Monkey space 2013
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Mono 3.2 includes support for .NET 4.5, C# 5, and improvements to the SGen garbage collector. Major work-in-progress projects include PlayScript, a language like ActionScript for games, and CppSharp for improved C++ interop. Future work may allow inline assembly in C# and focus on community priorities identified in tomorrow's brainstorming session.
![“Attempting to JIT compile method”
System.ExecutionEngineException: Attempting to JIT
compile method Foo[]:Bar`1](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/monkeyspace-2013-130724160404-phpapp02/85/Monkey-space-2013-13-320.jpg)
![“Attempting to JIT compile method”
System.ExecutionEngineException: Attempting to JIT
compile method Foo[]:Bar`1](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/monkeyspace-2013-130724160404-phpapp02/85/Monkey-space-2013-14-320.jpg)
![public class Sample : ILibrary
{
public Sample(LanguageGeneratorKind kind) : base("Sample", kind) {}
public override void SetupPasses(Driver driver, PassBuilder passes)
{
passes.RenameDeclsUpperCase(RenameTargets.Any);
passes.FunctionToInstanceMethod();
}
public override void Preprocess(Driver driver, Library lib)
{
lib.SetClassAsValueType("Foo");
lib.SetNameOfFunction("FooAdd", "FooCalc");
lib.IgnoreClassField("Foo", "b");
}
static class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
ConsoleDriver.Run(new
Sample(LanguageGeneratorKind.CPlusPlusCLI));
ConsoleDriver.Run(new Sample(LanguageGeneratorKind.CSharp));
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/monkeyspace-2013-130724160404-phpapp02/85/Monkey-space-2013-45-320.jpg)
Monkey space 2013
- 1. What is new in Mono? July 2013 [email protected]
- 2. Agenda • Today: – What is new in Mono-land. – Major Work-in-Progress Projects • Tomorrow: – Brainstorming session – Future of Mono and .NET
- 3. MONO 3.2
- 4. Mono 3.2 • Core .NET 4.5 support – Base Class Libraries – C# 5 • Available today: – Desktop – Server – Mobile • 2.10.x is no longer supported
- 5. What is new in Mono 3.2 • Vastly improved SGen GC – Now the default! • Micro-optimizations – Mobile-driven • Consume PCL binaries • Shipping OSS Microsoft frameworks • New Mono frameworks
- 6. SGen Garbage Collector • Our Precise, generational collector • Now the default for Mono – “mono” now runs mono –gc=sgen – libmono is Boehm – libmono-sgen is Sgen • Sgen is now faster on almost every workload • MonoDevelop/Xamarin Studio – Been using it as a default since February
- 7. What is new? • Major collectors: – Copy collector (old, reference code) – Mark and Sweep • Minor collectors: – Now with support for cementing • Help game developers love GC • dtrace probes
- 8. Mark and Sweep • Dynamic heap by default – Can specify fixed heap if desired • Allocates blocks of memory to bucket sizes – Think of the spirit to “slab” allocation – Support changes in workloads with evacuation • Concurrent Marking, Lazy Sweeping
- 9. Disabling Major Collector New API on Mono.Runtime (mscorlib.dll) if (!Mono.Runtime.SetGCAllowSynchronousMajor (false)) Console.WriteLine ("Sorry, the GC won't cooperate."); // your low-latency code here Mono.Runtime.SetGCAllowSynchronousMajor (true); • Exposed on Mobile. • Use System.Reflection to find it on desktop editions.
- 10. dtrace probes on MacOS Major collections and minor collections pause times visualized http://schani.wordpress.com/2012/11/02/sgen-and-dtrace/
- 12. Static Compilation • For systems that don’t support JITing – Apple’s iOS devices – Consoles (PlayStation, Xbox) – Security: when not shipping IL • Limited generics support – Static analysis limitations – Some dynamisms in .NET idioms • LINQ and Value Types
- 13. “Attempting to JIT compile method” System.ExecutionEngineException: Attempting to JIT compile method Foo[]:Bar`1
- 14. “Attempting to JIT compile method” System.ExecutionEngineException: Attempting to JIT compile method Foo[]:Bar`1
- 15. iOS Development Improvements • Improve development cycle • Incremental Builds – Disable linker (compile everything) – Cache resulting native code aggressively • Incremental Upload – Only uploads changes – Main executable, libraries or resources
- 16. Incremental Deployment (With Build Caching) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Hello World Large App Seconds Old New Deployment times can now be as short as one second.
- 17. Incremental Deployment (With Build Caching) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Hello World Large App Seconds 6.2 6.4 Deployment times can now be as short as one second.
- 18. Build Speed Improvements 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Hello World Large App Seconds 6.2 6.4 6.4+Incremental
- 19. MICROSOFT OPEN SOURCE CODE
- 20. Now Bundled with Mono • Reactive Extensions – Possible on iOS with new code gen changes • F# everywhere • Razor • Entity Framework • ASP.NET WebStack
- 21. MonoDevelop Xamarin Studio MonoDevelop / Xamarin Studio MonoDevelop Core MonoDevelop Core Android Mac iOS Branding Add-In Open source Commercial
- 23. Cocos2D XNA • XNA port of the popular Cocos2D API – Over 4,000 games built with this API – Well documented, well known • MonoGame brings it everywhere – iOS, Android, Windows Phone (7 and 8) – Mac – Windows (GL, DX, , Windows Store) – Xbox360, Ouya – Play Station Mobile (PS Vita + Sony Androids)
- 24. Using Cocos2D XNA Today • Available as: – NuGet Packages – Templates for VS and Xamarin Studio • Source code: – http://github.com/mono/cocos2d-xna • Getting Started: – http://docs.xamarin.com/guides/cross-platform/cocos2d_xna
- 25. Angry Ninjas - Full Open Source Game https://github.com/xamarin/AngryNinjas
- 26. Cocos2D Crash Course • Mike Bluestein’s talk tomorrow
- 27. Xamarin.Mobile • Base class library for mobile services • Mike Bluestein’s talk
- 28. Xamarin.Auth • Clients for OAuth 1 and OAuth 2 – Includes variations • Stores user credentials • Support non-standard auth schemes • Cross Platform
- 29. Xamarin.Auth using Xamarin.Auth; var auth = new OAuth2Authenticator ( clientId: "App ID from https://developers.facebook.com/apps", scope: "", authorizeUrl: new Uri ("https://m.facebook.com/dialog/oauth/"), redirectUrl: new Uri ("http://www.facebook.com/connect/login_success.html")); auth.Completed += (sender, eventArgs) => { DismissViewController (true, null); if (eventArgs.IsAuthenticated) { // Use eventArgs.Account to do wonderful things } } PresentViewController (auth.GetUI (), true, null); // 1. Create the service
- 30. Xamarin.Social • Posts statuses, links, images/media to social networks – Access social network APIs using authenticated requests. – Automatically and securely store user credentials using Xamarin.Auth. – Cross Platform • Extensible, currently has support for: – App.net – Facebook – Flickr – Pinterest – Twitter
- 31. Using Xamarin.Social var facebook = new FacebookService { ClientId = MyFacebook_AppId RedirectUrl = new System.Uri (MyRedirectUrl) }; // 2. Create an item to share var item = new Item { Text = "Xamarin.Social is the bomb" }; item.Links.Add (new Uri ("http://github.com/xamarin/xamarin.social")); // 3. Present the UI on iOS var shareController = facebook.GetShareUI (item, result => { // result lets you know if the user shared the item or canceled DismissViewController (true, null); }); PresentViewController (shareController, true, null);
- 32. Now all Open Source • All frameworks: – Cocos2D XNA • http://github.com/mono/cocos2d-xna – Xamarin.Auth • http://github.com/xamarin/Xamarin.Auth – Xamarin.Mobile • http://github.com/xamarin/Xamarin.Mobile – Xamarin.Social • http://github.com/xamarin/Xamarin.Social • Taking patches!
- 33. WORK IN PROGRESS
- 34. PLAYSCRIPT
- 35. PlayScript • Started by Zynga – Xamarin working to integrate into Mono – Rescuing Flash Developers! • ActionScript look-alike language – Superset of ActionScript – With C# 5 features – Optional strongly-typed • Encouraged for performance
- 36. PlayScript Compiler • Dual Compiler – playsc foo.play • Compiles PlayScript to foo.exe – playsc bar.cs • Compiles C# to bar.exe – playsc foo.play bar.cs • Compiles PlayScript foo.play and C# bar.cs • Into foo.exe • Allows blending C# and PlayScript code in one assembly
- 37. PlayScript Compiler • Based on Mono’s C# compiler – Altered to accept PlayScript language • Side effects: – Compiler as a service support for PlayScript – Full Xamarin Studio integration • code completion • Docs • Project support
- 38. PlayScript Libraries • pscorlib – Provides core library for PlayScript/ActionScript • Flash Stage3D – GPU accelerated framework – Used by gaming frameworks
- 39. Ported Frameworks • Starling Framework • 2D Game Engine • Powers Angry Birds • Away3D • 3D Game Engine • Physics
- 40. PlayScript today • Compiles existing large ActionScript projects – Some missing language features – Actively working to improve language – Merging into Mono (playscript branch) – Everywhere Mono runs • On GitHub: – Project: http://github.com/playscript
- 41. C++ INTEROP
- 42. Evolving Cxxi • Couple of years ago Cxxi project was launched • Used GCC-XML to parse C++ definitions • Runtime creation of C# to C++ bridges – Reflection.Emit – Pluggable VTable ABIs
- 43. CppSharp • New C++ binding technology from Mono • Produces C# libraries to consume C++ code – Use Clang for higher fidelity – Static compilation (to support iOS, Consoles) – Customize binding for .NET consistency – Direct calls to C++ (no intermediate glue) – Imports C++ Doxygen docs into C# docs http://github.com/mono/CppSharp
- 44. Generating a binding Sources Generated Final Library Foo.dll libFoo.so C++ Headers C++ Source Foo.cs C++ Headers C# API Driver
- 45. public class Sample : ILibrary { public Sample(LanguageGeneratorKind kind) : base("Sample", kind) {} public override void SetupPasses(Driver driver, PassBuilder passes) { passes.RenameDeclsUpperCase(RenameTargets.Any); passes.FunctionToInstanceMethod(); } public override void Preprocess(Driver driver, Library lib) { lib.SetClassAsValueType("Foo"); lib.SetNameOfFunction("FooAdd", "FooCalc"); lib.IgnoreClassField("Foo", "b"); } static class Program { public static void Main(string[] args) { ConsoleDriver.Run(new Sample(LanguageGeneratorKind.CPlusPlusCLI)); ConsoleDriver.Run(new Sample(LanguageGeneratorKind.CSharp)); } }
- 46. NATIVE INTEROP
- 47. Assembly in C# • Allow developers to inline assembly code – Micro-optimizations – Optimize a code path – Use arch-specific features • You can not get more native than that.
- 48. Assembly in C# • Allow developers to inline assembly code – Micro-optimizations – Optimize a code path – Use arch-specific features
- 49. Example unsafe int Clear (IntPtr buffer, int count) { asm.BindIntPtr (0, buffer); asm.BindInt (1, count); asm.Emitx86 (@” push %ecx push %edi mov %eax,%edi mov %ebx,%ecx xor %eax,%eax rep stosb mov $1,%eax pop %edi pop %ecx ”); return asm.FetchInt (0); }
- 50. unsafe int Clear (IntPtr buffer, int count) { asm.BindIntPtr (0, buffer); asm.BindInt (1, count); asm.Emitx86 (@” push %ecx push %edi mov %eax,%edi mov %ebx,%ecx xor %eax,%eax rep stosb mov $1,%eax pop %edi pop %ecx ”); return asm.FetchInt (0); } In case there are any doubts
- 51. Example unsafe int Clear (IntPtr buffer, int count) { asm.BindIntPtr (0, buffer); asm.BindInt (1, count); asm.Emitx86 (@” push %ecx push %edi mov %eax,%edi mov %ebx,%ecx xor %eax,%eax rep stosb mov $1,%eax ”); return asm.FetchInt (0); } • Bind Parameters • Let Mono know which parameters you will pass
- 52. Example unsafe int Clear (IntPtr buffer, int count) { asm.BindIntPtr (0, buffer); asm.BindInt (1, count); asm.Emitx86 (@” push %ecx push %edi mov %eax,%edi mov %ebx,%ecx xor %eax,%eax rep stosb mov $1,%eax ”); return asm.FetchInt (0); } • Bind Parameters • Let Mono know which parameters you will pass • Assembly code as a string • Assembled by LLVM • Mono JIT Calling conventions
- 53. Example unsafe int Clear (IntPtr buffer, int count) { asm.BindIntPtr (0, buffer); asm.BindInt (1, count); asm.Emitx86 (@” push %ecx push %edi mov %eax,%edi mov %ebx,%ecx xor %eax,%eax rep stosb mov $1,%eax ”); return asm.FetchInt (0); } • Bind Parameters • Let Mono know which parameters you will pass • Assembly code as a string • Assembled by LLVM • Mono JIT Calling conventions • Fetch result value
- 54. Example unsafe int Clear (IntPtr buffer, int count) { asm.BindIntPtr (0, buffer); asm.BindInt (1, count); asm.Emitx86 (@” push %ecx push %edi mov %eax,%edi mov %ebx,%ecx xor %eax,%eax rep stosb mov $1,%eax ”); return asm.FetchInt (0); } • Bind Parameters • Let Mono know which parameters you will pass • Assembly code as a string • Assembled by LLVM • Mono JIT Calling conventions • Fetch result value
- 55. Passing parameters, extracting • Input parameters: – asm.BindXXX (int incomingParameter, XXX value); • Emit assembly code: – asm.Emit (string code) – Assembled with LLVM assembler – Injected into resulting assembly – Follow Mono native rules for preserving register usage • Output parameters: – asm.FetchXXX (int resultParamter)
- 56. How it works • Platform.Native.dll – Contains stub methods – Allows same source to build on .NET and Mono • Follow our previous efforts: – Like SIMD – On Mono, the runtime recognizes some calls
- 57. EmitXxx ignored for other platforms // Highly optimized native way of getting a native one! unsafe int GetOneConstant () { asm.Emitx86 (“mov $1,%eax”); asm.EmitArm (“mov r0,#1”); asm.Emitx64 (“mov $1,%rax”); return asm.FetchInt (0); } For more complex code, use asm.Arch: unsafe int GetOneConstant () { if (asm.Arch == Arch.x86) { asm.Emitx86 (“mov $1,%eax”); return asm.FetchInt (0); } else return 1; }
- 58. WHAT IS NEXT?
- 59. Future for Mono • Community feedback on features needed • Brainstorming session tomorrow! – Where should Mono and .NET go? – Bring your favorite feature request