MEMRISTOR BY ASHOK
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The document discusses memristors, a type of memory-resistor that retains its last programmed resistance state, essential in advanced electronics and circuit design. It covers the historical development, types, working principles, and potential applications of memristors, highlighting their role in nonvolatile memory and analog computation. The conclusion emphasizes that memristors will significantly influence circuit design in the 21st century due to their unique properties.
MEMRISTOR BY ASHOK
- 1. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam MEMRISTOR (THE FOURTH MISSING ELEMENT) PRESENTATION BY B.ASHOK KUMAR GMRIT-EEE 3/31/2015
- 2. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 1)INTRODUCTION 2)COMPARSION 3)WORKING 4)TYPES 5)APPLICATIONS 6)CONCLUSION 7)REFERENCES
- 3. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 INTRODUCTION A resistor that retains a memory of its last programmed state (resistance) is a memory-resistor. Memristors resistance varies according to a device memristance function,allowing via tiny read charges, access to a “history” of applied voltage. Memristor exhibit their unique properties primarily at the nano scale. And also such properties have been observed in action prior to the HP lab prototypes.
- 4. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 HISTORY: # Year Who Where 0 ?? Unknowns Those who may have observed memristance, while studying thin films. 1 1960 Bernard Widrow develops a 3-terminal device called a "memistor" as a new fundamental circuit component forming the basis of a neural network circuit called ADALINE (ADAptive LInear NEuron). 2 1972 Leon Chua His student Sung Mo Kang publish a paper entitled "Memristive Devices and Systems" in the Proceedings of the IEEE generalizing the theory of memristors and memristive systems 3 2008 Stanley Williams Dmitri Strukov, Gregory Snider, Duncan Stewart, and Stan Williams, of HP Labs, publish an article in Nature "The missing memristor found" identifying a link between the 2-terminal resistance switching behavior found in nano scale systems and Leon Chua's memristor 4 2009 XiaobinWang, Yiran Chen, Haiwen Xi, Hai Li, and Dimitar Dimitrov publishes article entitled “Spintronic Memristor Through Spin- Torque-Induced Magnetization Motion” in IEEE Electron Device Letters
- 5. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 COMPARISON a)G.S.OHM b)M.FARADAY c)J.HENRY d)LEONO.CHUA 1827 1745 1831 1960
- 6. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 ELEMENT TYPE UNIT R =V/I Passive & Linear Ω(ohms) L=ф*I Passive & Linear H(henry) C=Q/V Passive & Linear F(farad) M=ф/q Passive & Non-Linear Ω (ohms)
- 7. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015
- 8. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015
- 9. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015
- 10. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015
- 11. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 • Leon Chua’s original graph of the hypothetical memristor’s behavior is shown at top right; – The graph of R. Stanley Williams’s experimental results in the Nature paper is shown below. • The loops map the switching behavior of the device: – It begins with a high resistance, and as the voltage increases, the current slowly increases. – As charge flows through the device, the resistance drops, – Then, as the voltage decreases, the current decreases but more slowly, because charge is flowing through the device and the resistance is still dropping. • The result is an on-switching loop. – When the voltage turns negative, the resistance of the device increases, resulting in an off-switching loop.
- 12. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 Applied voltage makes the oxygen vacancies (+ve) to shift towards the –ve voltage P T P T TiOv(2-x) TiO2 3 nm 2 nm OxidizedReduced (-)ve (+)ve CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION:
- 13. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 Tio2-x Tio2 Ron Roff WORKING:
- 14. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 TYPES These type of memristors primarily rely on different material properties of thin film atomic lattices that exhibit hysterisis under the application of charge. 1. Molecular and ionic thin film memristive systems: The list of different memristor types below shows there are a wide variety of systems that exhibit memristive behaviour and more are being discovered as indusries begin to build out their research prototyping and manufacturing infrastructures. a) Titanium dioxide memristors: b) polymeric(ionic)memristors: c) Manganite memristive systems: d) Resonant-tunneling diode memristors:
- 15. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 These systems as opposed to molecular and ionic nanostructure based systems, rely on the property of degree of freedom in electric spin. In this system electron spin polarisation is altered 2.SPIN BASED AND MAGNETIC MEMRISTIVE SYSTEMS: 3-TERMINAL MEMRISTORS: The advanced technology of electroplating was used to demonstrate the viability of a non solid state three terminal Memristor by Bernard Widrow at Stanford. The conductance was described by the time integral of current. a) Spintronic memristors: b) Spin Torque Transfer (STT) MRAM:
- 16. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 APPLICATIONS Nonvolatile memories Low power and remote sensing •Memristors can retain memory states and data in power off modes. •The fab prototypes resistance is read with alternating current so that the stored value remains unaffected. •NVRAM and SSD competitors could start showing on in the market within 2 years. •Coupled with memcapacitors and meminductors, the complimentary circuits to the memristor which allow for the storage of charge. •Memristors can possibly allow for nano-scale low power memory and distributed state storage, as a future extension of NVRAM capabilities. •These are currently all hypothetical in terms of time to market.
- 17. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 Analog Computation and Circuits: Cross Bar Latches as Transistor Replacements (or) Augmentors: Solid-state memristors can be combined into devices called crossbar latches, which could replace transistors in future computers, taking up a much smaller area. •Analog Computations embodied a whole area of research which unfortunately were not as scalable, reproducible or dependable as digital solutions. • These memristors will now allow us to revisit a lot of the analog science that was abandoned in the mid 1960’s.
- 18. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 Circuits which mimic Neuromorphic and Biological Systems: Programmable logic and signal processing: •The memristive applications in these areas will remain relatively the same, because it will only be a change in the under lying physical architecture ,allowing their capabilities to expand to most likely be unrecognizable as related. •Simple electronic circuits based on an LC network and memristors have been built ,and used recently to model experiments on adaptive behaviour of unicellular organisms. •Modeling a brain using rationated mathematics . •Memristor cat brain.
- 19. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 CONCLUSION MEMRISTOR will change circuit design in the 21ST century. Utilization memristors effectively changes standard protocals and structures. Memristors are a new class of device with very different but useful properties for memory storage.
- 20. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam 3/31/2015 REFERENCE: • "Memristor—The Missing Circuit Element", IEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory by Leon O Chua (1971) • "Memristive Devices and Systems" in the Proceedings of the IEEE by Leon Chua and his student Sung Mo Kang (1976) • "The missing memristor found" Nature (may2008) • IEEE Spectrum - The Mysterious Memristor, by Sally Adee (may 2008) • IEEE Spectrum - How We Found the Missing Memristor, by R. Stanley Williams (dec 2008)
- 21. DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering Humility Entrepreneurship Teamwork Learning Social Responsibility Respect for IndividualDeliver The Promise GMRInstituteofTechnology,Rajam THANK YOU 3/31/2015