Mathematics applied in major fields of science and technology
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This document discusses the history and importance of mathematics. It notes that mathematics has become essential in fields like robotics, space research, sports, biology, and information technology. It then discusses some key developments in mathematics throughout history, including how it became integrated into modern science in the 18th century. Several important mathematician's contributions to early computers are also outlined, such as Pascal's calculating machine and Babbage's Analytical Engine. The document ends by discussing ongoing research into modeling the human brain mathematically.
Mathematics applied in major fields of science and technology
- 1. By – Shreet Mishra (XI) Roll no. – 47
- 2. In 21st century mathematics is used In robotics In space research In sports In Biological calculation In field of information technology etc.
- 3. Development of mathematics as a part of science In 18th century mathematics was already become a part of modern science. Mathematics begins to develop very fast because of it’s introduction to schools. Therefore everyone have a chance to learn the basic fundamentals of mathematics
- 4. Development of mathematics as a part of science Thanks to that, large number of new mathematicians appear on stage There are many new ideas, solutions to old mathematical problems,researches which lead to creating new fields of mathematics. Old fields of mathematics are also expanding.
- 5. Contribution of mathematicians in field of computer technology - In 1642 AD, Blaise Pascal , a French mathematician invented a calculating machine named as Adding Machine. This machine was capable of doing Addition and Subtraction. This device is known as the First Calculator of the world. In 1671 AD, Gotfried Leibnitz, a German Mathematician improved the Adding machine and made a new machine capable of performing multiplication and division also.
- 6. Contribution of mathematicians in field of computer technology - Charles Babbage was a British mathematician. In 1822, he designed a machine called Difference Engine. It aimed at calculating mathematical tables. In 1833, Charles Babbage designed a machine called Analytical Engine. It had almost all the parts of a modern computer. Hollerith, a Mathematician, invented a fast counting machine named Tabulating Machine in 1880.
- 7. LEONHARD EULER Euler worked in almost mathematics, graph theory and number theory, as well as , lunar theory, optics and other areas of physics ad thus developed a famous formula of mathematics which gave a new turn to modern science.
- 8. Descartes’ vision On November 10, 1619 when Descartes was 23, he had a vision in which it was “revealed” to him that the universe is mathematical and logical. Since Descartes, science was gripped with the idea of a universe that can be described mathematically.
- 9. Mathematics as a language of physics Mathematics is a language which seems to be well suited for describing the physical universe. Defining characteristic is precision. It shares some similarities with music.
- 10. Google and Linear Algebra Google set itself apart from other search engines by its ability to quantify “relevance”with the help of mathematics.
- 11. Mathematics in the Life Sciences Mathematical neuroscience tries to model neuronal activity. Main problem of neuroscience is how does the nervous system process information? Main problem of Population genetics: how genetic mutations and selection are propagated in a population. Main problem of Epidemiology: dynamics of diseases? Mathematics is playing an important role in solution of these problems.
- 12. The Language of Life Biological calculation seems to be more “horizontal”. This “horizontal” nature of biological calculation eliminates the problem of compounding errors. The language of the nervous system seems to have less “arithmetical depth” than we are used to in mathematics.
- 13. The Nature of Mathematical Calculation In numerical calculations that involve approximations or “errors”, repeated calculations can compound the “errors” to the point of rendering the calculation meaningless. “Arithmetical” or “logical” depth refers to the number of serial arithmetic operations that have to be performed in a calculation.
- 14. The Language of Life The nervous system seems to use a radically different method of notation which is stochastic: not the positional system. Meaning is conveyed by statistical properties of the message. Meaning is also conveyed by statistical properties of different messages transmitted simultaneously.
- 15. Mathematics and the human brain DARPA recently asked for proposals to build a mathematical model of the human brain. That effort will radically alter the way we construct digital computers. It may also radically alter our views of intelligence and consciousness and our humanity.
- 16. the end