Multilin™ Intelligent Line Monitoring System
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The document describes Multilin's Intelligent Line Monitoring System, which provides an end-to-end solution for monitoring overhead utility networks using advanced analytics. The system uses sensors, communications equipment, and software applications to analyze data and provide utilities with actionable intelligence on faults, maintenance needs, and line capacity. It helps utilities improve reliability, efficiency, and asset utilization.
Multilin™ Intelligent Line Monitoring System
- 1. Digital Energy Multilin Multilin™ Intelligent Line Monitoring System “Co s t e ffe c tive e nd -to -e nd s o lutio n d e liv e ring a c tio na ble inte llig e nc e thro ug h a d v a nc e d a na ly tic s ” Armando Portalanza – Genesys – PowerTech Mgr Eduardo Iglesias – GE EM DE GA LA – Sales Manager Jorge Quiroz – GE EM DE GA LA – Technical Solutions Edvaldo Mendonça – GE EM DE GA LA – Technical Solutions
- 2. Content • Why monitor Overhead Networks? What are the benefits? • Overview of the System • Software Applications • X-NET Software • T-NET Software • Monitoring Software • The Equipment & Installation • Q&A
- 3. Utility Challenges Why Monitor Overhead Networks? • Little visibility between substations and end customers • Most network problems (faults) occur on overhead network • AMI and Substation data only provides visibility of end points • Distributed intelligence across the MV network provides more visibility & opportunity for improving efficiency and reliability • Need to optimize use of assets in Medium voltage network • Enable the Network to Manage Distributed Generation
- 4. tility Challenges eliability & Efficiency challenges on OH Networks • Regulatory pressure to reduce outage time on distribution network Increasing penalties for every minute of outage on utility networks. Reduce SAIDI & CAIDI • Need to reduced truck roll time and dispatches for false notifications High cost of repair crews require while locating cause of outages Reduce CAIDI and repair crew costs • Capacity restrictions on Sub-transmission due to increase in Distributed Generation Capacity bottle necks requiring CAPEX spending to increase delivery capacity Reduce CAPEX spending • Detect locations causing non-technical losses on MV circuit Incurring non-technical losses in MV network due to the lack of visibility to narrow down problem locations Reduce cost of generation not able to bill for • Focus maintenance activity Identify ‘real’ problem areas of the network and target these sections for preventive maintenance Reduce cost of maintenance and correct problems before they turn into outages
- 5. ntelligent Line Monitoring Solution What is it? “End-to-End Solution with Advanced Analytics for Improved Reliability and Efficiency” • Sensors, Communications, Analytics, Visualization • Analysis of accurate, time coherent data • Server based Solution (Web accessible for pilots) • Actionable commands improving Reliability & Efficiency • Directs field crews to the location of faults • Targets where to next perform Maintenance • Advises on how much additional load throughput can be safely delivered through the conductors
- 6. Key Differentiators ntelligent Line Monitoring Solution ctionable Analytics Improving Reliability and Efficiency Fault Location Dynamic Line Rating Maintenance Planning •Automatically identifies fault location •Determines max safe loading of lines •Identifies lines indicating problems •Strategic notification to field crews •Determines Sag caused by loading •Prioritizes maintenance requirements
- 7. Solution Overview Sensor, Gateway, Communications, Operator Interface, Workforce Optimization Advanced data collection and processing for delivering tangible customer benefits: X-NET Software Application • Fault Location • Fault Signature as RMS values on a cycle by cycle basis • Fault Activity ‘Look Back’ Facility • Load Profiling • T-NET Software Application • Dynamic Line Rating Calculation • Sag Calculator • Ice Load Warning (RIME) • Weather Data Monitoring • Load Profiling
- 8. Multilin™ Intelligent Line Monitoring Solution System Architecture Analytical Applications •Fault location and Maintenance GPS Satellite planning (X-NET) provides timing reference •Dynamic Line Rating Calculation and Analysis Software (T-NET) Sensor Network Gateway •Collects Sensor Data and provides Backhaul Communications Line Sensors •Measures critical parameters of This installation constitutes the overhead lines and stores in it’s one “Node” on the network own buffer.
- 9. X-NET Fault Location & Analysis System
- 10. X-NET Application Key Differentiators Fault Location and Immediate Crew Dispatch Fault Location: The X-NET System reports the fault location, as the section of Network between the last Node that has seen the fault, and the first node on that feeder that has not seen the fault. The X-Net system detects and captures: • Earth Faults (In high and low impedance grounding treatments) • Short Circuits • Dropped phases Distribute d Currents • Cross Country faults (High impedance grounding) Time synched data is collected, aligned and analysed to determine the nature and location of the fault
- 11. X-NET Application Key Differentiators Fault Location on High Impedance Grounding Treatments In high impedance grounding treatments the real part of the fault current needs to be extracted to determine fault location. The X-Net Software uses the open delta voltage, measured by an SNG fitted at the substation, and synchs this with the fault current measurements captured by the Line Sensors. Sequence: • The sub-station SNG captures Change in ODV and sends it’s data back to the server with a time stamp. (20 cycles) • The server polls all line sensors for Distributed Currents their current data at the time of the event. (20 Cycles) Substation • The Server aligns the ODV data Open Delta with the current data at each node, voltage and determines the location of the fault. Time synched data is collected, aligned and analysed to determine the nature and location of the fault
- 12. X-NET Application Fault Notifications Remote Notifications and Access •Field crews notified through Email or SMS message enabling rapid mobilizing of repair teams. •Messaging directs remote teams to the Fault Location •Distinguishes between faults & transient events and only notifies of outages >1 minute in length (user configurable) •Remote web devices allows field operators to analyse the data captured during fault • Laptop computer • I PAD • Smart Phone Email Notification Management •Cell numbers and email addresses are managed and set up in the System Console •Roster schedules can be updated by the administrator and new contacts added and removed
- 13. X-NET Application Synchronization - key benefits Grounding Treatments •Detects faults on both high & low impedance grounding •Uses wide area time synchronization to deliver time aligned fault data. Local Synchronization: •Sensor sampling on each phase are time synchronized •Synchronization achieves local phase relationship, determines sequence currents and enriches the data. W Area Synchronization: ide •All sensors can trigger network wide fault uploads •X-NET software will analyze fault reports from Sensors •Wide area analysis is performed for delivering the location of fault.
- 14. X-NET Application Key Differentiators Prioritization of Overhead Line Maintenance Maintenance Prioritization: • Directs crews to where maintenance is needed • De-prioritize sections of lines not showing indication of problems • Guide Maintenance work required by the type of faults occurring. Repetitive transient faults indicative of: • Need of tree trimming • Salt buildup • Aging equipment
- 15. X-NET Customer Application ESB Networks, Ireland About ESB Networks •Distribution arm of ESB Ireland •Serving 2.2 million customers •A mixture of Hi-Z and Low-Z grounding treatments Fault Location System Experience •Installed X-NET system in 2009 to monitor 10 circuits (60 Sensors) •Email and SMS messages sent directly to field crews at the respective locations •Over 100 events captured and every notification was found to be an actual event •Awarded contract to expand rollout of GE solution in 2013 installing over 1800 sensor locations •Integration of X-Net software into ESB’s DMS systems underway.
- 16. T-NET Dynamic Line Rating System “Improving line capacity”
- 17. Key Differentiators T-NET Application Maximizing Line Capacity SAG at 200 Amps SAG at 600 Amps Ensures Safety Tolerances are Maintained Height • Identifies ‘real time’ current carrying capability at each node. • Identifies maximum capacity before line sag causes safety issues • Provides operators with visualization of additional line carrying capability & ground clearance Drivers for increasing Line Capacity • Distributed Generation • Tighter control of Capex • Asset utilization/optimization
- 18. Key Differentiators T-NET Application Methodology for Rating Overhead Lines Static Line Rating Methodology •Traditional method for determining circuit capacity ratings •Calculation based on characteristics of conductor, line design and determined at time of installation. •Do not take real time conditions in determining capacity limits •Tend to underestimate capacity thus not delivering full value of installed assets Static Rating Calculations Dynamic Line Rating Methodology •Utilizes Real-Time information to augment line sag calculations to maximize usage of available capacity •Real time information used can include: • Local weather conditions • Line loading conditions • Conductor Temperature Dynamically Rated Line
- 19. T-NET Application Dynamic Line Rating – Technical Approaches Distributed W eather and Substation load Data Approach: •Uses static information (conductor size) and real time measurements to estimate max loading that will not create unsafe Sag of lines •Utilizes weather and load information to estimate conductor temp. Distributed Load and Conductor Temperature Approach: •Directly measures the temperature and load of the conductor •Uses measurement in multiple locations to find capacity bottlenecks Hybrid Approach: (Used by GE Line Monitoring System) •Uses a combination of distributed weather, load, and conductor temperature data •Uses the Hybrid approach to provide operators with critical information to maximize the capacity of their assets •Delivers a low cost solution that optimizes capacity, and delivers a conductor clearance safeguard
- 20. Key Differentiators T-NET Application Maximizing Efficiency & Throughput Identifies & Quantifies Capacity bottlenecks • Incorporates cooling and heating effects due to topology and terrain • Provides operators with visualization of additional line current carrying capability & the impact on sag & safety • Suitable for networks up to 140kV Topography and line orientation have a significant impact on the current carrying capacity of each segment of the line
- 21. T-NET Application Operator Interfaces Enabling Optimum Utilization Display of Real-time rating of line Line Sag Calculations •Location on the line with capacity bottleneck •Calculates line sag at each measured location •Current line loading •Additional sag measured due to heating conditions •Maximum capacity at bottleneck location • Loading •Additional current capacity that the line can support • Weather conditions • Terrain Effects •Clearance of Line to ground
- 22. T-NET Application Dynamic Line Rating Algorithms • The T-NET Software calculates the real time rating using the Cigre Model • Based on data reports at ≥ 1 minute intervals from each of the deployed nodes on the circuit • The Operator interface displays three values; the present load, rating, and available spare capacity. Values analyzed in Rating Algorithms: • Maximum conductor temperature • Temperature coefficient of resistance • Conductor type • Ambient temperature • Speed and angle of attack of the wind • Diameter of conductor and Outer Wire • DC Resistance at 20°C • Solar Radiation • AC resistance • Latitude and Elevation above sea level • When network changes are made, utilities can modify the settings on a node by node basis.
- 23. T-NET Application Operator Interfaces Tracking of local W eather Conditions Ice Load W arnings (RIME) •Identifies local climate conditions affecting •Location on lines with greatest potential for Icing operation or safety of the lines •Enables the mobilizing of crews for potential •Historical reference for predicting how weather conductor clearance and damage conditions will affect line operating parameters (predict future line load capability)
- 24. T-NET Customer Application Scottish Power, North Wales About Scottish Power •70,000 km of underground cables •46,000 km of overhead lines •Over 30 fully operational wind farms Dynamic Line rating System Experience •Capacity bottleneck between large wind farm and sub-transmission network •Planned to add 2 new sub-transmission lines to support wind farm expansion •Installed T-Net system and monitored during summer period (peak capacity period) •Identified that static rating of sub-transmission lines did not account for actual cooling effects and existing line did not reach temperature defined by static ratings •line rarely exceeded 32 degrees Celsius •Reduced number of new subtransmission lines to be build from 2 down to 1
- 25. T-NET Customer Application NPG, England About NPG •Northern Powergrid is an electricity distribution business, delivering electricity to 3.8 million domestic and business customers. •The network consists of more than 31,000 substations and around 91,000 kilometres of overhead line and underground cables. Dynamic Line rating System Experience •Deployed the T-NET System at 4 sites on the 20kV Network. •The objective was to compare dynamic rating v static rating in these 4 diverse sites. •NPGs findings were comprehensive. •Every site showed a large capacity surplus above static rating*: • Site 1. Scar Brae +27.5% • Site 2. Eglingham +62.1% • Site 3. Whitehouse +37.9% • Site 4. Broxfield +74.1% • Add what is the impact to NPGs as a result of this *Figures courtesy of Durham University March-May Data Analysis.
- 26. Additional Benefits of GE’s Intelligent Line Monitoring System
- 27. Line Load Monitoring X-NET & T-NET The Value of Network Monitoring • Provides accurate and valuable network information to multiple utility users: • Planners • Field Personnel • Network Engineers • Addition Network Reports available for all monitored lines: • Historical Individual Phase Current Loading • Positive and Negative Sequence Currents • Conductor Temperature * • Wind Speed and Direction** • Ambient Temperature, Solar Radiation Dew Point ** * Requires Sensors with Temp Probes ** Requires Weather Stations
- 28. Line Load Monitoring Value of Network Monitoring Planners •The Capacity of the Circuit being monitored can be analysed to capture on critical spans. •These spans can then be targeted for conductor re-enforcement, to achieve overall network capacity uplift Field Personnel Graphs display monitored data at each node •Local access to individual phase load assists in improving phase selection for new tap offs or repairs, and improves loading balance throughout the network. Network Engineers •The use of load profiling is very useful as an indicator of consumption changes or patterns, giving an early detection of non technical losses. Graphs display phase loading and sequence currents at each node
- 30. System Building Blocks FMC-T6 Line Sensor • Suitable for O/H voltages from 480 V to 140 kV • Two versions available – max 300A and max 600A • Conductor temperature monitoring (optional) • Fits conductors from 10mm to 28mm in diameter • Can be installed by hot-stick or hot-glove. • Powered directly by the line • 48 hour battery backup when current falls below minimum charging levels (10A for 300A version, 30A for 600A Version) • Synchronized current measurement at 1.6kHz (Magnitude & Angle) • Short range 2.4Ghz communications to gateway • 80 minutes or recording of current measurements @ 1.6kHz
- 31. System Building Blocks SNG – Sensor Network Gateway • Communications Gateway for linking the Line Sensors and Weather Station with the System Console. • Supports 2 circuits with up to 6 Sensors • Can be mounted up to 30M from line sensors • Wired communication to weather station • Backhaul communications to System Console over GPRS • GPS Synchronizes the sensors to within 20 microseconds • Powered by a 100V/250V AC Supply or by a 30W solar panel (at latitudes of less than 55° N/S).
- 32. System Building Blocks System Console & Applications • Secure operator interface web application • Data collection and Data Management • Application Configuration and System Maintenance • Accessible through laptops, tablets, and smart phones • Available as hosted service for Pilot installations • Two key analytical applications • X-NET – Fault location and Analysis System • T-NET – Dynamic Line Rating System
- 33. Installation MDS WiYZTM FMC-T6 Line Sensor • Installs in minutes using Hot-Stick or Hot Glove. • If a Sensor with a conductor temperature probe is being used: • Thermal compound is used to adhere probe tip to conductor • Tip of temperature probe is tied to the conductor. (Specified in the user manual) • Sensors commence operation as soon as they are closed around the conductor • Sensors indicate they are functioning via a small flashing LED
- 34. Installation Installation MDS WiYZTM SNG (Sensor Network Gateway) • Mounted within 30 meters of the Line Sensors. • For Direct Supply power option • Connect 100V/250V AC to the power terminals • For Solar Powered Option • Mount 30W Panel using provided bracket • Connect to regulator terminals inside SNG • For ODV Input on High Impedance Grounded Systems • Connect Substation Open Delta Voltage to terminals inside SNG • Insert data enabled GPRS SIM card into the SNGs modem
- 35. Installation MDS WiYZTM Sensor Location Recommendations Distribution Substation Fault Location •Denser deployment at head of the feeder, nodes spaced further apart moving down the feeder •After junction points for detecting path to fault Dynamic Line Rating •Placed in locations where the line changes direction •Where there are sheltering effects from hills or structures •Recommendation for nodes to be at least every 5 km GE is able to assist in the deployment strategy and can provide a number of services: • Network Survey • Node Deployment Strategy • Server Hosting
- 36. Application Software Installation MDS WiYZTM Configuration System Console • Easy-to-use configuration through system console software • Divides the Network up into Nodes of sensors • A node is a set of 3 line Sensors (and Weather Station if installed) • Nodes are labeled as per utility standards • Easy to understand network schematic of the Network is automatically generated • The System Console can sit in a Customers Server within the Customer’s IT Network System Console develops nodes of sensors • GE provides a hosted Service for pilot installations into application diagrams used for automated network monitoring
- 37. Wrap-up Q&A
Editor's Notes
- #14: Grounding Treatments/Synchronization Overview: Utilities use various types of Grounding treatments, and these can be generally classified as high impedance and low impedance. In some cases, Utilities use a mixture of grounding treatments in separate parts of their networks. The GE System captures faults in both of these grounding treatments, and fundamental to meeting this challenge is accurate timing synchronization. The timing synchronization works in two distinct ways, that is applicable to both types of grounding treatments. Local Synchronization: Unlike underground cables, MV overhead networks have little opportunity to use core balanced CTs to capture ground faults. When Sensors are mounted on separate phases, each sensor that forms a set of three must be time synchronized to each other to achieve their correct phase relationship. This technique, when it is part of an overall network Synchronization, makes a much more valuable source of data, for example in determining sequence currents and correcting imbalance. Network Synchronization: In high impedance grounding treatments it is necessary to get a feeder reference Voltage to compare the phase of the distributed fault currents at each node. This extracts the real part of the fault current, and delivers directional fault information at each node. In order for this to work, the Voltage reference monitoring device needs to be in accurate time synchronization with the Overhead Line Current Sensors. An SNG (the same device that is used with the line Sensors), is installed in the feeder substation, and has a dedicated ODV input to capture this Voltage reference.
- #16: The T-NET Software, utilizes the data delivered from deployed Sensors and weather stations to increase circuit rating. The hybrid approach of using conductor temperature, load and distributed weather data, delivers the most accurate method of safely increasing circuit capacity. Static or Seasonal rating has been the standard in circuit capacity ratings for many years, but static rating techniques are not efficient, as they do not take into account the prevailing conditions that impact on real time rating. Capturing the correct capacity of circuits is critical in two distinct ways. Underestimating capacity means that assets are being underutilized, and are not delivering full value for their cost. Overestimating capacity creates unsafe conditions due to ground clearance issues. Static rating does not deal with either of these issues. Capacity calculation based on real time influences such as weather and conductor temperature, is generally described as Dynamic Line Rating, and will increase circuit capacity, while at the same time safeguard against clearance problems. The T-NET Software has been designed to optimize circuit capacity and clearance safety on circuits up to 140kV. It achieves this by utilizing all of the influencing ambient data, such as wind speed and direction, as well as the fundamental factor, which is the temperature of the conductor.
- #20: The T-NET Software uses the combination approach of distributed weather data, load and conductor temperature and is the most cost effective and comprehensive way to deliver dynamic line rating. It enables the rating algorithms to become dynamic in their own right, as the conductor temperature measurement provides a calibration input to the algorithm to correct the thermal changes to the static values of the conductor over time, and uses the weather data to facilitate short term forecasting of rating. The conductor temperature input also delivers further value, as it delivers a line sag application. The combination of weather with distributed conductor load/temperature data is what the T-NET Software uses, and it delivers a low cost solution that optimizes capacity, and delivers a ground to conductor clearance safeguard.
- #25: The T-NET Software, utilizes the data delivered from deployed Sensors and weather stations to increase circuit rating. The hybrid approach of using conductor temperature, load and distributed weather data, delivers the most accurate method of safely increasing circuit capacity. Static or Seasonal rating has been the standard in circuit capacity ratings for many years, but static rating techniques are not efficient, as they do not take into account the prevailing conditions that impact on real time rating. Capturing the correct capacity of circuits is critical in two distinct ways. Underestimating capacity means that assets are being underutilized, and are not delivering full value for their cost. Overestimating capacity creates unsafe conditions due to ground clearance issues. Static rating does not deal with either of these issues. Capacity calculation based on real time influences such as weather and conductor temperature, is generally described as Dynamic Line Rating, and will increase circuit capacity, while at the same time safeguard against clearance problems. The T-NET Software has been designed to optimize circuit capacity and clearance safety on circuits up to 140kV. It achieves this by utilizing all of the influencing ambient data, such as wind speed and direction, as well as the fundamental factor, which is the temperature of the conductor.
- #26: The T-NET Software, utilizes the data delivered from deployed Sensors and weather stations to increase circuit rating. The hybrid approach of using conductor temperature, load and distributed weather data, delivers the most accurate method of safely increasing circuit capacity. Static or Seasonal rating has been the standard in circuit capacity ratings for many years, but static rating techniques are not efficient, as they do not take into account the prevailing conditions that impact on real time rating. Capturing the correct capacity of circuits is critical in two distinct ways. Underestimating capacity means that assets are being underutilized, and are not delivering full value for their cost. Overestimating capacity creates unsafe conditions due to ground clearance issues. Static rating does not deal with either of these issues. Capacity calculation based on real time influences such as weather and conductor temperature, is generally described as Dynamic Line Rating, and will increase circuit capacity, while at the same time safeguard against clearance problems. The T-NET Software has been designed to optimize circuit capacity and clearance safety on circuits up to 140kV. It achieves this by utilizing all of the influencing ambient data, such as wind speed and direction, as well as the fundamental factor, which is the temperature of the conductor.