Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Improving quality of life in Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Nathalia Vargas, Michel Reyes & Edgar Miranda

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for
improving the quality of life in person with
complex PTSD
Nathalia Vargas, Ph.D Institute of Contextuales Therapies
Michel Reyes Ortega, Ph. D Institute of Contextuales Therapies
Edgar Miranda Terres, Ph.D. National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Nathalia Vargas, Ph.D Institute of Contextuales Therapies; Michel Reyes Ph.D Institute of Contextuales Therapies;
Edgar Miranda M.C National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz
2
 The main features of PTSD according to DSM-5 are:
 Exposure to threat or actual death, serious injury or sexual violence
 The presence of recurrent, involuntary, intrusive and painful memories
and dreams
 Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event.
 Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with traumatic
event
 Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with the
traumatic event
 Can appear: Dissociative, Depersonalization or Derealization reactions

Complex Psychological Trauma
(Courtois & Ford, 2014)
 As a resulting form exposure to severe stressors:
 Repetitive or prolonged
 Involve harm or abandonment by caregivers
 Ouccur at develepmentally vulnerable time
3

PTSD prevalence in Mexico
 According to the national
survey of Epidemiology 1.4% of
the general population suffers
from PTSD.
(Medina-Mora, et, al., 2003)
CUASE WOMAN MEN
Rape 6.3% 1.3%
Sexual abuse 9.6% 1.2%
Beaten by their parents 18.4% 18.1%
Beaten by couple 10.7% 0.8%
beaten by others 3.2% 12.1%
Domestic violence 21.8% 18.5%
kidnapping 0.7% 3.8%
robbery with weapon 15.2% 34.9%
Peresecution/besieged 5.5% 1.7%
witnessed that injure or kill
another 10.4% 22.7%
Death of a close relative 28.3% 25.3%
Traffic accident 14.7% 28.7%
NaturalNatural desatre 12.8% 14.7%
War or conflict 0.5% 1.5%
4

Multiple Traumatic
Event
Variety of stimuli
associated with the
trauma (internal/External)
Situations, places,
sensations, thoughts,
memories, flashbacks.
Mechanism of control and
avoidance oriented to
emotion:
Avoidance, suppression,
rumination, worry
eg: drinking alcohol,
isolated, engage with the
thoughts
Consequences:
Positive: Attention,
decreased emotion.
Negative: Loss of
relationships, poor
performance, health
problems.
Loss of positive
reinforcers
Increased Aversive
stimulation
Poor solve problems
Intense Emotions: Fear,
anger, shame,
helplessness
Increased unpleasant
emotions
Increased avoidance
VULNERABILITYTOOTHER
PSYCHIATRICDISORDERS
MODEL FOR COMPLEX PTSD
(Vargas, Reyes & Miranda, 2014)
EXPERIENCIALAVOIDANCEAND
COGNITIVEFUSION
5

ACT FOR COMPLEX PTSD
Objetives
6
 This work is piloting an intervention model for complex
PTSD.
 The main objective was to design an intervention
program based on ACT for the treatment of complex
PTSD and evaluate their effectiveness in reducing
symptoms of PTSD, depression and increased quality of
life for program participants over nine months.

PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC MODEL
 The intervention program was designed to:
 Group mode
 For 10 to 12 participants
 We need the presence of a trained therapist, co-therapist
 The duration of the sessions was 90 minutes
 Because a lot of participants suffer of dissociation and
depersonalization, the co-therapist has the function of
monitoring the dissociative, depersonalization and
desrealization symptoms and do interventions to keep focused
and attentive to the participants in the session
7

SUBJECTS AND CHARACTERISTICS
 Access to participants was conducted by the National Institute of Psychiatry and a
randomized sampling
 Inclusion criteria
 Having suffered multiple traumatic events throughout their lives.
 The type of trauma is interpersonal
 Have more than one year with symptoms of PTSD
 Have a diagnosis of major depressive disorder secondary to PTSD
 Exclusion criteria:
 Have more than 6 months receiving psychotherapy.
 Have substance dependence (abuse accepted).
 Being diagnosed with: Schizophrenia, BPD, Bipolar Disorder, delusion, acute
psychosis, OCD, feeding and eating disorder
 Unable to move unit.
8

TREATMENT (1)
session 1
• Mindfulness
• Psychoeducation of
their emotions
• Pain cicle
Session 2
• Mindfulness
• Creative hopelessness
Session 3
• Mindfulness
• My struggle
Session 4
• Mindfulness
• Demons on the boat
Session 5
• Mindfulness
• The function of my
mind
Session 6
• Mindfulness
• Regain trust
9

session 7
• Mindfulness
• Exercising my wiliness
Session 8
• Mindfulness
• I'm not broken or
damaged: Seeking work as
the perspective and self
acceptance.
Session 9
• Mindfulness
• Regain my values
Sessión 10
• Mindfulness
• Giving direction to my life
Session 11
• Mindfulness
• The thousand journey
coordinates
Session 12
• Mindfulness
• New personal goals,
reinforcing skills obtained
and the end of a
treatment.
10
TREATMENT (2)

MEASUREMENTS
11
 Check list of PTSD symptoms (PCL-C) Weathers, Litz, Herman, Huska &
Keane, (1993). Translate and adapte for mexican population (Flores, Reyes
& Reidl 2012)
 Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Beck (1988).Adaptación Robles, Varela,
Jurado y Páez (2001).
 Inventory of Quality of Life and Health (INCAVISA) Riveros, Sánchez Sosa y
Groves (2003): evaluating 12 areas, each with four items, in Likert scale.
These areas are: 1) Concerns, 2) physical performance 3) insolation, 4)
Body Perception, 5) cognitive functions, 6) attitude towards the treatment,
7) Leisure , 8) Daily Life, 9) Family, 10) Social Networking 11) Medical
dependency 12) Relationship with medical

RESULTS
 The results show clinical
and statistically significant
difference in reduction of
PTSD symptoms, symptoms
of MDD and increased
quality of life.
 Wilcoxon test applied to
pretest and postest
measurements both in the
checklist of PTSD symptoms
(PCL-C) as the Beck
Depression Inventory (BDI),
show a significance level
of .005
0
20
40
60
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
PCL-C
TOTAL PCL (PRE) TOTAL PCL (POST)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BDI
TOTAL BDI (PRE) TOTAL BDI (POST)
12

 For Quality of Life and Health
the two-way analysis of
Friedman shows a significance
level of .000
 The areas with the greatest
impact were:
 The decrease in concerns
 The reduction of isolation
 Lowered difficulty managing
their lives
 The decrease in the medical
depency
 The perception of increased
quality of life
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Concerns
Concerns (Pre) Concerns (post)
0
5
10
15
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Isolation
Isolation (pre) Isolation (post)Nathalia Vargas, Ph.D Institute of Contextuales Therapies; Michel Reyes Ph.D Institute of Contextuales Therapies;
13

0
5
10
15
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Difficulty managing their daily
lives
pretest postest
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Medical Dependency
prestest postest
14

Perception of Quality of life
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Perceived quality of life
pretest ´postest
15

CONCLUSIONS
 While the results are encouraging, this is a pilot study and the
control group is required and extend the sample.
 Furthermore, the sub-scale present minor change in quality of life
and health scale was the scale of social networks and was one of
the points at which participants showed greater resistance
 Therefore it will be considered to go further in this point for future
interventions
16

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Improving quality of life in Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Nathalia Vargas, Michel Reyes & Edgar Miranda

More Related Content

What's hot (18)

Viewers also liked (18)

Similar to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Improving quality of life in Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Nathalia Vargas, Michel Reyes & Edgar Miranda (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Improving quality of life in Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Nathalia Vargas, Michel Reyes & Edgar Miranda