![2 Microgrids for Commercial Systems
1.1 Introduction
In this modern era, the local power generation and utilization concept is
considered an asset and efficacious approach to have a better energy man-
agement system [1]. This encourages the penetration of renewable energy
resources and considerably reduces the usage of conventional fossil fuels
[2]. The real-time challenge with the approach is adopting it to an exist-
ing grid-connected system without collapsing the system and also ensur-
ing optimal source utilization [3, 4]. The alarming usage of conventional
resources which are emitting greenhouse gas paves the way to empha-
size the need of incorporating an appropriate demand-side management
(DSM) strategy [5]. The DSM techniques encompass various kinds of
strategies such as load shifting, peak clipping, valley filling, strategic load
growth, strategic load conservation, etc. [6]. Some DSM implemented
reduce loads in peak hours, resulting in a demand-response approach [7].
The applicability of DSM with respect to available resources in a location
provides a clear insinuation on conventional sources [8]. Some strategies
are also
tariff-based, aimed to reduce additional charges and switch load
in reference to the time of use principle [9]. The preliminary require-
ment for introducing building energy management is possible with smart
energy meters which enable to model the demand pattern of that particu-
lar building. The process is generally termed modeling demand, involving
the procedural gathering of available information as a numerical note and
updating knowledge on the state of existing energy systems [10].
Modeling the demand pattern of smart buildings is essential based on
economic and environmental impact on energy utilization trends and sus-
tainable use of available resources [11]. Enormous studies and research
articles plotted the problem by various approaches and techniques, but it
has a limitation as it varies from system to system and also relies upon sys-
tem considerations [12]. Each work proposes a different and unique supply
and demand-side management approach according to the dataset type, i.e.,
whether univariate or multivariate. Some researchers focused on compar-
ing supply–demand result patterns [13] accompanied by an analysis of the
cost involved in bidding for supply from each kind of source in case of the
availability of multiple sources [14].
The study presented in [15] put forth a stochastic programming model
for staging the performance of a smart microgrid by reducing the operat-
ing cost and emissions with non-conventional resources. Plenty of work
dealt with this problem using optimization techniques which are found to
be generic and primordial. Vishnupriyan and Manoharan [16] adopted the
本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/89235-250411114343-02eb749a/85/Microgrids-for-Commercial-Systems-1st-Edition-Palanisamy-Sivaraman-25-320.jpg)
![Guil. I know not how to leave the poor old man—
Come, let me help you, sir.
Urr. Parricide!
May outraged Heaven that has seen thy crime,
Witness my curse, and blast thee! Every sword
That every pious hand against thee draws,
Caught up into the glittering elements,
Turn thunderbolt, (as every weapon shall
Drawn in God’s cause,) and smite thee to the centre!
That sacrilegious hand which thou hast raised
Against this snow-white head—how shall it show
Before Heaven’s judgment bar; yea, how can Heaven
Ev’n now behold this deed, nor quench its sun,
Veil its pure infinite blue with awful cloud,
And with a terrified eclipse of things
Confound the air you breathe, the light you see,
The ground you walk on!
Guil. Pray sir, compose yourself—
Your cloak—your staff—
Urr. My staff! what use is that,
When it is steel that must avenge my wrong?
Yet give it me—fit instrument
Wherewith to chastise a rebellious child—
Ay, and he did not use his sword on me,
Mark that, nor I on him—give me my staff.
Alas, alas! and I with no strength left
To wield it, only as I halt along,
Feeling about with it to find a grave,
And knocking at deaf earth to let me in.[6]
Guil. Nay, calm yourself,
The population of the place is up
After the criminal.
Urr. And to what purpose?
Th t i h b th t](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/89235-250411114343-02eb749a/85/Microgrids-for-Commercial-Systems-1st-Edition-Palanisamy-Sivaraman-42-320.jpg)
![They cannot wipe away my shame by that.
Let the whole city turn its myriad eyes
Upon me, and behold a man disgraced—
Disgraced by him to whom he gave a being.
I say, behold me all—the wretched man
By his own flesh and blood insulted, and
On his own flesh and blood crying Revenge!
Revenge! revenge! revenge!
Not to the heavens only, nor to Him
Who sits in judgment there, do I appeal,
But to the powers of earth. Give me my hat,
I’ll to the King forthwith.
Vic. Consider, sir;
You would not enter in the palace gates
So suddenly, and in this plight?
Urr. Why not,
Whose voice should over-leap the firmament,
And without any preparation enter
The palace-doors of God—
King Pedro! King of Arragon! Christian king!
Whom fools the Cruel call, and Just the wise,
I call on you, King Pedro[7]—
King (entering with Mendo and Train). Who calls the King?
Urr. A wretch who, falling at your feet, implores
Your royal justice.
King. I remember you;
Don Lope de Urrea, whose son I pardon’d.
What would you of me?
Urr. That you would, my King,
Unpardon him you pardon’d; draw on him
The disappointed sword of justice down.
That son—my son—if he indeed be mine—
(Oh, Blanca, pure as the first blush of day,
Pardon me such a word!) has after all](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/89235-250411114343-02eb749a/85/Microgrids-for-Commercial-Systems-1st-Edition-Palanisamy-Sivaraman-43-320.jpg)
Microgrids for Commercial Systems 1st Edition Palanisamy Sivaraman
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- 5. Microgrids for Commercial Systems 1st Edition Palanisamy Sivaraman Digital Instant Download Author(s): Palanisamy Sivaraman, Chenniappan Sharmeela, P. Sanjeevikumar ISBN(s): 9781394166305, 1394166303 Edition: 1 File Details: PDF, 90.16 MB Year: 2024 Language: english
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- 8. Microgrids for Commercial Systems 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
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- 10. Microgrids for Commercial Systems Edited by P. Sivaraman C. Sharmeela and P. Sanjeevikumar 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 11. This edition first published 2024 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA and Scrivener Publishing LLC, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J, Beverly, MA 01915, USA © 2024 Scrivener Publishing LLC For more information about Scrivener publications please visit www.scrivenerpublishing.com. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or other- wise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Wiley Global Headquarters 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley prod- ucts visit us at www.wiley.com. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no rep resentations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchant- ability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representa tives, written sales materials, or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further informa tion does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organiza tion, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data ISBN 9781394166305 Cover image: Pixabay.com Cover design by Russell Richardson Set in size of 11pt and Minion Pro by Manila Typesetting Company, Makati, Philippines Printed in the USA 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 12. v Contents Acknowledgements xv 1 Smart Energy Source Management in a Commercial Building Microgrid 1 A. C. Vishnu Dharssini, S. Charles Raja and P. Venkatesh 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Motivations of the Study 3 1.3 State of the Art of the System 4 1.4 Overview of the Proposed Methodology 4 1.5 DSM Approach 6 1.6 Background for HOMER Simulation 8 1.6.1 Economical Input Data for Simulation 11 1.6.2 Simulation—Energy Configurations 11 1.6.3 Comparative Analysis 12 1.6.4 Highlights of the Proposed Framework 16 1.7 Conclusion 17 References 17 2 Renewable Power Generation Price Prediction and Forecasting Using Machine Learning 21 Challa Krishna Rao, Sarat Kumar Sahoo and Franco Fernando Yanine 2.1 Introduction 22 2.1.1 Electricity Price Forecasting 23 2.1.2 Electricity Price Classification 25 2.1.3 Price Spike Prediction 26 2.2 Literature Review 27 2.2.1 Types of Analyses 30 2.2.1.1 Game Theory Models 30 2.2.1.2 Model Simulations 30 2.2.1.3 Models for Time Series 30 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 13. vi Contents 2.2.1.4 Parsimonious Stochastic Models 30 2.2.1.5 Regression or Causal Models 32 2.3 Data Mining Models 35 2.3.1 Machine Learning Techniques 35 2.3.1.1 Supervised Learning 35 2.3.2 Decision Trees 36 2.4 Objectives 37 2.4.1 Forecasting Results for the Seasons of Indian Market 38 2.4.2 Day-Ahead Forecasting of Prices for the Indian Market 39 2.4.2.1 Forecasts of Cases A and B 40 2.5 Conclusions 42 References 42 3 Energy Storage System for Microgrid for Commercial Systems 49 Anushree Ramanath 3.1 Introduction 50 3.2 State of the Art 51 3.2.1 History of Energy Storage Systems 52 3.2.2 Significance of Power Electronics-Based Systems in Energy Storage 53 3.2.3 Recent Developments in Storage Systems for Microgrids 53 3.3 Energy Storage Systems 54 3.3.1 Definition and Classification 55 3.3.2 Sizing of Primary Storage 57 3.3.3 Supplementary Storage 58 3.3.4 Control Strategies 60 3.4 Batteries for Microgrids in Commercial Applications 61 3.4.1 Battery Chemistry 61 3.4.2 Modeling and Simulation of Batteries 64 3.4.3 Battery Management System 65 3.5 Future Trends 66 3.5.1 Energy Storage System Challenges 66 3.5.2 Technological Advancements 67 3.6 Summary 68 References 69 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 14. Contents vii 4 Emerging Topologies of DC–DC Converters for Microgrid Applications 73 Stutee Patra, Aditi Chatterjee and K.C. Patra 4.1 Introduction 73 4.2 Microgrid 75 4.3 DC–DC Converter Topologies 76 4.4 Modulation of DC–DC Converters With Different Control Strategies 95 4.5 Comparative Analysis 101 4.6 Conclusion 105 Appendix 123 References 124 5 Analysis of PWM Techniques on Multiphase Multilevel Inverter for PV Applications in Microgrids 133 B. Hemanth Kumar, Kavali Janardhan, R. Seshu Kumar, J. Ramesh Rahul and P. Sanjeevi Kumar 5.1 Introduction 134 5.2 Cascaded H-Bridge Multiphase Multilevel Inverter 138 5.3 Modulation Techniques for Multilevel Inverter 141 5.3.1 High Switching Frequency PWM Technique 141 5.3.1.1 Phase-Shifted Modulation (PSM) 141 5.3.1.2 Level-Shifted Modulation (LS-PWM) 142 5.3.2 Sinusoidal PWM 144 5.3.3 Harmonic Injection 145 5.3.4 Switching Frequency Optimal 145 5.4 Simulation Results 146 5.5 Conclusion 153 References 154 6 Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Solar PV–Electrolyzer–Fuel Cell-Based Power Generation System 157 R. Aruna and K. Punitha 6.1 Introduction 158 6.2 Hybrid Renewable Energy Storage System 160 6.3 Modeling of the Hybrid Renewable Energy Storage System 160 6.3.1 PV Panels 160 6.3.2 PEM Electrolyzer 164 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 15. viii Contents 6.3.3 Hydrogen Storage Tank 168 6.3.4 PEM Fuel Cell 169 6.4 Characteristic Study of Each Component of the Hybrid Renewable Energy Storage System 172 6.4.1 Solar PV Panel 172 6.4.2 PEM Electrolyzer 173 6.4.3 PEM Fuel Cell 175 6.5 Energy Management System 176 6.6 Result and Discussion 176 6.7 Summary and Future Scope 182 References 183 7 Design of DC EV Charging Infrastructure in a Commercial Building Using the Solar PV System 187 J. Nishanthy, N. Sivakumar, S. Charles Raja and S. Arockia Edwin Xavier 7.1 Introduction 188 7.2 Methodological Analysis 192 7.2.1 System Configuration 193 7.2.2 Site Location in Environmental Aspects 193 7.2.3 Electrical Load Parameters 195 7.2.4 Component Specification Parameters 196 7.3 Result Analysis 199 7.3.1 Proposed System Cost Benefits 199 7.3.2 Electrical Analysis 200 7.3.3 Grid and Solar PV Comparison 201 7.3.4 Grid Bill Comparison 202 7.3.5 Electric Vehicle State of Charge Analysis 202 7.3.6 Emission Analysis 203 7.4 Conclusion 204 References 204 8 Design and Simulation of a Rooftop Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Power System for an Academic Institution 207 Saswati Dey, Nilanjan Mukhopadhyay, Kuntal Das, Neha Shaw and Rajesh Halder 8.1 Introduction 208 8.2 System Design 210 8.2.1 Size of the PV Module 210 8.2.2 Battery Sizing 211 8.2.3 Charge Controller 212 8.2.4 Inverter Sizing 212 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 16. Contents ix 8.3 Design Methodology 213 8.3.1 Meteorological Information of the Site 213 8.3.2 Daily Load Calculation 217 8.3.3 Cost Analysis 217 8.4 Conclusion 218 References 219 9 Integration of Wind Energy Control with Electric Vehicle 223 Abhishek Kumar 9.1 Introduction 223 9.2 PID Controller 225 9.2.1 Proportional Action 225 9.2.2 Integral Action 226 9.2.3 Derivative Action 226 9.2.4 PID Controller Design and Tuning 228 9.2.5 PID Controller Design 228 9.3 Wind Power System Dynamics 229 9.3.1 Wind Turbine Characteristics 229 9.3.2 Wind Power Output Fluctuations 230 9.3.3 Frequency Deviation in Wind Power Systems 230 9.4 PID Control in Frequency Regulation 231 9.4.1 PID Control for Output Power Control 231 9.4.2 PID Controller Parameters and Tuning 231 9.4.3 Optimization of PID Parameter 232 9.4.4 Frequency Deviation With and Without PID Control 233 9.5 Integrating Wind Power Systems into EV 234 9.6 Conclusion 239 References 240 10 Interactive Use of D-STATCOM and Storage Resource to Maintain Microgrid Stability for Commercial Systems 241 Mostafa Eidiani, Mohammad Kargar and Hossein Zeynal 10.1 Introduction 242 10.1.1 Microgrid Concept 244 10.1.2 Review of Past Works 245 10.2 The Proposed Structure 246 10.2.1 Primary Controller 247 10.2.1.1 Drop Controller 247 10.2.1.2 Voltage Controller 248 10.2.1.3 Current Controller 249 10.2.2 Secondary Control 250 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 17. x Contents 10.2.2.1 Static Compensation of Microgrid Based on Inverter 252 10.3 Simulation 254 10.3.1 Commercial LV Distribution Network 254 10.3.2 Test No. 1: Changing the State of the Microgrid from Connected to Island 257 10.3.3 Test No. 2: Adding Demand to the Microgrid 260 10.3.4 Test No. 3: Changes in the Production of Renewable Resources 262 10.4 Conclusion 266 References 267 11 Power System Studies for Microgrids 271 Aditi Chatterjee and Festus Okinyi Maklago 11.1 Introduction 271 11.2 Description of a Microgrid Model Operating in Islanded Mode 274 11.2.1 Load Flow Analysis of a Microgrid Operating in Islanded Mode 276 11.2.1.1 Operating Scenario 1 276 11.2.1.2 Operating Scenario 2 278 11.3 Harmonic Load Flow Analysis in Islanded Mode 279 11.4 Transient Analysis of a Microgrid System in Islanded Mode 281 11.4.1 Fault at Main Bus 283 11.4.2 Three-Phase Fault at Main Bus 283 11.4.3 Fault at Bus 3 Connected to Motor Load 286 11.4.4 Loss of One PV Generator in Islanded Mode Operation 288 11.4.5 Critical Clearing Time and Critical Clearing Angle 288 11.5 Load Flow Analysis of a Microgrid Operating in Grid-Tied Mode 290 11.5.1 Operating Scenario 1 291 11.5.2 Operating Scenario 2 293 11.5.3 Harmonic Load Flow Analysis in Grid-Tied Mode 294 11.6 Transient Analysis of Microgrid System in Grid-Tied Mode 295 11.6.1 Fault at the Main Bus 297 11.6.2 Three-Phase Fault at the Main Bus 298 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 18. Contents xi 11.6.3 Fault at Bus 3 Connected to 3-HP Motor Load 298 11.6.4 Loss of One PV Generator in Grid-Tied Mode Operation 301 11.7 Comparative Analysis of a Microgrid Operating in Islanded and Grid-Tied Mode 304 11.8 Conclusion 304 References 304 12 EV Charging Infrastructure in Microgrid 307 K. Narasimhaiah Achari and Pallavi Gajbhiye 12.1 Introduction 308 12.2 An Overview of EV Charging Infrastructure 309 12.2.1 Charging of Electric Vehicle 314 12.2.2 Electrical Vehicle Charging Categorization 315 12.2.3 Characteristics of Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment 317 12.2.4 Smart Charging and Interoperability of Charging 318 12.2.5 Battery Specification in Different EV Segments 319 12.3 Importance of Charging Station and Charge Point 320 12.3.1 Classification of EV Charging Infrastructure 323 12.3.2 Operating Groups for EV Charging Infrastructure 325 12.3.3 Charge Point Operator and E-Mobility Service Providers 326 12.3.4 Availability and Management of Charging Data 328 12.4 EV Integration to the Microgrid 329 12.4.1 EV Charge Connection’s Regulatory Framework 331 12.4.2 Electricity Tariff 332 12.4.3 Technical Challenges for DISCOMs 333 12.4.4 Electrical Supply Arrangement for Charging 334 12.5 Industrial Microgrid and Subsystem 335 12.5.1 V2G Frequency Control Method 336 12.5.2 The DC MG Structure 338 12.5.3 EV Charging Optimal Control Strategy 340 12.6 Summary 342 References 342 13 Operation and Control of EV Infrastructure for Microgrid 345 Tamilarasu Viswanathan,B. Gunapriya, M. Mathankumar, S. Suryaprakash and M. Mohamed Iqbal 13.1 Introduction 346 13.2 Proposed Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure for Enhancing Microgrid Operation 359 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 19. xii Contents 13.3 Implementation of Proposed Commercial EV Charging Stations on Microgrids 365 13.4 Validation of the Proposed Commercial EV Charging Stations on Microgrids 372 13.5 Conclusion 375 References 375 14 Renewable-Energy-Powered EV Charging Station for Microgrid PSO‑Based Controller for PV-Powered EV Charging Station 381 K. Punitha, R. Aruna and S. Kanthammal 14.1 Introduction 382 14.2 Renewable-Energy-Powered EV Charging Station for Microgrid 383 14.3 EV Charging Station 384 14.3.1 Types of EV Charging Station 384 14.3.2 Types of EV Charging Cables 386 14.3.3 Types of EV Charging Modes 386 14.3.4 Types of EV Charger 389 14.4 System Description 389 14.5 Proposed PSO Optimized IC MPPT Algorithm 392 14.5.1 IC MPPT 392 14.5.2 PSO 393 14.5.3 PSO Optimized IC MPPT 396 14.6 Case Study—MATLAB Simulation 396 14.7 Conclusion 402 References 402 Appendix 405 14.A1 PSO-Optimized MPPT Codings 405 14.A2 Overall System in MATLAB/Simulink 408 15 Closed-Loop Control of Microgrids With Wind and Battery Storage System in Islanding Mode 409 Shruti Sahu, Jyoti Shukla and Basanta K. Panigrahi 15.1 Introduction 410 15.2 Wind Turbine Modeling 413 15.3 Designing a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator 413 15.4 Three-Phase Rectifier 415 15.5 Modeling of a Boost Converter With MPPT 417 15.6 Battery Energy Storage System 419 15.7 Modeling of Lithium-Ion Battery 420 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 20. Contents xiii 15.8 Modeling of a Bidirectional DC–DC Converter 421 15.9 Modeling a Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverter 424 15.10 Vector Control Structure for Inverter Control 428 15.11 Modeling a Passive Filter 430 15.12 Simulation Results 431 15.13 Conclusion 451 References 452 Index 455 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
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- 22. xv Acknowledgements Foremost, thanks to the Almighty for his everlasting love throughout this endeavour. Acknowledgement is always a phrase to appreciate the dedication, com- mitment, resources and timely solution either with the digital platform or real-time medium, timely support and bond of encouragement is the vital tool for teachers and researchers from their Institution. In these regards, we editors express our sincere thanks to Mr. S. Muthukumaran, Director, TECH Engineering Services, Chennai, India; Mr. K. Balaji, Vertiv, Chennai, India; Mr. K. Sasikumar, Electrical Engineer, Mott MacDonald, Noida, India; Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology, and Cybernetics, University of South-Eastern Norway, Norway and Center for Electric Vehicle Technologies, Center for Energy Storage Systems, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, India. We editors got the full support and executed the task promptly where our Institution devoted the time and liberty for enhancement with research in particular to make this book a great success. I wish One and All for the devoted time frame effort for the grand suc- cess with the book. Warm regards, Editors 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
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- 24. 1 P. Sivaraman, C. Sharmeela and P. Sanjeevikumar (eds.) Microgrids for Commercial Systems, (1–20) © 2024 Scrivener Publishing LLC 1 Smart Energy Source Management in a Commercial Building Microgrid A. C. Vishnu Dharssini*, S. Charles Raja and P. Venkatesh Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu, Madurai, India Abstract In the most recent times, renewable resource-based local power generation and effective utilization are evolving as a hot research topic, as it mainly focuses on ensuring a reliable energy supply to the consumers. It mitigates the challenges of the volatile nature of renewable sources and uncertainties in demand rise. To ensure the sustainable operation of microgrids specifically, a deep knowledge of demand and generation trends is required. The proposed research framework highlights the promising supply-side management approach of available renew- able sources along with the existing grid connection, the optimal energy config- uration of which is found with the help of Hybrid Optimization of the Multiple Energy Resources simulation software. The scope of the chapter is to assure the continual supply to meet the load of a particular department block in an edu- cational institution, Thiagarajar College of Engineering (TCE), Madurai (9.8821° N, 78.0816° E). The feasibility study deals with prioritizing available sources such as solar photovoltaic generation, diesel generation, and backup facilities in TCE. Based on seasonal energy trends and availability, a significant demand-side man- agement technique (DSM) technique is feasible for educational buildings: load shifting is implemented. The approach tracks the optimal energy configuration among four configurations and compares the configuration before and after the DSM incorporation. It also pinned out the probability of cost reduction by the optimal source allocation strategy. Keywords: Building energy management, feasibility analysis, demand side management, optimal source allocation, ToU tariff *Corresponding author: [email protected] 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 25. 2 Microgrids for Commercial Systems 1.1 Introduction In this modern era, the local power generation and utilization concept is considered an asset and efficacious approach to have a better energy man- agement system [1]. This encourages the penetration of renewable energy resources and considerably reduces the usage of conventional fossil fuels [2]. The real-time challenge with the approach is adopting it to an exist- ing grid-connected system without collapsing the system and also ensur- ing optimal source utilization [3, 4]. The alarming usage of conventional resources which are emitting greenhouse gas paves the way to empha- size the need of incorporating an appropriate demand-side management (DSM) strategy [5]. The DSM techniques encompass various kinds of strategies such as load shifting, peak clipping, valley filling, strategic load growth, strategic load conservation, etc. [6]. Some DSM implemented reduce loads in peak hours, resulting in a demand-response approach [7]. The applicability of DSM with respect to available resources in a location provides a clear insinuation on conventional sources [8]. Some strategies are also tariff-based, aimed to reduce additional charges and switch load in reference to the time of use principle [9]. The preliminary require- ment for introducing building energy management is possible with smart energy meters which enable to model the demand pattern of that particu- lar building. The process is generally termed modeling demand, involving the procedural gathering of available information as a numerical note and updating knowledge on the state of existing energy systems [10]. Modeling the demand pattern of smart buildings is essential based on economic and environmental impact on energy utilization trends and sus- tainable use of available resources [11]. Enormous studies and research articles plotted the problem by various approaches and techniques, but it has a limitation as it varies from system to system and also relies upon sys- tem considerations [12]. Each work proposes a different and unique supply and demand-side management approach according to the dataset type, i.e., whether univariate or multivariate. Some researchers focused on compar- ing supply–demand result patterns [13] accompanied by an analysis of the cost involved in bidding for supply from each kind of source in case of the availability of multiple sources [14]. The study presented in [15] put forth a stochastic programming model for staging the performance of a smart microgrid by reducing the operat- ing cost and emissions with non-conventional resources. Plenty of work dealt with this problem using optimization techniques which are found to be generic and primordial. Vishnupriyan and Manoharan [16] adopted the 本书版权归John Wiley & Sons Inc.所有
- 26. Discovering Diverse Content Through Random Scribd Documents
- 27. Vic. Only you look, and, see if she don’t limp on one side, and squint on the other. Don Guillen (entering at one side). I can wait no longer. Don Lope (entering at the other). It is no use; she is shut up with my mother. Now for Don Guillen. Elv. They are back. Vic. We’ll settle our little matter by and by. Elv. Glass eyes and wooden legs! [Exit.
- 28. Lope (To Don Guillen). Forgive my leaving you so long; I have been Waiting on one who is my father’s guest, The lady Violante. Guil. So sweet duty Needs no excuse. Lope. Now to pursue your story— Guil. Ah—where did I leave off? Lope. About the truce Making at Naples, when you saw a lady— Guil. Ay, but I must remember one thing, Lope, Most memorable of all. The ambassador Empower’d to treat on our good King’s behalf Was Mendo de Torellas, whose great wisdom And justice, both grown grey in state affairs, Well fitted him for such authority; Which telling you, and telling you beside, That when the treaty made, and he left Naples, I left it too, still following in his wake The track of a fair star who went with him To Saragossa, to this very house— Telling you this, I tell you all—tell who My lady is—his daughter—Violante, Before whose shrine my life and soul together Are but poor offerings to consecrate. Vic. (aside). A pretty market we have brought our pigs to! Who’ll bet upon the winner? Lope. (aside). Oh confusion! But let us drain the cup at once.—Don Guillen, Your admiration and devotedness Needed the addition of no name to point Their object out. But tell me, Ere I advise with you how far your prayer
- 29. Ere I advise with you, how far your prayer Is answer’d by your deity. Guil. Alas! Two words will tell— Lope. And those? Guil. Love unreturn’d! Or worse, return’d with hate. Vic. (aside). Come, that looks better. Guil. My love for her has now no hope, Don Lope, But in your love for me. She is your guest, And I as such, beside my joy in you, May catch a ray of her—may win you even To plead for me in such another strain As has not yet wearied her ears in vain; Or might you not ev’n now, as she returns, Give her a letter from me; lest if first She see, or hear from others of my coming, She may condemn my zeal for persecution, And make it matter of renew’d disdain. I’ll write the letter now, and bring it you Ere she be back. [Exit.
- 30. Vic. (to Lope). Good-bye, sir. Lope. Whither now, Vicente? Vic. To the mountains—I am sure You’ll soon be after me. Lope. I understand— But stay awhile. True, I love Violante, and resent Don Guillen’s rivalry: but he’s my friend— Confides to me a passion myself own, And cannot blame. Wait we awhile, Vicente, and perhaps A way will open through the labyrinth Without our breaking through. Vic. How glad I am To see you take ’t so patiently? Now, sir, Would you be ruled— Lope. What then? Vic. Why simply, sir, Forget the lady—but a few days’ flame, And then— Lope. Impossible! Vic. What’s to be done then? Lope. I know not—But she comes. Enter Violante.
- 31. Viol. Still here, Don Lope! Lope. Ah, what in nature will its centre leave, Or, forced away, recoils not faster still? So rivers yearn along their murmuring beds Until they reach the sea; the pebble thrown Ever so high, still faster falls to earth; Wind follows wind, and not a flame struck out Of heavy wood or flint, but it aspires Upward at once and to its proper sphere. Viol. All good philosophy, could I but see How to apply it here. Lope. And yet, how easy! Your beauty being that to which my soul Ever flies fastest, and most slowly leaves. Viol. Surely this sudden rapture scarce agrees With what I heard before. Lope. How, Violante? Viol. Have you not haply changed parts in the farce, And risen from second character to first? Lope. My second did not please you—come what will, Casting feign’d speech and character aside, I’ll e’en speak for myself in my own person. Listen to me—Don Guillen— Guil. (listening at the side). Just a moment To hear him plead my cause. Lope. Following your beauty, as a flower the sun, Has come from Italy to Arragon, And, as my friend, by me entreats of you To let him plead his suit. Guil. Would I could stay To hear the noble Lope plead my cause, But summon’d hence
- 33. Viol. Ill does your second part Excuse your ill performance of the first; One failure might be pardon’d, but two such Are scarce to be excused. Lope. Oh, tell me then Which chiefly needs apology! Viol. I will. First for your friend Don Guillen; bid him cease All compliment and courtship, knowing well How all has been rejected hitherto, And will hereafter, to the ruthless winds. Lope. And on the second count—my own? Viol. How easily Out of his answer you may draw your own! Lope. Alas! Viol. For when the judge has to pronounce Sentence on two defendants, like yourselves, Whose charge is both alike, and bids the one Report his condemnation to the other; ’Tis plain— Lope. That both must suffer? Viol. Nay, if so The judge had made one sentence serve for both. Lope. Great heavens! Guil. (listening at the side). The man dismiss’d, I’ll hear the rest. Viol. Oh, let it be enough to tell you now The heart that once indeed was adamant, Resisting all impression—but at last Ev’n adamant you know— Guil. Oh, she relents!
- 34. Lope. Oh, let me kiss those white hands for those words! Guil. Excellent friend! he could not plead more warmly Were ’t for himself. Lope. Oh for some little token To vouch, when you have vanisht from my eyes, That all was not a dream! Viol. (giving him a rose). This rose, whose hue Is of the same that should my check imbue! [Exit. Enter Guillen.
- 35. Guil. Oh how thrice welcome is my lady’s favour, Sent to me by the hand of such a friend! How but in such an attitude as this Dare I receive it? (Kneels.) Lope. Rise, Don Guillen, rise: Flowers are but fading favours that a breath Can change and wither. Guil. What mean you by this? Lope. Only that though the flower in my hands Is fresh from Violante’s, I must tell you It must not pass to yours. Guil. Did not I hear you Pleading my cause? Lope. You might— Guil. And afterwards, When I came back again, herself confess That, marble as she had been to my vows, She now relented tow’rd me! Lope. If you did, ’Twould much disprove the listener’s adage. Guil. How? Lope. You set your ears to such a lucky tune, As took in all the words that made for you, But not the rest that did complete the measure. Guil. But did not Violante, when you urged her In my behalf, say she relented? Lope. Yes. Guil. To whom then? Lope. To myself. Vic. The cat’s unbagg’d!
- 36. Vic. The cat s unbagg d! Guil. To you! Lope. To me. Guil. Don Lope, you must see That ev’n my friendship for you scarce can stomach Such words—or credit them. Lope. Let him beware Who doubts my words, stomach them as he can. Guil. But ’tis a jest: Bearing my happy fortune in your hands, You only, as old love has leave to do, Tantalize ere you give it me. Enough, Give me the rose. Lope. I cannot, being just Given to me, and for me. Guil. His it is Whose right it is, and that is mine; and I Will have it. Lope. If you can. Guil. Then follow me, Where (not in your own house) I may chastise The friendship that must needs have play’d me false One way or other. [Exit. Lope. Lead the way then, sir. Enter hurriedly Donna Blanca and Violante from opposite sides.
- 37. Viol. Don Lope, what is this? Lope. Nothing, Violante. Viol. I heard your angry voices in my room, And could not help— Blan. And I too. O my son, Scarce home with us, and all undone already! Where are you going? Lope. No where; nothing; leave me. Viol. Tell me the quarrel—Oh! I dread to hear. Lope. What quarrel, lady? let me go: your fears Deceive you. Blan. Lope, not an hour of peace When you are here! Lope. Nay, madam, why accuse me, Before you know the cause? Enter Urrea.
- 38. Urr. How now?—disputing? Blanca and Violante too? What is it? Blan. Oh, nothing! (I must keep it from his father.) Nothing—he quarrell’d with Vicente here, And would have beat him—and we interposed; Indeed, no more. Vic. The blame is sure to fall Upon my shoulders. Urr. Is ’t not very strange, Your disposition, Lope? never at peace With others or yourself. Lope. ’Tis nothing, sir. Vic. He quarrell’d with me, sir, about some money He thought he ought to have, and couldn’t find In his breeches’ pocket. Urr. Go, go—get you gone, knave. Vic. Always fair words from you at any rate. (Aside.) Urr. And for such trifles, Lope, you disturb My house, affright your mother and her guest With your mad passion. Lope. I can only, sir, Answer such charge by silence, and retire.— Now for Don Guillen. (Aside.) [Exit.
- 39. Blan. Oh let him not go! Urr. Why not? ’tis a good riddance. Violante, You must excuse this most unseemly riot Close to your chamber. My unruly son, When his mad passion’s roused, neither respects Person or place. Viol. Nay, sir, I pardon him. And should, for I’m the cause! (Aside.) Blan. Ah, wretched I, Who by the very means I would prevent His going forth, have oped the door to him. (Noise within of swords, and the voices of Lope and Guillen fighting.) Urr. What noise is that again? Enter Elvira. Elv. ’Tis in the street. Enter Beatrice. Beat. Oh, my young master fighting—run, sir, run! Urr. And ’tis for this I’ve sacrificed myself! Enter fighting Lope and Guillen; Gentlemen and others trying to part them.
- 40. Urr. (going between them). Hold, Lope! Hold, Don Guillen! Voices. Part them! part them! Guil. Traitor! Lope. Traitor!—I say that he’s the traitor Whoever— Urr. Madman, can you not forbear When your grey-headed father holds your sword! Lope. And in so doing robs me of the honour I never got from him. Urr. Oh! ruffian! But if this graceless son will not respect His father, my white hairs appeal to you, Don Guillen. Guil. And shall not appeal in vain— Out of respect, sir, for your age and name, And for these gentlemen who interpose, I shall refer the issue of this quarrel To other time and place. Lope. A good excuse For fear to hide in. Guil. Fear! Urr. Madman! again! That the respect his rival shows to me Should make my son despise him. By these heavens This staff shall teach you better. Lope. Strike me not! Beware—beware! Urr. Why, art thou not ashamed— Lope. Yes, of respect for you that’s fear of me.
- 41. Guil. Whoever says or thinks what I have done Is out of fear of you, I say— Urr. He lies! I’ll top your sentence for you. Lope. Then take thou The answer! (Strikes Urrea, who falls: confusion.) A voice. What have you done? Another. Help, help! Voices. After him, after him!—the parricide! (Lope rushes out and the people after him.)
- 42. Guil. I know not how to leave the poor old man— Come, let me help you, sir. Urr. Parricide! May outraged Heaven that has seen thy crime, Witness my curse, and blast thee! Every sword That every pious hand against thee draws, Caught up into the glittering elements, Turn thunderbolt, (as every weapon shall Drawn in God’s cause,) and smite thee to the centre! That sacrilegious hand which thou hast raised Against this snow-white head—how shall it show Before Heaven’s judgment bar; yea, how can Heaven Ev’n now behold this deed, nor quench its sun, Veil its pure infinite blue with awful cloud, And with a terrified eclipse of things Confound the air you breathe, the light you see, The ground you walk on! Guil. Pray sir, compose yourself— Your cloak—your staff— Urr. My staff! what use is that, When it is steel that must avenge my wrong? Yet give it me—fit instrument Wherewith to chastise a rebellious child— Ay, and he did not use his sword on me, Mark that, nor I on him—give me my staff. Alas, alas! and I with no strength left To wield it, only as I halt along, Feeling about with it to find a grave, And knocking at deaf earth to let me in.[6] Guil. Nay, calm yourself, The population of the place is up After the criminal. Urr. And to what purpose? Th t i h b th t
- 43. They cannot wipe away my shame by that. Let the whole city turn its myriad eyes Upon me, and behold a man disgraced— Disgraced by him to whom he gave a being. I say, behold me all—the wretched man By his own flesh and blood insulted, and On his own flesh and blood crying Revenge! Revenge! revenge! revenge! Not to the heavens only, nor to Him Who sits in judgment there, do I appeal, But to the powers of earth. Give me my hat, I’ll to the King forthwith. Vic. Consider, sir; You would not enter in the palace gates So suddenly, and in this plight? Urr. Why not, Whose voice should over-leap the firmament, And without any preparation enter The palace-doors of God— King Pedro! King of Arragon! Christian king! Whom fools the Cruel call, and Just the wise, I call on you, King Pedro[7]— King (entering with Mendo and Train). Who calls the King? Urr. A wretch who, falling at your feet, implores Your royal justice. King. I remember you; Don Lope de Urrea, whose son I pardon’d. What would you of me? Urr. That you would, my King, Unpardon him you pardon’d; draw on him The disappointed sword of justice down. That son—my son—if he indeed be mine— (Oh, Blanca, pure as the first blush of day, Pardon me such a word!) has after all
- 44. Pardon me such a word!) has, after all My pain and sacrifice in his behalf; Has, in defiance of the laws of man And God, and of that great commandment, which, Though fourth on the two tables, yet comes first After God’s jealous honour is secured, Has struck me—struck his father—in a fray Wherein that father tried to save his life. I have no vindication; will have none, But at your hands and by your laws; unless, If you deny me that, I do appeal Unto the King of kings to do me justice; Which I will have, that heaven and earth may know How a bad son begets a ruthless sire! King. Mendo! Men. My liege. King. I must again refer This cause to you. (To Urrea.) Where is your son? Urr. Fled! fled! King (to Mendo). After him then, use all the powers I own To bring the wretch to justice. See me not Till that be done. Men. I’ll do my best, my liege. King. I have it most at heart. In all the rolls Of history, I know of no like quarrel: And the first judgment on it shall be done By the Fourth Pedro, King of Arragon. [Exeunt severally. ACT III
- 45. Scene I.—A Wild Place. Enter Mendo and Officers of Justice armed. 1st Officer. Here, my lord, where the Ebro, swollen with her mountain streams, runs swiftest, he will try to escape. Men. Hunt for him then, leaving neither rock nor thicket unexplored. (They disperse.) Oh, what a fate is mine, Having to seek what most I dread to find, Once thought the curse of jealousy alone! The iron King will see my face no more Unless I bring Don Lope to his feet: Whom, on the other hand, the gratitude And love I bear him fain would save from justice. Oh, how— Enter some, fighting with Don Lope.
- 46. Lope. I know I cannot save my life, But I will sell it dear. Men. Hold off! the King Will have him taken, but not slain. And I, If I can save him now, shall find a mean To do it afterwards— Don Lope! Lope. I should know that voice, the face I cannot, blind with fury, dust, and blood. Or was ’t the echo of some inner voice, Some far off thunder of the memory, That moves me more than all these fellows’ swords? Is it Don Mendo? Men. Who demands of you Your sword, and that you yield in the King’s name. Lope. I yield? Men. Ay, sir, what can you do beside? Lope. Slaying be slain. And yet my heart relents Before your voice; and now I see your face My eyes dissolve in tears. Why, how is this? What charm is on my sword? Men. ’Tis but the effect And countenance of justice that inspires Involuntary awe in the offender. Lope. Not that. Delinquent as I am, I could, With no more awe of justice than a mad dog, Bite right and left among her officers; But ’tis yourself alone: to you alone Do I submit myself; yield up my sword Already running with your people’s blood, And at your feet— Men. Rise, Lope. Heaven knows
- 47. e se, ope ea e o s How gladly would your judge change place with you The criminal; far happier to endure Your peril than my own anxiety. But do not you despair, however stern Tow’rds you I carry me before the world. The King is so enraged— Lope. What, he has heard! Men. Your father cried for vengeance at his feet. Lope. Where is my sword? Men. In vain. ’Tis in my hand. Lope. Where somehow it affrights me—as before When giving you my dagger, it turn’d on me With my own blood. Mendo. Ho there! Cover Don Lope’s face, and carry him To prison after me. (Aside.) Hark, in your ear, Conduct him swiftly, and with all secrecy, To my own house—in by the private door, Without his knowing whither, And bid my people watch and wait on him. I’ll to the King—Alas, what agony, I know not what, grows on me more and more! [Exeunt. Scene II.—A Room in the Palace. Enter King.
- 48. King. Don Mendo comes not back, and must not come, Till he have done his errand. I myself Can have no rest till justice have her due. A son to strike his father in my realm Unawed, and then unpunisht! But by great Heaven the law shall be avenged So long as I shall reign in Arragon. Don Mendo! Enter Mendo.
- 49. Mendo. Let me kiss your Highness’ hand. King. Welcome, thou other Atlas of my realm, Who sharest the weight with me. For I doubt not, Coming thus readily into my presence, You bring Don Lope with you. Men. Yes, my liege; Fast prisoner in my house, that none may see Or talk with him. King. Among your services You have not done a better. The crime is strange, ’tis fit the sentence on it Be memorably just. Men. Most true, my liege, Who I am sure will not be warp’d away By the side current of a first report, But on the whole broad stream of evidence Move to conclusion. I do know this charge Is not so grave as was at first reported. King. But is not thus much clear—that a son smote His father? Men. Yes, my liege. King. And can a charge Be weightier? Men. I confess the naked fact, But ’tis the special cause and circumstance That give the special colour to the crime. King. I shall be glad to have my kingdom freed From the dishonour of so foul a deed By any extenuation. Men. Then I think Your Majesty shall find it here. ’Tis thus: Don Lope on what ground I do not know
- 50. Don Lope, on what ground I do not know, Fights with Don Guillen—in the midst o’ the fray, Comes old Urrea, at the very point When Guillen was about to give the lie To his opponent—which the old man, enraged At such unseemly riot in his house, Gives for him; calls his son a fouler name Than gentleman can bear, and in the scuffle Receives a blow that in his son’s blind rage Was aim’d abroad—in the first heat of passion Throws himself at your feet, and calls for vengeance, Which, as I hear, he now repents him of. He’s old and testy—age’s common fault— And, were not this enough to lame swift justice, There’s an old law in Arragon, my liege, That in our courts father and son shall not Be heard in evidence against each other; In which provision I would fain persuade you Bury this quarrel. King. And this seems just to you? Men. It does, my liege. King. Then not to me, Don Mendo, Who will examine, sentence, and record, Whether in such a scandal to the realm The son be guilty of impiety, Or the sire idle to accuse him of ’t. Therefore I charge you have Urrea too From home to-night, and guarded close alone; It much imports the business. Men. I will, my liege. [Exeunt severally. Scene III.—A Corridor in Urrea’s House, with three doors in front.
- 51. Enter from a side door Violante and Elvira. Viol. Ask me no more, Elvira; I cannot answer when my thoughts are all locked up where Lope lies. Elv. And know you where that is? Nearer than you think; there, in my lord your father’s room. Viol. There! Oh, could I but save him! Elv. You can at least comfort him. Viol. Something must be done. Either I will save his life, Elvira, or die with him. Have you the key? Elv. I have one; my lord has the master-key. Viol. Yours will do, give it me. I am desperate, Elvira, and in his danger drown my maiden shame; see him I will at least. Do you rest here and give me a warning if a footstep come. (She enters centre door.) Scene IV.—An inner Chamber in Urrea’s House. Lope discovered.
- 52. Lope. Whither then have they brought me? Ah, Violante, Your beauty costs me dear! And even now I count the little I have yet to live Minute by minute, like one last sweet draught, But for your sake. Nay, ’tis not life I care for, But only Violante. Violante (entering unseen). Oh, his face Is bathed in his own blood; he has been wounded. Don Lope! Lope. Who is it calls on a name I thought all tongues had buried in its shame? Viol. One who yet—pities you. Lope (turning and seeing her). Am I then dead, And thou some living spirit come to meet me Upon the threshold of another world; Or some dead image that my living brain Draws from remembrance on the viewless air, And gives the voice I love to? Oh, being here, Whatever thou may’st be, torment me not By vanishing at once. Viol. No spirit, Lope, And no delusive image of the brain; But one who, wretched in your wretchedness, And partner of the crime you suffer for, All risk of shame and danger cast away, Has come—but hark!—I may have but a moment— The door I came by will be left unlockt To-night, and you must fly. Lope. Oh, I have heard Of a fair flower of such strange quality, It makes a wound where there was none before, And heals what wound there was. Oh, Violante, You who first made an unscathed heart to bleed,
- 53. Now save a desperate life! Viol. And I have heard Of two yet stranger flowers that, severally, Each in its heart a deadly poison holds, Which, if they join, turns to a sovereign balm. And so with us, who in our bosoms bear A passion which destroys us when apart, But when together— Elvira (calling within). Madam! madam! your father! Viol. Farewell! Lope. But you return? Viol. To set you free. Lope. That as it may; only return to me. [Exit Violante, leaving Lope. Scene V.—Same as Scene III. Elvira waiting. Enter Violante from centre door. Viol. Quick! lock the door, Elvira, and away with me on wings. My father must not find me here. Elv. Nay, you need not be frightened, he has gone to my lady Blanca’s room by the way. Viol. No matter, he must not find me; I would learn too what is stirring in the business. Oh, would I ever drag my purpose through, I must be desperate and cautious too. [Exit. Elv. (locking the door). Well, that’s all safe, and now myself to hear what news is stirring.
- 54. Vicente (talking as he enters). In the devil’s name was there ever such a clutter made about a blow? People all up in arms, and running here and there, and up and down, and every where, as if the great Tom of Velilla was a ringing. Elv. Vicente! what’s the matter? Vic. Oh, a very great matter, Elvira. I am very much put out indeed. Elv. What about, and with whom? Vic. With all the world, and my two masters, the young and old one, especially. Elv. But about what? Vic. With the young one for being so ready with his fists, and the old one bawling out upon it to heaven and earth, and then Madam Blanca, she must join in the chorus too; and then your grand Don Mendo there, with whom seizing’s so much in season, he has seized my master, and my master’s father, and Don Guillen, and clapt them all up in prison. Then I’ve a quarrel with the King! Elv. With the King! You must be drunk, Vicente. Vic. I only wish I was. Elv. But what has the King done? Vic. Why let me be beaten at least fifty thousand times, without caring a jot: and now forsooth, because an old fellow gets a little push, his eyes flash axe and gibbet. Then, Elvira, I’m very angry with you. Elv. And why with me? Vic. Because, desperately in love with me as you are, you never serenade me, nor write me a billet-doux, nor ask me for a kiss of my fair hand. Elv. Have I not told you, sir, I leave that all to Beatrice? Vic. And have I not told you, Beatrice may go hang for me?
- 55. Elv. Oh, Vicente, could I believe you! Vic. Come, give me a kiss on credit of it; in case I lie, I’ll pay you back. Elv. Well, for this once. Enter Beatrice. Beat. The saints be praised, I’ve found you at last! Vic. Beatrice! Elv. Well, what’s the matter? Vic. You’ll soon see. Beat. Oh, pray proceed, proceed, good folks, Never mind me: you’ve business—don’t interrupt it—I’ve seen quite enough, besides being quite indifferent who wears my cast-off shoes. Elv. I beg to say, madam, I wear no shoes except my own, and if I were reduced to other people’s, certainly should not choose those that are made for a wooden leg. Beat. A wooden leg? pray, madam, what has a wooden leg to do with me? Elv. Oh, madam, I must refer you to your own feelings. Beat. I tell you, madam, these hands should tear your hair up by the roots, if it had roots to tear. Vic. Now for her turn. Elv. Why, does she mean to insinuate my hair is as false as that left eye of hers? Beat. Do you mean to insinuate my left eye is false? Elv. Ay; and say it to your teeth. Beat. More, madam, than I ever could say to yours, unless, indeed, you’ve paid, madam, for the set you wear. Elv. Have you the face to say my teeth are false?
- 56. Beat. Have you the face to say my eye’s of glass? Elv. I’ll teach you to say I wear a wig. Beat. Would that my leg were wood just for the occasion. Vic. Ladies, ladies, first consider where we are. Beat. Oh ho! I think I begin to understand. Elv. Oh, and so methinks do I. Beat. It is this wretch— Elv. This knave— Beat. This rascal— Elv. This vagabond— Beat. Has told all these lies. Elv. Has done all this mischief. } Spoken together. (They set upon and pinch him, etc.) Vic. Ladies, ladies—Mercy! oh! ladies! just listen! Elv. Listen indeed! If it were not that I hear people coming— Vic. Heaven be praised for it! Beat. We will defer the execution then—And in the mean while shall we two sign a treaty of peace? Elv. My hand to it—Agreed! Beat. Adieu! Elv. Adieu! [Exeunt Beatrice and Elvira.
- 57. Vic. The devil that seized the swine sure has seized you, And all your pinches make me tenfold writhe Because you never gave the king his tithe. [Exit. Scene VI.—Donna Blanca’s Apartment: it is dark. Enter the King disguised, and Blanca following him.
- 58. Blan. Who is this man, That in the gathering dusk enters our house, Enmaskt and muffled thus? what is ’t you want? To croak new evil in my ears? for none But ravens now come near us—Such a silence Is not the less ill-omen’d. Beatrice! A light! my blood runs cold—Answer me, man, What want you with me? King. Let us be alone, And I will tell you. Blan. Leave us, Beatrice— I’ll dare the worst—And now reveal yourself. King. Not till the door be lockt. Blan. Help, help! King. Be still. Blan. What would you? and who are you then? King (discovering himself). The King! Blan. The King! King. Do you not know me? Blan. Yea, my liege, Now the black cloud has fallen from the sun; But cannot guess why, at an hour like this, And thus disguised—Oh, let me know at once Whether in mercy or new wrath you come To this most wretched house! King. In neither, Blanca; But in the execution of the trust That Heaven has given to kings. Blan. And how, my liege, Fall I beneath your royal vigilance?
- 59. King. You soon shall hear: but, Blanca, first take breath, And still your heart to its accustom’d tune, For I must have you all yourself to answer What I must ask of you. Listen to me. Your son, in the full eye of God and man, Has struck his father—who as publicly Has cried to me for vengeance—such a feud Coming at length to such unnatural close, Men ’gin to turn suspicious eyes on you,— You, Blanca, so mixt up in such a cause As in the annals of all human crime Is not recorded. Men begin to ask Can these indeed be truly son and sire? This is the question, and to sift it home, I am myself come hither to sift you By my own mouth. Open your heart to me, Relying on the honour of a king That nothing you reveal to me to-night Shall ever turn against your good repute. We are alone, none to way-lay the words That travel from your lips; speak out at once; Or, by the heavens, Blanca,— Blan. Oh, my liege, Not in one breath Turn royal mercy into needless threat; Though it be true my bosom has so long This secret kept close prisoner, and hop’d To have it buried with me in my grave, Yet if I peril my own name and theirs By such a silence, I’ll not leave to rumour Another hour’s suspicion; but reveal To you, my liege, yea, and to heaven and earth, My most disastrous story. King. I attend. Blan. My father, though of lineage high and clear
- 60. y , g g g As the sun’s self, was poor; and knowing well How in this world honour fares ill alone, Betroth’d the beauty of my earliest years (The only dowry that I brought with me) To Lope de Urrea, whose estate Was to supply the much he miss’d of youth. We married—like December wed to May, Or flower of earliest summer set in snow; Yet heaven witness that I honour’d, ay, And loved him; though with little cause of love, And ever cold returns; but I went on Doing my duty toward him, hoping still To have a son to fill the gaping void That lay between us—yea, I pray’d for one So earnestly, that God, who has ordain’d That we should ask at once for all and nothing Of him who best knows what is best for us, Denied me what I wrongly coveted. Well, let me turn the leaf on which are written The troubles of those ill-assorted years, And to my tale. I had a younger sister, Whom to console me in my wretched home, I took to live with me—of whose fair youth A gentleman enamour’d—Oh, my liege, Ask not his name—yet why should I conceal it, Whose honour may not leave a single chink For doubt to nestle in?—Sir, ’twas Don Mendo, Your minister; who, when his idle suit Prosper’d not in my sister’s ear, found means, Feeing one of the household to his purpose, To get admittance to her room by night; Where, swearing marriage soon should sanction love, He went away the victor of an honour That like a villain he had come to steal; Then, but a few weeks after, (so men quit All obligation save of their desire,)
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