![BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE
It Promotes DNA Damage Induced Cell Cycle Arrest And Apoptosis.
It Promotes Genomic Stability.
It Increases “Antibody Diversity” By Promoting Immunoglobulin Class
Switching And Somatic Hypermutation.
It Promotes Trinucleotide Repeats (TNR) Expression [Under Research].
It Promotes Homologous Recombination.
It Promotes Interstrand Crosslink Repair Mechanisms.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mismatchrepair-210701112930/85/Mismatch-Repair-Mechanism-9-320.jpg)
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Mismatch Repair Mechanism
- 1. MISMATCH REPAIR LOGESWARAN KA P20BIT1013 I MSC BIOTECHNOLOGY PERIYAR UNIVERSITY
- 2. DNA REPAIR Set Of Processes Where A Cell Detects And Nullify Damages Occurred In DNA. Very Important Mechanism Since Its Failure Leads To Development Of Severe Diseases. Discovery “Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich And Aziz Sancar”. They Received “Nobel Prize In Chemistry” In The Year “2015”. Their Research Focused On “Molecular Mechanisms Of DNA Repair Processes”.
- 3. DNA DAMAGE CAUSES DNA Damages Are Caused By “Exposure To Several Endogenous And Exogenous Agents”. “Errors Occurred During DNA Processing Reactions” Also Causes Damages In The DNA. Endogenous Agents Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen (Metabolites) Exogenous Agents UV, Dioxin (Chemical And Physical Agents) DNA Processing Reactions Replication, Recombination And Other Biological Processes.
- 4. MISMATCH REPAIR “Mismatch Repair (MMR)” Recognizes And Replaces The Wrong Bases Arised Due To “Unwanted Insertion And Deletion” During The DNA Processing Interactions. Important Role In “Maintenance Of Genomic Stability” And “Cellular Homeostasis”. There Are “Two” Types. Prokaryotic MMR. Eukaryotic MMR.
- 6. PROKARYOTIC MMR Mut S Important Protein Of MMR Initiates MMR Pathway By Recognizing Non-specific Interactions 2 Functional Domains DNA Binding Domain And ATPase Domain. Mut L Mediator Protein B/W Mut S And Other Proteins Interacts With Mut S And Initiates Endonuclease Activity Of Mut H Protein Acts As Recruiter Of UVrD Protein. Mut H Type II Restriction Endonuclease It Removes Mismatch DNAAt Hemimethylated GATC Sites Mut H Capacity For Mismatch Removal Is Stimulated By Mut S + Mut L + ATP Complex. UVrD DNA Helicase II Enzyme It Unwinds The DNAAt Nick Point Made By Mut H The Nick Point Is The Entry Point For Single Stranded DNA Binding Protein And UVrD UVrD Takeup At Nickpoint Is Mediated By Protein-Protein Interactions With Mut L.
- 7. EUKARYOTIC MMR MSH MSH6 Protein Similar To Mut S Mut Sa (Mismatch Recognition) And Mut Sb (Mismatch Repair). i.e. Insertion Deletion Loops (IDL). MLH Similar To Mut L Responsible For Formation Of Heterodimer Three Types Of Mut L Are Mostly Studied. 1. Mut La Supports Repair Initiated By Mut S Protein. 2. Mut Lb Functions Not Found. 3. Mut Lg Metabolic Recombination. Accessory Proteins Responsible For Proper Functioning Of MMR Helps In Recognition, Binding And Removal Of DNA Mismatch. i.e. Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) And Exonuclease I (EXO I).
- 8. MMR PATHWAY
- 9. BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE It Promotes DNA Damage Induced Cell Cycle Arrest And Apoptosis. It Promotes Genomic Stability. It Increases “Antibody Diversity” By Promoting Immunoglobulin Class Switching And Somatic Hypermutation. It Promotes Trinucleotide Repeats (TNR) Expression [Under Research]. It Promotes Homologous Recombination. It Promotes Interstrand Crosslink Repair Mechanisms.
- 10. REFERENCES 1) https://www.nature.com/articles/cr2007115 2) http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcb110/ALBER/13.14 .repair.pdf 3) https://www.slideshare.net/mprasadnaidu/dna-repair- final 4) https://www.creative-diagnostics.com/mismatch-repair- pathway.htm