Multiplatform C++ on the Web with Emscripten
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Chad Austin discusses IMVU's decision to use Emscripten to create a single C++ engine for web and mobile platforms. He explains the benefits of Emscripten's translation of LLVM to JavaScript for web applications, despite some performance trade-offs. The document also highlights benchmarking methodologies and preferences for build systems when compiling code.
Multiplatform C++ on the Web with Emscripten
- 1. Hi, my name is Chad Austin, and I’m here to tell you about what led IMVU to select Emscripten as a key part of our strategy to have a single C++ engine across all platforms, including web browsers. 1
- 2. LLVM is an open source compiler infrastructure, mostly commonly used as the foundation of the clang C/C++ compiler. Emscripten translates LLVM into JavaScript suitable for web browsers. 2
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- 7. IMVU is a place where members use 3D avatars to meet new people, chat, and play games. 7
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- 9. Today IMVU is a downloadable application for Windows and Mac. 9
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- 12. Making best use of the hardware is key on mobile devices. 12
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- 17. My testing methodology: run the benchmark in all compilers with all optimization settings and pick the fastest. 17
- 18. At this point, I’m willing to pay a reduction in performance in order to have a single C++ engine codebase. 18
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- 20. Same benchmark as before for comparison purposes. 20
- 21. asm.js is a big win. (But lack of SIMD makes it still slower than native.) 21
- 22. So let’s look at a benchmark that doesn’t rely so much on SIMD. 22
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- 31. Note the excessive redundancy of the generated code. After Emscripten runs, a series of JavaScript optimizers transform the generated code until it looks like this: 31
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- 38. Note that LLVM has no high-level control flow, just branch instructions. 38
- 39. Naive translation to JS results in an infinite loop containing a switch. In effect, implementing goto. 39
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- 47. Another reason we prefer SCons over emcc is in the case where a change to some C++ doesn’t necessarily modify the generated code. In that case, emcc would attempt to relink, the slowest part, whereas SCons would know that the linker inputs haven’t changed and finish the build early. 47
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- 49. Engine.min.js is the most important build, but it’s painful to build and work with. Engine.debug.js is ideal for debugging, but still takes time to build. Engine.iteration.js is for running unit tests. 49
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- 54. Pointer_stringify is a helper that takes the char* address and creates a JS string from the heap. 54
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