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![Optical Nanobiosensors
A sensor that uses light to detect the effect of a chemical on a
biological system. [Kopelman et al.]
The small size of the optical fibers allow sensing intracelular
intercelular physiological and biological parameter in micro-
environment.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/biosensors-170924105314/75/Nano-biosensors-20-2048.jpg)
![Future Application
Cancer Monitoring
• Nanobiosensors play a very important role for early cancer detection in body
fluids.
• The sensor is coated with a cancer-specific antibody or other biorecognation
ligands. The capture of a cancer cell or a target protein yields electrical, optical or
mechanical signal for detection.
• [Professor Calum McNeil detection of cancer proteins that cause MRSA]
Identification of Biomarkers
↓
Validation of Cancer Biomarkers
↓
Cancer Biomarkers
↓
Ligands / Probes Developments
↓
Cancer Diagnostics Biosensor ← Detector
↓
Point of Care Cancer Diagnostics](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/biosensors-170924105314/75/Nano-biosensors-25-2048.jpg)
Uploaded bySanman samova
Nano-biosensors
Nanobiosensors integrate biological components with physiochemical transducers to detect analytes. They have three main parts: a biological recognition element, transducer, and detector. The biological element binds to the target molecule. The transducer measures a physical change from the reaction and converts it to an electrical signal. The detector amplifies and analyzes the signal. Nanobiosensors use principles like mass, light, and heat changes to detect targets. Current research applies nanomaterials like nanotubes to develop more sensitive optical and electrochemical nanobiosensors. Potential applications include detecting diseases, environmental toxins, and cancer biomarkers.
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Overview of nanobiosensors presented by Samova Sanman.
Definition and components of biosensors including biological elements, transducers, and detectors.
Detailed exploration of biosensor components: detectors, biological elements, and transducers.
Principles explaining detection methods including mass change, electric distribution, and various sensor types.
Current advancements in nanoscale biosensors from various research projects focusing on detection methods.
Various applications in biological and environmental monitoring, highlighting future opportunities in cancer detection.
Citations for works mentioned throughout the presentation.
More Related Content
Nano-biosensors
- 1.
- 2. Outline • Biosensor Background •What is a Biosensor? • Components of a Biosensor • Principles of Detection • Biosensors on the Nanoscale • Current Research • Potential Applications • Applications of Nanobiosensors
- 3. Biosensor • “Biosensor” oncerefered to any device which responds to chemical species in biological samples or using biological components. • A sensor that integrates a biological element with a physiochemical transducer to produce an electronic signal proportional to a single analyte which is then conveted to a detector.
- 4. Components of aBiosensor Detector
- 5. Biological Element Microorganism TissueCell Organelle Nucleic Acid Enzyme Enzyme Component Receptor Antibody The component used to bind the target molecule. Must be highly specific, stable under storage conditions, and immobilized.
- 6. Physiochemical Transducer • Actsas an interface, measuring the physical change that occurs with the reaction at the bioreceptor then transforming that energy into measurable electrical output.
- 7. Detector • Signals fromthe transducer are passed to a microprocessor where they are amplified and analyzed. • The data is then converted to concentration units and transferred to a display or/and data storage device.
- 9. Principles of Detection •measures change in mass • measures change in electric distribution • measures change in light intensity • measures change in heat
- 10. Principles of Detection •Piezo-Electric Biosensors The change in frequency is proportional to the mass of absorbed material. Some piezo-electric devices utilize crystals, such as quartz, which vibrate under the influence of an electric field. The frequency of this oscillation depends on their thickness and cut. Others use gold to detect the specific angle at which electron waves (surface plasmons) are emitted when the substance is exposed to laser light.
- 11. Electrochemical Biosensors • Amperometricfor applied current: • Movement of e- in redox reactions detected when a potential is applied between two electrodes. • Potentiometric for voltage: • Change in distribution of charge is detected using ion-selective electrodes, such as pH-meters.
- 12. Optical Biosensors • Colorimetricfor color: Measure change in light adsorption as reactants are converted to products. • Photometric for light intensity: Photon output for a luminescent or fluorescent process can be detected with photomultiplier tubes or photodiode systems.
- 13. Calorimetric Biosensors • Ifthe enzyme catalyzed reaction is exothermic, two thermistors may be used to measure the difference in resistance between reactant and product and, hence, the analyte concentration.
- 14.
- 15. • Dr. MichaelStrano at the University of Illinois, "We have developed molecular sheaths around the nanotube that respond to a particular chemical and modulate the nanotube's optical properties."
- 17. • SPOT-NOSED Project: Alayer of olfactory proteins on a nanoelectrode could react with low-concentration odorants. This technology could be used by doctors to diagnose diseases at earlier stages.
- 18. • Nanosphere lithography(NSL) derived triangular Ag nanoparticles were used to detect streptavidin down to one picomolar concentrations.
- 19. • The Schoolof Biomedical Engineering has developed an anti-body based piezoelectric nanobiosensor to be used for anthrax,HIV hepatitis detection.
- 20. Optical Nanobiosensors A sensorthat uses light to detect the effect of a chemical on a biological system. [Kopelman et al.] The small size of the optical fibers allow sensing intracelular intercelular physiological and biological parameter in micro- environment.
- 21. Two kind offabrication methods for optical fiber tips Heat and Pull Method Chemical Etching
- 23. Applications of Nanobiosensors Biological –DNA Sensors; Genetic monitoring, disease – Immunosensors; HIV, Hepatitis,other viral diseas, drug testing, environmental monitoring… – Cell-based Sensors; functional sensors, drug testing… – Point-of-care sensors; blood, urine, electrolytes, gases, steroids, drugs, hormones, proteins, other… – Bacteria Sensors; (E-coli, streptococcus, other): food industry, medicine, environmental, other. – Enzyme sensors; diabetics, drug testing, other.
- 24. Environmental Applications – Detectionof environmental pollution and toxicity – Agricultural monitoring – Ground water screening – Ocean monitoring
- 25. Future Application Cancer Monitoring •Nanobiosensors play a very important role for early cancer detection in body fluids. • The sensor is coated with a cancer-specific antibody or other biorecognation ligands. The capture of a cancer cell or a target protein yields electrical, optical or mechanical signal for detection. • [Professor Calum McNeil detection of cancer proteins that cause MRSA] Identification of Biomarkers ↓ Validation of Cancer Biomarkers ↓ Cancer Biomarkers ↓ Ligands / Probes Developments ↓ Cancer Diagnostics Biosensor ← Detector ↓ Point of Care Cancer Diagnostics
- 26. References • Nanotechnology Online,Vol.3, 1-14. • Rogers, K.(2006). Recent advances in biosensor techniques for environmental monitoring. Analitica Chimica Acta. Vol. 568(1-2), 599-624. • Li, C. (2005).Complementary Detection of Prostate- Specific Antigen Using In2O3 Nanowires and Carbon Nanotubes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol.127(36), 12484-12485.