MUTATION BREEDING - A NEW ERA OF SCIENCE
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- 2. WHAT IS MUTATION? A mutation is a change in the amount,arrangement or structure of the DNA of an organism or changes in genetic material of an organism. ##why does mutation occur???.......1/30/2017 2
- 3. Reasons Behind Mutation 1/30/2017 3 Chemically or by physical agentsNaturally e.g., replication error
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- 6. Changes in genetic constitution of an organism changes it for good. It causes several abnormalities in organisms like plant or animal. It is a major reason behind genetical diseases. Like huntington disease, cystic fibrosis, sickel cell anemia etc and even DEATH. 1/30/2017 6
- 7. 1/30/2017 NO… We can use it to make our life better 7
- 8. The ultimate use of mutation… 1/30/2017 8
- 9. What is mutation breeding? The breeding that is done artificially by induced mutation is known as mutation breeding. What is breeding? Breeding is when the animal/plant is specifically chosen by humans to create a special offspring 1/30/2017 This method is specially used in plant breeding for crop improvement 9
- 10. Induced mutation A mutation that is produced by treatment with a physical or chemical agent that affects the deoxyribonucleic acid molecules of a living organism. 1/30/2017 10
- 11. Mutagen The chemical and physical agents are used for induced mutation is known as mutagen 1/30/2017 11
- 12. There are two types of mutagen Chemical mutagen 1. Alkylatic agents: MNU, ENU, DMS, EMS etc. 2. Azide, nitrous acid, antibiotics, base analogues etc. 1/30/2017 12
- 13. And the other is….. Physical mutagen 1. X-rays, gamma rays 2. Neutrons, beta particles, alpha particacles etc. Note: in mutation breeding the gamma radiation technique is done at ATOMIC GARDEN . 1/30/2017 Fig: Atomic garden 13
- 15. Mutagen treatement • These parts of a plant are used for mutagen treatement: seeds, pollen grains, corns, bulb, vegtative propagules, complete plant. • Mutagens generally induce a high frequency of chromosomal changes and meiotic and mitotic irregularities. • Mutagen Treatments • reduces germination • growth rate • vigour & • fertility 1/30/2017 15
- 16. ACIEVMENTS IN MUTATION BREEDING Mutation destroys our life but modern science turns it into blessing. Followings are some prove of them. vaccinated banana Scientists have developed a variety which can be use as vaccine for hepatitis-B and cholera 1/30/2017 16
- 17. ACIEVMENTS IN MUTATION BREEDING Purple tomatoes Recently purple colored tomato has been introduced which is rich in antioxident 1/30/2017 17
- 18. ACIEVMENTS IN MUTATION BREEDING Pollution plant These plant can consume more than 90% of the pollutants in the air and groundwater whereas normal plant only consume 3% to 4% 1/30/2017 18
- 19. ACIEVMENTS IN MUTATION BREEDING in bangladesh In Bangladesh more than 44 mutant varieties belonging to 12 different crops species have been released through mutation breeding. BINA in mymenshingh is the primary centre for mutation breeding. 1/30/2017 19
- 20. 1/30/2017 Fig: a chart showing roles of mutation breeding in our life 20
- 21. THE END…. THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENCE 1/30/2017 21