NANO ROBOTICS IN MEDICAL APPLICATION

Nano Robotics in Medical Applications
By
SATHISHKUMAR G
(sathishsak111@gmail.com)

Nanorobotics:
 Nanorobotics is the technology of creating
machines or robots at or close to the
microscopic scale of a nanometer(10-9
meters).
 It is mainly composed of carbon in the
form of diamond and fullerence.

Nanorobot Inspiration:
 Assuming the nanorobot is ’ nt tethered or
designed to float passively through the
bloodstream , it will need a means of
propulsion to get around the body.
 Because it may have to travel against the
flow of blood , the propulsion system has to
be relatively strong for its size.
 Another important consideration is the safety
of the patient , the system must be able to
move the nanorobot around without causing
damaging to the host.

Working Of Nano robots:
 Imagine Going to the Doctor to get
treatment for a persistent fever . Instead of
giving you a pill or a shot , the doctor
refers you to a special medical team which
implants a tiny robot into your
bloodstream.
 The robot detects the cause of your fever ,
travels to the appropriate system and
provides a dose of medication directly to
the infected area.

Nanorobot Navigation:
 There are three main considerations
scientists need to focus on when looking at
nanorobots moving through the body
navigation , power and how the nanorobots
will move through blood vessels.
 Nanotechnologists are looking at different
options for each of these considerations ,
each of which has positive and negative
aspects.
 Most options can be divided into one of two
categories: External systems and onboard
systems.

Powering the Nanorobot:
 Just like the navigation systems ,
nanotechnologists are considering both
external and internal power sources.
 Some designs rely on the nanorobot using
the patient’s own body as a way of
generating power. Other designs include a
small power source on board the robots
itself.
 Finally, Some designs use forces outside
the patient’s body to power the nanorobot.

 Nanorobots could get power directly from
the bloodstream. Another option is to create
chemical reactions with blood to burn it for
energy.
 A Nanorobot could use the patient’s body
heat to create power, but there would need
to be a gradient of temperatures to manage
it. Power generation would be a result of the
Seebeck effect.
 The Seebeck effect occurs when two
conductors made of different metals are
joined at two points that are kept at two
different temperatures.

 The metal conductors become a
thermocouple, meaning that they generate
voltage when the junctions are at different
temperatures.
 While it might be possible to create batteries
small enough to fit inside a nanorobot , they
aren’t generally seen as a viable power sorce.
A more likely candidate is a capacitor, which
has a slightly better power-to-weight ratio.
 Another possibility for nanorobot power is to
use a nuclear power source.

 The wire would need to be strong, but it
would also need to move effortlessly
through the human body without causing
damage.
 A Physical tether could supply power
either by electricity or optically.
 Optical systems use light through fiber
optics, which would then need to be
converted into electricity on board the
robot.

Importance Of Nanorobotics For
Health:
 Breaking up of Blood Clots.
 Treating Arteriosclerosis.
 Fighting Cancer.
 Gout.
 Breaking Up Kidney Stones.

Nanorobots: Today and Tomorrow
 Teams around the world are working on creating
the first practical medical nanorobot.
 Robots ranging from a millimeter in diameter to a
relatively hefty two centimeters long already
exist, though they are all still in the testing phase
of development and haven’t been used on
people.
 We’re probably several years away from seeing
nanorobots enter the medical market.
 Today’s microrobots are just prototypes that lack
the ability to perform medical tasks.

Applications:
 Nanorobots in the Diagnosis and Treatment
of Diabetes.
 Nanorobots in Cancer Detection and
Treatment.
 Nanorobots in Surgery.
 Atomic Scope Microscope.
 Nanomachines.
 Toxicity Detectors.
 Single Molecule Car.
 Nubots.

Advantages:
 Rapid elimination of disease.
 Nanorobot might function at the atomic and
molecular level to build devices. Machines or
circuits known molecular manufacturing.
 In Medical field we will have microscopic
robots floating in our blood streams fighting
against cancer cells, AIDS HIV virus and
genetic disorders or even ageing.
 Nanorobots will be able to monitor neuro -
electric signals and stimulate bodily system.
 Nanorobots will treat and find disease, and
restore lost tissue at the cellular level.

Disadvantages:
 The initial design cost is very high.
 The design of the nanorobot is a very
complicated one.
 Maintenance is Difficult.
 Hard to Interface, Customize and Design,
Complex.

Conclusion:
 In the future, nanorobots could revolutionize
medicine. Doctors could treat everything from
heart disease to cancer using tiny robots the size
of bacteria, a scale much smaller than today’s
robots. Robots might work alone or in teams to
eradicate disease and treat other conditions.
 Will we one day have thousands of robots rushing
around in our veins, making corrections and
healing our cuts,brusies and illness. With
nanotechnology, it seems like anything is
possible. Kudos to the engineers for this
revolution. Ultimately one can what a piece of
work MAN is.

NANO ROBOTICS IN MEDICAL APPLICATION

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NANO ROBOTICS IN MEDICAL APPLICATION