Media studies @salman#2
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This document discusses different theories of media, including the Authoritarian Theory, Libertarian Theory, Soviet Theory, and Social Responsibility Theory. It then focuses on explaining the Pluralist-Liberal View of media and its key assumptions. The Pluralist-Liberal View assumes a diversity of interests balances society, groups have roughly equal power, and the government acts as an impartial referee. It also assumes media help give voice to all views, inform citizens, and independently watch over government. The document discusses criticisms of the Pluralist view and roles of media like the Fourth Estate. It concludes with resume points about societal competing interests, independent and diverse media production and content, and professional and audience autonomy.
Media studies @salman#2
- 1. :: media studies ::lecture #02 twitter: @[email protected] or [email protected]
- 2. perspektifsosiologis mediamedia beradadidalammasyarakatmedia membentukdandibentukolehmasyarakatperan, fungsidanstruktur media didalammasyarakatkonsekuensipandangan ideal masyarakatterhadap media
- 3. teorinormatif mediaThe Authoritarian Theorypemerintahotoriter, media tundukThe Libertarian Theorymasyarakatbebas, media bebasThe Soviet TheoryMelayanikelaspekerja/partai, media semi otonomThe Social Responsibility Theoryinformativeness, truth, accuracy, objectivity, and balance
- 4. pluralist-liberal ViewasumsiumumThe diversity of interests gives balance and strength to societyThe power of groups is roughly equalThe government acts as an impartial referee Political life is independent from economic lifeThe exercise of power is visible
- 5. pluralist-liberal viewasumsi mediaMedia help to give voice to all views and to provide a forum for public debate. Media provide the information necessary for citizens to act. Media are independent of the power of economics and government. Media serve as an independent institution keeping watch over self-serving government and excessive influence of special interest groups.
- 6. pluralist-liberal viewMedia organizations are seen as bounded organizational systems, enjoying an important degree of autonomy from the state, political parties and institutionalised pressure groups autonomous managerial élite who allow a considerable degree of flexibility to media professionals Audiences are seen as capable of manipulating the media in an infinite variety of ways according to their prior needs and dispositions Curran and Gurevitch (1982)
- 7. pluralist-liberal practicesin Europe:the wide range of media products available, including some which are required by the government to cater for minority tastes deregulation of broadcasting systems, encouraged by governments throughout Europe the relative independence of journalists journalists' resistance to political pressure when they are subjected to it the independence of many media organs from big conglomerates
- 8. pluralist-liberal practicesIn USAThe assumption underlying the pluralist view in American research was that there was a broad consensus on social norms and that the media largely reflected and reinforced those norms
- 9. the modelMedia is seen as an arena of competing groups and interest, yet relatively autonomous from them
- 10. media roles in societyFourth EstateWatchdogThe Guardians of DemocracyThe Defender of the Public Interest
- 11. DiscussionWhat do you think about general assumption of Pluralist view? Is there any weakness or far from reality or practices?How do you think those assumptions relate to the assumptions of media view from pluralist?Explain the consequences from every single interests in pluralist model
- 12. resumeSocietal: competing interest and groupsMedia: many and independent each otherProduction: creative, free, originalContent: diverse and competing, responsive to audience demand
- 13. resumeProfessionals: independence and outonomousAudience: fragmented, selective, reactive & activeEffects: numerous without consistency or predictability of direction, but often no effectKeywords:democracy, liberalism