Micropropgation
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Meristem, embryo, and protoplast culture are three methods of micro-propagation. Meristem culture uses small stem tips placed in media to produce disease-free plants. Embryo culture excises embryos and places them in media to overcome issues like embryo abortion. Protoplast culture isolates plant cells using enzymes and regenerates plants from cultured protoplasts. The main advantages are producing clones and disease-free plants, while disadvantages include high costs and not all plants being amenable to tissue culture.
Micropropgation
- 4. Methods of Micro-propagation In Meristem culture the Meristem and a few subtending leaf primordial are placed into a suitable growing media. An elongated rooted platelet is produced after some weeks, and is transferred to the soil when it has attained a considerable height. A disease free plant can be produced by this method. Meristem Culture
- 6. Embryo Culture[ In embryo culture, the embryo is excised and placed into a culture medium with proper nutrient in aseptic condition. To obtain a quick and optimum growth into plantlets, it is transferred to soil. It is particularly important for the production of interspecific and intergeneric hybrids and to overcome the embryo abortion
- 8. Protoplast Culture In protoplast culture, the plant cell can be isolated with the help of wall degrading enzymes and growth in a suitable culture medium in a controlled condition for regeneration of plantlets. Under suitable conditions the protoplast develops a cell wall followed by an increase in cell division and differentiation and grows into a new plant
- 10. Advantages •The main advantage of micropropagation is the production of many plants that are clones of each other. •Micropropagation can be used to produce disease-free plants. •. •It is the only viable method of regenerating genetically modified cells or cells after protoplast fusion.
- 11. Disadvantages .It is very expensive, and can have a labour cost of more than 70%. .Not all plants can be successfully tissue cultured, often because the proper medium for growth is not known or the plants produce secondary metabolic chemicals that stunt or kill the explant
- 12. •Sometimes plants or cultivars do not come true to type after being tissue cultured. This is often dependent on the type of explant material utilized during the initiation phase or the result of the age of the cell or propagule line. Tissue culture techniques require skill and manpower.