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Major types of ecosystems
The document outlines major ecosystems, categorizing them into terrestrial and aquatic types. Key terrestrial ecosystems include tundra, taiga, temperate deciduous forest, tropical rain forest, grassland, and desert, each defined by unique characteristics and climatic conditions. Aquatic ecosystems are divided into marine and freshwater, with marine comprising oceans and coral reefs, and freshwater including lentic and lotic systems.
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Major types of ecosystems
- 1. MAJOR TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 2. TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS Aterrestrial ecosystem is an ecosystem found only on landforms. Six primary terrestrial ecosystems exist: • tundra, • taiga, • temperate deciduous forest, • tropical rain forest, • grassland; and • desert. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 3. TUNDRA Anecosystem situated near the North Pole in the Arctic Circle; thus, the coldest and driest of all terrestrial ecosystems. Winters are extremely cold with temperatures typically below -34° C. The summers last only about two months and the temperatures are still very cold ranging from 3° to 12° C. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 4. TUNDRA Theword tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturia which means treeless land. There are two types of tundra - arctic tundra and alpine tundra. The arctic tundra is located within the Arctic Circle while the alpine tundra is the area high in the mountains above trees. The largest animal that lives in the tundra ecosystem is the polar bear. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 5. TUNDRA Arctic TundraAlpine Tundra Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 6. Tundra in theArctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 7. Polar bears Beetle Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer) Long-tailed weasel
- 8. TAIGA Thelargest terrestrial ecosystem and extends across Europe, North America and Asia. It is also known as coniferous forest or boreal forest. It has short, wet summers and long, cold winters. It gets plenty of snow during the winter and plenty of rainfall during the summer. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 9. Ms. Catherine T.Añano (Fulltime Lecturer) Taiga
- 10. Ms. Catherine T.Añano (Fulltime Lecturer) Taiga
- 11. TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST It experiences all four seasons-winter, spring, summer, and fall. The four seasons are easily recognizable and each lasts about 3 months. It is located in the United States, Canada, Europe, China, Japan and some parts of Russia. Its soil is very fertile and rich with nutrients. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 12. TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST Black bears and wolves are very common animals that live in the temperate deciduous forest ecosystem. The growing season of the temperate deciduous forest lasts about six months. The leaves of deciduous trees change color in the fall because the plant or tree stops producing chlorophyll which is what gives them their green color. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 13. TROPICAL RAIN FOREST An ecosystem that covers about 7% of the Earth’s surface. Majority of the tropical rain forests lies in South America in Brazil. Tropical rainforests are one of the oldest ecosystems on Earth. It is responsible for the majority of the oxygen production in the air that we breathe. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 14. Ms. Catherine T.Añano (Fulltime Lecturer) Amazon Rainforest
- 15. GRASSLAND Grasslandsare also known as prairies and savannas. Grasslands are normally situated between a forest and a desert. In fact, grasslands surround every desert in Asia. Twenty-five percent of the Earth is covered by the grassland ecosystem. There is a grassland on each continent with the exception of Antarctica. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 16. GRASSLAND Tropicaland temperate are the two kinds of grasslands. Tropical grasslands experience warm weather all year long while temperate grasslands are warm part of the year and very cold during the other part. Grasslands are perfect for cropping and pasturing because its soil runs deep and is extremely fertile. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 17. GRASSLAND Tropicalgrasslands are located in the Southern Hemisphere while temperate grasslands are located in the Northern Hemisphere. Animals that you can expect to find in a grassland ecosystem are zebras, lions, wolves, prairie dogs, and foxes. The grasslands in the United States are known as prairies and are considered to be temperate grasslands. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 18. A grassland westof Coalinga, California. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 19. Savanna in theSamburu Game Preserve, Kenya. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 20. Ms. Catherine T.Añano (Fulltime Lecturer) Colorado prairie
- 21. DESERT Desertscover about 20% of the Earth. The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the desert ecosystem. It covers over 300 million square miles. Many desert animals tend to be nocturnal, sleeping during the day and coming out at night when the temperatures are more tolerable. Because there is hardly any standing water in the desert, animals either store water in their bodies or get their water needs met by the foods they eat. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 22. DESERT Duststorms occur when the wind picks up dust from the surface. These storms can be up to 1 mile high and travel over a hundred miles. The desert ecosystem can be found on every continent except Europe. Because body fat retains heat, most desert animals have an adaptation that allows them to store all their body fat in one area of their body. The camel stores all its body fat in its hump. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 23. DESERT Theplants that are able to grow in the desert biome store water in their stem. They normally grow spaced out so that their roots can extend and find water. Cacti have many adaptions to survive in the desert. Their spines protect them from being eaten by animals and their waxy outer covering keeps moisture from escaping. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 24. Ms. Catherine T.Añano (Fulltime Lecturer) Sahara Desert
- 25. AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS Anaquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem located in a body of water. Two major aquatic ecosystems exist: • Marine ecosystem; and • Freshwater ecosystem Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 26. MARINE ECOSYSTEMS The largest ecosystem with coverage of nearly 71% of the Earth’s surface and containing 97% of the planet’s water. The water in marine ecosystems has salts and minerals dissolved in them in high amounts. There are two common and major types of marine ecosystems: ocean and coral reef ecosystems. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 27. OCEAN Thereare five ocean ecosystems - Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean. At 36, 200 feet deep, the Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the ocean ecosystem. The largest ocean of the ocean ecosystems is the Pacific Ocean. The ocean ecosystem is home to the largest known mammal of the world = the blue whale. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 28. Ms. Catherine T.Añano (Fulltime Lecturer) Atlantic Ocean
- 29. CORAL REEF It is located in a shallow, clear portion of the ocean in mostly tropical areas. These areas include the coasts of East Africa, South India, Australia, Florida, the Caribbean, and Brazil. The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef ecosystem and is located in Australia. It can actually be seen from outer space. The Great Barrier Reef covers more than 1,200 miles and contains 400 species of coral. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 30. FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS Covers only 0.8% of the Earth’s surface and contain 0.009% of its total water. There are two basic types of freshwater ecosystems: lentic, and lotic. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 31. LENTIC ECOSYSTEMS Lentic ecosystems are also called standing waters. It includes lakes, ponds, swamps, marshes, and vernal pools. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 32. Manzanita Lake towardMt. Lassen, California Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 33. LOTIC ECOSYSTEMS Lotic ecosystems are also called flowing waters. It includes rivers, streams, creeks, brooks, and springs. Ms. Catherine T. Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)
- 34. Ms. Catherine T.Añano (Fulltime Lecturer) Agusan River
- 35. Ms. Catherine T.Añano (Fulltime Lecturer)