The Next Industrial Revolution
And the digital transformation of society?
Professor Robin Teigland
Entrepreneurship & Strategy Division
Chalmers University of Technology
November 2019
www.robinteigland.com | www.slideshare.net/eteigland | robin.teigland@chalmers.se | @RobinTeigland
All open Access
People
• “Net generation”
• 24x7 “mobile” workforce
• Gig economy
• Online learning
• Sharing not owning
• Sustainability
Technology
• Broadband/wifi
• Cloud, fog
• Internet of Things
• AI/ML/DL/NN
• Autonomous vehicles
• Smart robotics
• VR/AR/Holography
• 3D/4D printing/ALM
• Blockchains
• Nanotechnology
• Quantum computing
Open Source
• Software
• Hardware
• Physibles
Convergence of…..
Finance
• Microlending/microfinance
• Crowdfunding/equity/P2P lending
• Cryptocurrencies, tokens
• Blockchains, smart contracts
• Mobile money and payments
• M2M/R2R payments
“We always overestimate the change
that will occur in the next two years and
underestimate the change that will
occur in the next ten.”
- Bill Gates, The Road Ahead, 1996
Thx to R. Wieselfors, Ericsson for photos
Thx to R. Wieselfors, Ericsson for photos
Digital is the main reason
just over half the Fortune 500 companies
have disappeared since the year 2000.
-Pierre Nanterme, CEO Accenture, 2016
Yet..Digital disruption
has only just begun.
FIRM FOUNDED EMPLOYEES MKT CAP
BMW 1916 135,000 $39B
UBER 2009 25,000 $58B
MARRIOTT 1927 176,000 $42B
AIRBNB 2008 3,100 $35B
WALT DISNEY 1923 201,000 $245B
FACEBOOK 2004 40,000 $519B
WALMART 1962 2,200,000 $319B
ALIBABA 1999 102,000 $446B
Adapted from Parker & Van Alstyne, with Choudary, 2016, updated August 2019
Something fundamental is changing
Shifting market logics
Ericsson & Augur 2011
AI/ML/NN and data scale & scope are
foundation for solving customer needs
J. Zhang 2017
”Pailitao”: Visual search and deep learning
• Supplier credit checks & loans
• Fake merchandise recognition
• Product recommendations pushed to
shoppers, and communicated to
retailers to increase inventory
• Dynamic pricing
• Supply chain optimization
• Robot packing and drone delivery
• “Store concierge” chatbots that
understand emotion to engage human
when necessary
• Sensors to improve customer flows
Continuous innovation offline and online
Over 1 mln Mom & Pop
stores digitalized
The world now stands on the
cusp of a technological revolution
in artificial intelligence and robotics
that may prove as transformative for
economic growth and human potential as were
electrification, mass production, and electronic
telecommunications in their eras.
MIT Task Force on the Work of the Future, 2019
http://marketrealist.com/2016/01/fourth-industrial-revolution-need-know/
Pizzas, AI, robots, and AVs
https://www.inc.com/glenn-leibowitz/meet-the-ceo-running-a-billion-dollar-company-with-no-offices-or-email.html
https://www.outsite.co/
ReGen Villages: Fully self-sufficient
http://www.regenvillages.com/
Transformation of economic activity
Centralized,
hierarchical
organizations
Decentralized,
self-organizing
organizations
Increasing forces
for local community and
circular economies
So, how can we
prepare for the future?
All our knowledge is about the past,
but all our strategic decisions are about the future
Conway 2003
What we don’t know
we don’t know
about the future
What we know
What we know
we don’t know
Looking into the future?
• Forecast
–How we think the future will be
• Vision
–How we want the future to be
• Scenarios
–What the future can be
–“Alternative memories” from the future
?
?
?
?
FUTURE OF
VALUE
CREATION
Political Economic
Sociological
TechnologicalEnvironmental
Legal
Increasing uncertainty across PESTEL
https://www.forbes.com/sites/annatobin/2019/01/03/5g-and-smart-home-tech-to-make-it-big-in-2019-forecasts-global-data/#2ec71e12ecd2
Cybersecurity – A growing risk
“We have hacked all the control
systems in your building at
400 Main Street and will close it
down for 3 days if you do not pay
$50,000 in Bitcoin
within 24 hours.”
Four scenarios for 2035
Global
Power
Struggl
e
Scenario 4
Business More or Less as
Usual
New
World
Order
High Technology Convergence
Low Technology Convergence
Scenario 2
Circular “ReGen” Villages
Scenario 3
Global Village Networks
Scenario 1
MegaCities in the ”Wild West”
Four scenarios for 2035
Global
Power
Struggle
High Technology Convergence
MegaCities in the ”Wild West”
National platforms drive out foreign platforms and
products. Global MegaCities thirst for resources
and products, yet a high level of piracy and
terrorism makes trade and transportation very
dangerous. SDGs are seen as impossible to
achieve.
Low Technology Convergence
New
World
Order
Circular “ReGen” Villages
Self-sufficient, off-grid communities are enabled
by part-time “producers” in Gig Economy. High
protectionism with new energy resources, circular
technologies, and sharing mentality drastically
reduce demand for retail and trade so some SDGs
are reached.
Global Village Networks
Nomadic communities across countries, in
oceans, and in space directly source products
and services from small, sustainable producers
worldwide. New energy resources and recycling
and material technologies make SDGs history.
Business More or Less as Usual
Monopoly-platforms from China and USA
dominate trade by sourcing from global mega
producers and delivering directly on-demand to a
vastly urbanized world. Global initiatives to meet
SDGs are pursued yet progress is very slow.
Companies progressing but leadership falling behind
4Boards.aiResearch; Understanding Digital Maturity – MIT/CapGemini 2018
Boards tend to overestimate their ”Digital Savviness”
62% of
boards report
they are digitally
savvy
Source: MIT CISR 2014 Board Survey, 81 companies.
24% of boards
are digitally savvy
based on public
data
Source: MIT CISR 2018 Board Study, 1122 companies, based on
coding of public proxy data.
4Boards.ai
“XXXX has a diverse Board and a strong corporate culture.
We are well positioned to achieve our strategic goal of
driving profitable growth and building shareholder value."
DigoshenOkt2019
Increasing pressure on corporate boards
DigoshenOct2019
Increasing pressure on corporate boards
Enabling corporate boards to more successfully
govern and leverage AI in their innovation and sustainability efforts
4Boards.ai Project
Board of directors
Leveraging Chalmers’ data science competence
+
AI-enhanced research of AI innovation
• Development of AI Maturity Barometer
– AI-enabled analysis of annual reports,
websites, company databases, etc
• MappingAI competence at board level
– AI-enabled analysis of interlocking
directorates
• MappingAI competence in firms
– AI-enabled analysis of Swedish competence
on LinkedIn and Arbetsförmedling
• Other
– Open source vs closed source
– Networking vs hierarchy
• Organizational performance
– Financial
– Innovation
– Other?
• Regional performance
– Employment
– Digital divide
– Other?
AI/ML/NN
Sept 2019 to Aug 2022
Exploitation Exploration
Exploration
Digital technologies enable
ocean opportunities
• Robotics and drones
• AI/ML/NN
• Marine simulations
• New material technologies
• Additive manufacturing
• IoT
• Blockchain
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Ocean Data Factory Sweden
To enable Sweden to be a global leader in
sustainability and innovation in the digital blue economy
Professor Robin Teigland, Chalmers University of Technology (ODF Director)
Dr. Torsten Linders, Gothenburg University (ODF Coordinator)
Robert Rylander, RISE (Research Coordinator)
Peter Karlsson, Combine (AI Coordinator)
Absence/prediction
Pointsampler
Presence
Absence_Salinity_today
Absence_Temp_today
Absence_Substrate
Absence_Depth
.csv
AI Train
Detect anomaly (should it already
be here?)
Prediction
Absence_Salinity_Climate
Change
Absence_Temp_Climate
Change
Pointsampler
Presence_Salinity_today
Presence_Temp_today
Presence_Substrate
Presence_Depth
API
Invasive species Dikerogammarus villosus
Absence_Exposure Presence_ Exposure
Absence_Shipping_traffic Presence_Shipping_traffic
First Innovation Cycle
Predicting the spread into
the Baltic Sea of an
invasive species
University
Public
sector
Industry
Global quadruple helix for data-driven innovation
Smart Ocean Network
for data-driven, sustainable innovation
smartOCEAN
Peniche, Portugal
Smart Ocean
VGR, Sweden
Goal: To create a global network of hubs for sustainable ocean innovation
Mapping Ocean Litter
with AI and Drones
Recycling Ocean Waste with
Carbon, Graphene, & 3D Printing
Recovering Ocean Litter with
Repurposed Fishing Vessels
Manufacturing combined
with Blockchain
PENICHE OCEAN WATCH
A Blue Circular Economy Based on Ocean Litter
Sustainable Ocean
Entrepreneurship
To improve competitiveness and sustainability
of small-scale fishing fleets
through a subscription data service
The Peladrone Project
From catching
fish to searching
for ocean litter
Extending the Peladrone service range
EMLO Project
Empowering Marine Litter Opportunities
Documentary on Portuguese National TV
https://www.rtp.pt/programa/tv/p37509/e4
BA
Two individuals (organizations)
with the same number of contacts…
…but with very different
access to signals, ideas, and resources
BA
The Next Industrial Revolution
And the digital transformation of society?
Professor Robin Teigland
Entrepreneurship & Strategy Division
Chalmers University of Technology
November 2019
www.robinteigland.com | www.slideshare.net/eteigland | robin.teigland@chalmers.se | @RobinTeigland

New Industrial Revotution and Digital Transformation of Society

  • 1.
    The Next IndustrialRevolution And the digital transformation of society? Professor Robin Teigland Entrepreneurship & Strategy Division Chalmers University of Technology November 2019 www.robinteigland.com | www.slideshare.net/eteigland | [email protected] | @RobinTeigland
  • 2.
  • 3.
    People • “Net generation” •24x7 “mobile” workforce • Gig economy • Online learning • Sharing not owning • Sustainability Technology • Broadband/wifi • Cloud, fog • Internet of Things • AI/ML/DL/NN • Autonomous vehicles • Smart robotics • VR/AR/Holography • 3D/4D printing/ALM • Blockchains • Nanotechnology • Quantum computing Open Source • Software • Hardware • Physibles Convergence of….. Finance • Microlending/microfinance • Crowdfunding/equity/P2P lending • Cryptocurrencies, tokens • Blockchains, smart contracts • Mobile money and payments • M2M/R2R payments
  • 4.
    “We always overestimatethe change that will occur in the next two years and underestimate the change that will occur in the next ten.” - Bill Gates, The Road Ahead, 1996
  • 5.
    Thx to R.Wieselfors, Ericsson for photos
  • 6.
    Thx to R.Wieselfors, Ericsson for photos
  • 7.
    Digital is themain reason just over half the Fortune 500 companies have disappeared since the year 2000. -Pierre Nanterme, CEO Accenture, 2016 Yet..Digital disruption has only just begun.
  • 8.
    FIRM FOUNDED EMPLOYEESMKT CAP BMW 1916 135,000 $39B UBER 2009 25,000 $58B MARRIOTT 1927 176,000 $42B AIRBNB 2008 3,100 $35B WALT DISNEY 1923 201,000 $245B FACEBOOK 2004 40,000 $519B WALMART 1962 2,200,000 $319B ALIBABA 1999 102,000 $446B Adapted from Parker & Van Alstyne, with Choudary, 2016, updated August 2019 Something fundamental is changing
  • 9.
  • 10.
    AI/ML/NN and datascale & scope are foundation for solving customer needs J. Zhang 2017
  • 11.
  • 12.
    • Supplier creditchecks & loans • Fake merchandise recognition • Product recommendations pushed to shoppers, and communicated to retailers to increase inventory • Dynamic pricing • Supply chain optimization • Robot packing and drone delivery • “Store concierge” chatbots that understand emotion to engage human when necessary • Sensors to improve customer flows Continuous innovation offline and online Over 1 mln Mom & Pop stores digitalized
  • 13.
    The world nowstands on the cusp of a technological revolution in artificial intelligence and robotics that may prove as transformative for economic growth and human potential as were electrification, mass production, and electronic telecommunications in their eras. MIT Task Force on the Work of the Future, 2019
  • 14.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
    ReGen Villages: Fullyself-sufficient http://www.regenvillages.com/
  • 24.
    Transformation of economicactivity Centralized, hierarchical organizations Decentralized, self-organizing organizations
  • 25.
    Increasing forces for localcommunity and circular economies
  • 26.
    So, how canwe prepare for the future?
  • 27.
    All our knowledgeis about the past, but all our strategic decisions are about the future Conway 2003 What we don’t know we don’t know about the future What we know What we know we don’t know
  • 28.
    Looking into thefuture? • Forecast –How we think the future will be • Vision –How we want the future to be • Scenarios –What the future can be –“Alternative memories” from the future ? ? ? ?
  • 29.
  • 31.
  • 32.
    Cybersecurity – Agrowing risk “We have hacked all the control systems in your building at 400 Main Street and will close it down for 3 days if you do not pay $50,000 in Bitcoin within 24 hours.”
  • 34.
    Four scenarios for2035 Global Power Struggl e Scenario 4 Business More or Less as Usual New World Order High Technology Convergence Low Technology Convergence Scenario 2 Circular “ReGen” Villages Scenario 3 Global Village Networks Scenario 1 MegaCities in the ”Wild West”
  • 35.
    Four scenarios for2035 Global Power Struggle High Technology Convergence MegaCities in the ”Wild West” National platforms drive out foreign platforms and products. Global MegaCities thirst for resources and products, yet a high level of piracy and terrorism makes trade and transportation very dangerous. SDGs are seen as impossible to achieve. Low Technology Convergence New World Order Circular “ReGen” Villages Self-sufficient, off-grid communities are enabled by part-time “producers” in Gig Economy. High protectionism with new energy resources, circular technologies, and sharing mentality drastically reduce demand for retail and trade so some SDGs are reached. Global Village Networks Nomadic communities across countries, in oceans, and in space directly source products and services from small, sustainable producers worldwide. New energy resources and recycling and material technologies make SDGs history. Business More or Less as Usual Monopoly-platforms from China and USA dominate trade by sourcing from global mega producers and delivering directly on-demand to a vastly urbanized world. Global initiatives to meet SDGs are pursued yet progress is very slow.
  • 36.
    Companies progressing butleadership falling behind 4Boards.aiResearch; Understanding Digital Maturity – MIT/CapGemini 2018
  • 37.
    Boards tend tooverestimate their ”Digital Savviness” 62% of boards report they are digitally savvy Source: MIT CISR 2014 Board Survey, 81 companies. 24% of boards are digitally savvy based on public data Source: MIT CISR 2018 Board Study, 1122 companies, based on coding of public proxy data. 4Boards.ai
  • 38.
    “XXXX has adiverse Board and a strong corporate culture. We are well positioned to achieve our strategic goal of driving profitable growth and building shareholder value." DigoshenOkt2019 Increasing pressure on corporate boards
  • 39.
  • 40.
    Enabling corporate boardsto more successfully govern and leverage AI in their innovation and sustainability efforts 4Boards.ai Project Board of directors
  • 41.
    Leveraging Chalmers’ datascience competence +
  • 42.
    AI-enhanced research ofAI innovation • Development of AI Maturity Barometer – AI-enabled analysis of annual reports, websites, company databases, etc • MappingAI competence at board level – AI-enabled analysis of interlocking directorates • MappingAI competence in firms – AI-enabled analysis of Swedish competence on LinkedIn and Arbetsförmedling • Other – Open source vs closed source – Networking vs hierarchy • Organizational performance – Financial – Innovation – Other? • Regional performance – Employment – Digital divide – Other? AI/ML/NN Sept 2019 to Aug 2022
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
    Digital technologies enable oceanopportunities • Robotics and drones • AI/ML/NN • Marine simulations • New material technologies • Additive manufacturing • IoT • Blockchain Entrepreneurial Mindset
  • 46.
    Ocean Data FactorySweden To enable Sweden to be a global leader in sustainability and innovation in the digital blue economy Professor Robin Teigland, Chalmers University of Technology (ODF Director) Dr. Torsten Linders, Gothenburg University (ODF Coordinator) Robert Rylander, RISE (Research Coordinator) Peter Karlsson, Combine (AI Coordinator)
  • 47.
    Absence/prediction Pointsampler Presence Absence_Salinity_today Absence_Temp_today Absence_Substrate Absence_Depth .csv AI Train Detect anomaly(should it already be here?) Prediction Absence_Salinity_Climate Change Absence_Temp_Climate Change Pointsampler Presence_Salinity_today Presence_Temp_today Presence_Substrate Presence_Depth API Invasive species Dikerogammarus villosus Absence_Exposure Presence_ Exposure Absence_Shipping_traffic Presence_Shipping_traffic First Innovation Cycle Predicting the spread into the Baltic Sea of an invasive species
  • 48.
  • 49.
    Smart Ocean Network fordata-driven, sustainable innovation smartOCEAN Peniche, Portugal Smart Ocean VGR, Sweden Goal: To create a global network of hubs for sustainable ocean innovation
  • 50.
    Mapping Ocean Litter withAI and Drones Recycling Ocean Waste with Carbon, Graphene, & 3D Printing Recovering Ocean Litter with Repurposed Fishing Vessels Manufacturing combined with Blockchain PENICHE OCEAN WATCH A Blue Circular Economy Based on Ocean Litter Sustainable Ocean Entrepreneurship
  • 51.
    To improve competitivenessand sustainability of small-scale fishing fleets through a subscription data service The Peladrone Project
  • 52.
    From catching fish tosearching for ocean litter Extending the Peladrone service range
  • 53.
    EMLO Project Empowering MarineLitter Opportunities
  • 54.
    Documentary on PortugueseNational TV https://www.rtp.pt/programa/tv/p37509/e4
  • 55.
    BA Two individuals (organizations) withthe same number of contacts…
  • 56.
    …but with verydifferent access to signals, ideas, and resources BA
  • 57.
    The Next IndustrialRevolution And the digital transformation of society? Professor Robin Teigland Entrepreneurship & Strategy Division Chalmers University of Technology November 2019 www.robinteigland.com | www.slideshare.net/eteigland | [email protected] | @RobinTeigland