Neo Human Relations Theory

Neo Human Relations Theory

• 2.
  Social Psychologists : Maslow  McGregor (theory X and theory Y)  Likert  Argyris Maslow- developed a seminal theory of the needs of human beings.
• 3.
  Herberg and McGregor-both focus on motivation and leadership. Focus on human motivation: Satisfaction  Incentive  Intrinsic
• 4.
  Maslow (1943) 1. Thispsychologist proposed a hierarchy of human needs building from basic needs at the base to higher needs at the top. 2. Maslow made assumptions that people need to satisfy each level of need, before Self- elevating their needs to the next Actualization higher level. Self- Esteem Physiological Needs
• 5.
  Theory X TheoryY (essentially “scientific” mgt) Lazy Like working Avoid responsibility Accept/ seek responsibility Therefore need control/coercion Need space to develop imagination/ ingenuity Schein type: “rational economic man” Schein type: “self- actualizing man”
• 6.
  Herzberg showed twocategories of findings:  Motivators- factors giving rise to satisfaction  Hygiene factors- factors giving rise to dissatisfaction Important Motivators Important Hygiene Achievement Company policy and recognition Recognition Supervision- technical aspect Work itself Salary Responsibility Interpersonal relations- supervision Advancement Working conditions
• 7.
  Likert -described „new patternsof management‟ based on the behaviors of managers. Four Main Patterns:  Exploitative- power and direction come from the top downwards  Benevolent- allows some upward opportunities for consultation   Consultative- goals are set or orders issued after discussion with subordinates  Participative- organization is in a cooperative way.
• 8.
  Argysis - studied thatclassical models of organization promoted “immaturity.” Characteristics of Employee Immaturity Maturity Passivity Activity Dependence Relevance independence Behave in a few ways Behave in many ways Erratic, shallow interests Deeper interests Short time perspective Long time perspective Subordinate position Equal or superior position Lack of awareness of self Awareness and self- control