MINI PROJECT ppt.pptx
- 1. SINDHUDURG SHIKSHANPRASARAKMANDAL’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
- 2. Mini project Name: DC motor speed control using TRANSISTOR
- 3. Group Members 01 02 04 03 Shreyas Chavan Girish Chavan Rupesh Humbe Gaurav Sawant Guide- V.Sawant Sir H.O.D-Marathe Sir
- 4. Industries are the backbone of the modern era and so it is of utmost importance that they always run with the highest possible efficiency. And for this reason many industrial applications require dc voltage sources, some by force and some by choice. However many of them perform better when they are fed from a variable dc source as compared to fixed voltage sources. These include battery operated vehicles, subway cars, battery charging etc. The conversion of fixed dc voltage to variable dc can be obtained by using semiconductor devices this project aims to simulate and analyze a model of dc chopper using power Transistor and study the speed control characteristics and the advantages and limitations of using a Transistor. Introduction :
- 5. Theory - The PWM pulses are fed to the gate of a transistor which reacts and controls the connected motor current in response to the setting of the pot. The current level through the motor decides it speed and thus implements the controlling effect via the pot. Here the Transistor are switched at a constant frequency with a control signal having variable duty cycle. This allows the average voltage across the motor to vary and thus control the rotor angular speed
- 6. Component • BD 139 transistor • Battery • Resistor 22k ohm • Variable Resistor 100k ohm • 12volt BLDC Motor/Fan • Connecting Wires • PCB
- 7. • 139 Transistor: :;;: The BD139 is a NPN complementary low voltage NPN transistor in 3 pin SOT-32 package. This device is designed for audio amplifiers and drivers utilizing complementary or quasi-complementary circuits. Products are pre-selected in DC current gain. Collector to emitter voltage (Vce) is 80V. • Resistor : 22K Ohm 1W High Quality Carbon Film Resistor (CFR) with ±5% Tolerance and Tin Plated Copper Leads. 22K Ohm Resistor Color Code: Red, Red, Orange, Golden. Resistance: 22K Ohm, Power Rating: 1 Watt, Approximate Maximum Current: 6.74mA .
- 8. • variable resistor: Trimpot is a high accuracy variable resistor and pcb mountable with 3 terminal pins. The voltage between the terminal varies as the trimpot is rotated. The Variable resistors are used for variating voltage as per the need in a circuit. • BLDC Motor/Fan: Machines ranging from simple devices like drills to complex equipment like industrial robots all make use of brushless DC motors that convert electrical energy into rotational motion. BLDC motors offer many advantages over their brushed counterparts.
- 9. • Printed Circuit Board (PCB): A printed circuit board (PCB) is a laminated sandwich structure of conductive and insulating layers. PCBs have two complementary functions. The first is to affix electronic components in designated locations on the outer layers by means of soldering. The second is to provide reliable electrical connections (and also reliable open circuits) between the component's terminals in a controlled manner often referred to as PCB design. • Connecting Wires : Connecting wires allows an electrical current to travel from one point on a circuit to another because electricity needs a medium through which it can move. Most of the connecting wires are made up of copper or aluminum.
- 11. In the above DC motor controller design, the pot adjustment creates a varying potential difference across the gate of the transistor, and the source pin of the transistor simply follows the value of this potential difference and adjusts the voltage across the motor accordingly. It implies that the source will be always 4 or 5V lagging behind the gate voltage and vary up/down with this difference, presenting a varying voltage between 2V and 7V across the motor. When the gate voltage is around 7V, the source pin will supply the minimum 2V to the motor causing a very slow spin on the motor, and 7V will be available across the source pin when the pot adjustment generates the full 12V across the gate of the transistor. above configuration helps to enforce a smooth speed control on the motor, and the design could be built quite cheaply Working:
- 12. • We can built this project at very low price. • Time requirement for making this project is approximately 1- 2 hour • Component required for this are easily available . • this is one of the simplest method of controlling DC motor speed
- 13. • They have very susceptible to overload voltage, hence due to installation special handling is to be required. • Required repeated calibration for accurate dose measurement Disadvantages:
- 14. The purpose of this project is to control the speed of DC motor using TRANISTOR to explore its use and suggest other areas of application DC (Direct current imotorhave been widely used in many industrial. application due to its precise and continuous control characteristics in theory, the DC motor is directly Proportional to the supply voltage, so if the voltage reduce from 12 to 6 volts the speed decrease by half in practice the supply voltage cannot be change all the time to control the motor speed so the MOSFET. As the switching the switching device will turn supply ON and OFF. where switching is done so fast that the only notices average voltage effect and not the switching PWM (pulse width modulation) circuit to control voltage output at the motor and the uned TRANSISTOR as the switching device Conclusion
- 15. • In this project we learn the how speed control DC motor using TRANSISTOR work Working of each functional part of the speed control DC motor using TRANSISTOR Also get knowledge about how prepared model of speed control DC motor using TRANSISTOR. • knowledge of basic operation of the speed control DC motor using TRANSISTOR • Knowledge of the basic operation of the speed control DC motor using TRANSISTOR. • Knowledge of the group work. Outcomes of Project
- 17. THANK YOU