NANO PARTICLES FOR DRUG DELIVERY.pptx

NANO PARTICLES FOR DRUG DELIVERY.pptx

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  NANOPARTICLES FOR DRUGDELIVERY PRESENTED BY MOUPARNA MUDI DEPT. OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY ,MAKAUT ,WB
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  AGENDA  INTRODUCTION  TYPESOF NANOPARTICLES  NANOPARTICLES FOR DRUG DELIVERY  DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND NANO DRUG DELIVERY  ADVANTAGES  SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TARGETED NANOPARTICLES  PRIORITY AREAS  RECENT DEVELOPMENTS  CONCLUSIONS  ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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  INTRODUCTION-  NANOPARTICLES-Nanoparticles areparticles made of natural or synthetic polymers ranging in size from 50-500 nm. nanoparticles may find practical applications in a variety of areas, including medicine, engineering, catalysis, and environmental remediation.  Drug delivery-Drug delivery is the method or process of administering a pharmaceutical compound to achieve a therapeutic effect in humans or animals. For the treatment of human diseases, nasal and pulmonary routes of drug delivery are gaining increasing importance.
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  Types of nanoparticles- thereare so many types of nanoparticles but in drug delivery system some specific are usable.which are given below-  Gold nanoparticles for drug delivery and cancer therapy  Ph-responsive polymer nanoparticles for drug delivery  Mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug delivery  PLA nanoparticles as drug delivery for dermatotherapy
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  What and whynanoparticles are used in drug delivery system-  High surface area to volume ratio .  able to interact with biomolecules on the surface of cells .  Absorbs drugs well.  Able to diffuse through the body well.  The use of nanoparticles allows one to change the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug without changing the active compound. Advantages of nanoparticles-  Less amount of dose required  Reduces side effects  Reduce toxicity  Release drugs in controlled manner.  Suitable encapsulation
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  Components of DDS nanodrug delivery system Structure – based • Microneedle arrays through skin painlessly • Microneedle patch for vaccine delivery. Electrically- based • Electrically controlled drug delivery nanocomposit e composed of graphene oxide deposited inside a conducting polymer. Vehicle-based • Nanosponges are a promising vehicle in treating cancer. • Relesing medication at the tumor site at a steady ,controlled site. Tergating strategies • Plant virus nanoparticles that can target prostate cancer cells.
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  Process of workingof nanoperticles to targeted tissues- Normal blood cells- • Cell walls have tight junctions with spaces smaller than the Nanoperticle. • Nanoparticle carrying drug is not able to enter ,preventing toxicity to normal tissues. Cancerous blood cells- • Cell walls are dilated with large gaps (200-120)&compromised Lymphatic drainage. • Highly permeable for nanoperticles upto 400nm to enter And preferentially accumble at tumor sites.
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  Schemetic diagram forthe development of targeted nanoperticles- • Using a platform technology we first generate an activated nanoparticle. • In a second reaction the targeting agent antibodies is conjugated to the outer surface of the nanoparticle with the help of linkers. • The nanoparticle now produced is ready for its specific target.
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  MODE OF ACTION targeted nanoparticle finds the specific cellular target .  The nanoparticle binds to surface of the cell • if the target is internalized the nanoparticle is carried to the intracellular environment. • If the target is not internalized the delivery system has been engineered to release the nanoparticle at the surface of the cell allowing for endocytosis to occur.
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  Enhanced permeability andretention effect (EPR) effect Nanoparticle entry and accumulation in tumors PEGylated particles ,in the desired size range ,leaks out of the microvasculature and accumulates into the tumor site. Insufficient lymphatic drainage favors retention of PEGylated particles within the tumor site.
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  NANOBIOPHARMACEUTICALS Nanobiopharmaceutics is theapplication of nanotechnology into the world of medicine. It is an inter-disciplinary field involving the usage of nanoparticles to deliver biopharmaceutical products into the body. It involves knowledge from nanobiotechnology, biotechnology and biopharmaceutics.
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  applications of nanoparticlein drug delivery  Cancer therapy -The type of therapy used to treat cancer patients today, has saved lives of many individuals; however, the side effects of treatment are harsh, affecting the entire body.  Diagnostic testing- Recently, theranostic nanoparticles, nanoparticles that can be used for treatment as well as diagnoses have gain much attentionnon-specificity of the chemotherapeutic agents.  HIV &AIDS – Nanoparticles recently used in HIV& AIDS treatment.
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  Recent developments andfuture scope- Nanotechnology researchers have made novel carbon nanotube yarns that convert mechanical movement into electricity more effectively than other material-based energy ..
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  References- Pison U, WelteT, Giersing M, Groneberg DA: Nanomedicine for respiratory diseases. Eu J Pharmacology 2006, 533: 341–350. 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.12.068 Brannon-Peppase L, Blanchette JQ: Nanoparticle and targeted systems for cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2004, 56(11):1649–1659. 10.1016/j.addr.2004.02.014 Stylios GK, Giannoudis PV, Wan T: Applications of nanotechnologies in medical practice. Injury 2005, 36: S6-S13. 10.1016/j.injury.2005.10.011 Yokoyama M: Drug targeting with nano-sized carrier systems. J Artif Organs 2005, 8(2):77–84. 10.1007/s10047-005-0285-0
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  Conclusions- nano drug deliverysystems hold great potential to overcome some of the barriers to efficient targeting of cells and molecules in inflammation and cancer. There also is an exciting possibility to overcome problems of drug resistance in target cells and to facilitating movement of drugs across barriers such as those in the brain. The challenge, however, remains the precise characterization of molecular targets and to ensure that these molecules are expressed only in the targeted organs to prevent effects on healthy tissues.
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  Acknowledgement – I wouldlike to be very thankful to my guide ,project incharge DR.ARIJIT BAG sir, my HOD and all my respective professors for supporting me to complete my project work.