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MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS-
- 1. ETIOLOGY OF TUBERCULOSIS DR.P.HEMA SUGANYA M.D. (MICROBIOLOGY)
- 2. CONTENT HISTORY MORPHOLOGY structure of cell wall Acid fast bacilli CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS RESISTANCE ANTIGENIC PROPERTIES
- 4. TUBERCULOSIS- OLDESTDISEASE Aristotle said 354-322 BC – “When one comesnear consumptives… one doescontracttheir disease… The reason is that the breath is bad and heavy…In approaching the consumptive, one breathes this pernicious air.One takes the disease because in this air there is somethingdisease producing.”
- 5. ROBERT KOCH- KOCH’S BACILLI
- 6. TUBERCULOSIS KILLS NOTONLY POOR BUT RICH AND FAMOUS
- 8. 8 WHATARE MYCOBACTERIA? • Fungus like bacteria • Obligate aerobes grows high oxygen content, such as the lungs. • Facultative intracellular pathogens usually infecting mononuclear phagocytes – Obligate parasites – Opportunist pathogens – Saprophytes
- 9. MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS COMPLEX M.tuberculosis(human tubercle bacilli) M.bovis (bovine tubercle bacilli) M.caprae M.africanum M.microtti M.pinnipedii M.canetti
- 10. MORPHOLOGY OF M.TB Slowgrowing, aerobic, non motile , non sporing, Noncapsulated .weakly Gram positive • Straight, slightly curved Rod shaped 3 x 0.3microns • May be single, in pairs or in small clumps
- 11. CELL WALL OF M.TB
- 13. ACID FAST STAINING 13 • Primary stain binds cell wall mycolic acids • Intense decolorization does not release primary stain from the cell wall of AFB • Color of AFB-based on primary stain • Counterstain provides contrasting background
- 14. ACID FAST BACILLI –ZEIHL NEELSON STAINSTAINING 1 4
- 15. ACID FAST BACILLI SEEN AS IN FLUORESCENT MICROSCOPE Dr.T.V.Ra o MD 1 5
- 16. MTB : CULTURAL CHARACTERS • Grow slowly. Generation time 14-15 hrs • aerobic • > 2 weeks minimal required period • Grows at 370c do not grow below 250c or above 400c . • Phbetween 6.4 to 7.0 16
- 17. SOLID MEDIA LIQUID MEDIA LOWENSTEIN –JENSEN MEDIA EGG BASED- PETRAGNINI, DORSET BLOOD BASED- TARSHIS SERUM BASED – LOEFFLER POTATO BASED- PAWLOWSKY DUBO’S MIDDLEBROOKS PROSKAUER, BECKS, SULA SAUTONS
- 18. Lowenstein Jensen Medium Selective. Always in screw capped bottle. Bluish Green. Contains – Egg protein – Solidifying agent Mineral salts – Mg Sulphate, Mg citrate Asparagine Malachite Green – Selective agent Sterilized by - Inspissation 1 8
- 19. ON LIQUID MEDIUM o 19 • Appearas long serpentine cords in liquid medium • Avirulent strains grow in a more dispersed manner.
- 20. BIOCHEMICAL TESTS • NIACIN TEST • ARYL SULPHATASE TEST • CATALASE- PEROXIDASE TEST • NITRATE REDUCTION TEST • AMIDASE TEST • PYRAZINAMIDASE TEST • INHIBITION BY T2H • NEUTRAL RED TEST • TWEEN 80 HYDROLYSIS
- 21. 2 1 RESISTANCE OF MYCOBACTERIUM • Mycobacterium are killed at 600c in 15 – 20 mt • In sputum they survive for 20-30hrs& in Droplets for 8 – 10 days. • Killed by Glutaraldehyde and Formaldehyde • Ethanol is suitable disinfectant to superficial surfaces and skin gloves
- 22. 2 2 RESISTANCE • Culture At room temp- 6-8 mths -20c – 2 yrs • Survive in 5% phenol,15% Sulphuric acid 3% Nitric acid,5% oxalic acid, 4% Sodium hydroxide
- 24. CYTOPLASMIC(SOLUBLE) ANTIGEN Antigen 5 Antigen 6 Antigen 60 Cord factor, or trehalose dimycolate, is a glycolipid molecule found in the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis prevents phagosome lysosome fusion
- 25. SUMMARY Mycobacterium Tuberculosis- Robert Koch Obligate Aerobes,intracellular pathogen Acid Fast Bacilli Slow Grower Culture Media – Solid & Liquid Biochemical Test Resistance Virulence Factor
- 26. POVERTY AND CROWDED LIVING SPREADS TUBERCULOSIS Dr.T.V.Ra o MD 26
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