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Modales Grammar Unit 4 3 ESO teoría y práctica.ppt
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- 2. What are modalverbs? They are: • Can • Could • May • Might • Must • Should • Will • Would • Ought to Modal verbs are sometimes referred to as Modal Auxiliary verbs because they help other verbs They are Auxiliary verbs that provide additional and specific meaning to the main verb of the sentence
- 3. How do weuse modals? Example: Mary could play the piano S Subject V Verb M They do not accept conjugation They do not need other auxiliary verbs
- 4. Form He canski He cans ski or He can skis Would you like to come with me? Do you would like to come with me? They can’t be serious They don’t can be serious There is no “s” in singular There is no “do / does” in the question There is no “don’t / doesn’t” in the negative
- 5. Form to can /caning to must /musting She must study We should have gone the other way He could play football in his youth (general ability) Modal verbs do not have infinitives or –ing forms Modal verbs are followed by an infinitive without to
- 6. Form Modal verbs donot have all the tenses Modal verbs use other verbs to complete the tenses Can is completed with be able to Must is completed with have to They can play the piano They will be able to play the piano in the future You must come early You had to come early yesterday
- 7. What do theyexpress? To understand it better we are going to divide them into 2 categories 1. 1. Modal Verbs Modal Verbs 2. 2. Modals in past Modals in past: They are used to express a situation in the past They can have more than one meaning depending on the situations
- 8. Categories Modals Modals Modals inPast Modals in Past Will Might Should Ought to May Must Would Could Can Would have Could have Might have Should have May have Must have
- 9. Modal Verbs Modal Modal Concept ConceptExamples Examples Will Future Joe will travel to NY next week Might Small probability I might move to Canada some day Should Recommendation You should go to the doctor Ought to Recommendation We ought to know about first aids
- 10. Modal Verbs Modal Modal Concept ConceptExamples Examples May (1) Permission May I come in? May (2) Good probability We may visit Mexico this summer Must (1) Responsibility Everyone must pay taxes Must (2) Assumption She didn’t arrive. She must be sick Would (1) Past (used to) When I was young, I would play soccer Would (2) Present unreal I would buy the car but I can’t afford it
- 11. Modal Verbs Modal Modal Concept ConceptExamples Examples Could (1) Unreal Ability I could go if I had time Could (2) Past Ability She could play the piano, not anymore Can (1) Present Ability We can speak English Can (2) Permission Can I have a sweet?
- 13. Modals in thePast They are modals referred to actions that happened in the past It must have been a difficult decision They should have invited her to their wedding MODAL + HAVE + verb in past participle
- 15. Modals in Past: Modal + have + past participle
- 16. Practise 1. My son___ be home by now. Where can he be? a. Have to b. Would c. Should d. Could 2. I think your thumb is broken. You ___ go to the emergency room. a. Might b. could c. ought to d. can 3. If you are interested in losing weight, you ______ try this new diet. a. Could b. mustn’t c. don’t have to d. had to 4. Johnnie’s fallen down the stairs! I ________ call an ambulance! a. Will b. might c. may d. ought to 5. You _______ come too early. We won’t leave until 9 o’clock. a. Has tob. must c. needn’t d. can’t
- 17. Practise 6. Children ________be accompanied by an adult at the zoo. a. Ought to b. must c. would d. mustn’t 7. You _________ talk during tests. It’s forbidden! a. don’t have to b. mustn’t c. couldn’t d. ought to 8. I can feel the heat. We _________ be near the fire. a. Can b. wouldc. must d. have to 9. They ________ hear him because he was whispering. a. Wouldn’t b. mustn’t c. shouldn’t d. couldn’t 10. You’ve never heard of Britney Spears! You ________ be serious! a. Must b. had to c. can’t d. shouldn’t
- 18. Practise 11. __________ youlike to have dinner with me tonight? a. Could b. may c. should d. would 12. You _________ let him hear about the party tomorrow. It’s a surprise! a. mustn’t b. wouldn’t c. couldn’t d. can 13. __________ I speak to the Chief of Police, please? a. Must b. May c. Would d. Need 14. He has arrived late. He _______ missed the bus a. Must have b. Should have c. Could have d. must
- 19. More practise Re-writethe following sentences using modals so that they have the same Re-write the following sentences using modals so that they have the same meaning. meaning. 1. I suggest that you get a good lawyer! You ___________________________________________ 2. A university degree isn’t necessary for that job. You ___________________________________________ 3. Perhaps my father will pick you up. My father _______________________________________ 4. 4. Eating is forbidden in class! You ___________________________________________ should get a lawyer should get a lawyer needn’t have a university degree for that job needn’t have a university degree for that job don’t have to have a university… don’t have to have a university… may / might pick you up may / might pick you up mustn’t eat in class mustn’t eat in class
- 20. More practise Re-writethe following sentences using modals so that they have the Re-write the following sentences using modals so that they have the same meaning. same meaning. 5. Look at his dirty clothes! I’m sure he is a poor person. He ____________________________________________ 6. I don’t believe that the legend of Hercules is true because there’re many contradictions. The legend of Hercules ____________________________ must be a poor person must be a poor person can’t be true can’t be true
- 21. Use your imagination Think about these situations and create a sentence using modals. Think about these situations and create a sentence using modals. 1. We are going to Paris for a weekend. (Make suggestions about things to do) 2. We start school in September. (Talk about necessity) 3. Margaret is a very talented sportswoman. (Talk about ability) 4. You have just won the lottery! (Talk about possibility) 5. Peter has got a headache and a congested nose. (Give him some advice) 6. You want to borrow your uncle’s Mercedes Benz. (Ask for permission politely)
- 22. Possible answers 1. Wecould visit the Louvre / We should go up the Eiffel Tower 1. We could visit the Louvre / We should go up the Eiffel Tower 2. We have to buy a new notebook 2. We have to buy a new notebook 3. She can speak 3 languages! / She is able to play the piano and the violin 3. She can speak 3 languages! / She is able to play the piano and the violin 4. I might stop working / I may buy a new car / I can travel to New York 4. I might stop working / I may buy a new car / I can travel to New York 5. You should see a doctor / You ought to drink hot tea 5. You should see a doctor / You ought to drink hot tea 6. Can I borrow your car, please? or May I borrow your car, please? 6. Can I borrow your car, please? or May I borrow your car, please?