Metaprogramming Techniques In Groovy And Grails

The document discusses metaprogramming techniques in Groovy and Grails. It defines key concepts like dynamic typing, late binding, and metaprogramming. It then explains various dynamic features in Groovy like intercepting methods/properties, creating classes/methods at runtime, and evaluating code strings. It covers Groovy's meta object protocol and how it exposes runtime structures. Examples are provided for method dispatching, AST transformations, and using builders to generate hierarchical structures.