"Nursing Informatics PowerPoint Presentation"
- 1. By : Roel B. Calano Fernando R. Del Rio
- 2. Chapter 14 : Electronic Health Record Electro nic Health Record •Electronic Health Records also known as “Electronic Medical Records or Computerized Patient Records” are found more useful when the number of data being process are highly prioritized and/or a large data are being stored . EHR provide the ability to manage health impossible to apply to paper record keeping. The use of these techniques has the potential to dramatically change now both individuals & society view healthcare. Dramatic changes in healthcare have always been accompanied by equally important ethical challenges, and adoption of EHR exception. •EHR provide the tools than can be used to begin to solve problems. •EHR are usually accessed on a computer, often over a computer netw0rks or system. It is made up of electronic medical records (EMR) from the different departments such as Nurse Department, Laboratory Department, Pharmacology Dept. , etc. •EHR system integrates all the information and data of all the hospital department. •Data can be entered electronically through a dedicated computer in a standard format that simplifies the input process, the data and information can be displayed to desired formats suitable for the interpretation of the users.
- 3. Issues and concer ns on EHR •One issue that arises in the conversion of paper-based data into electronic format, meanwhile, another issue becomes more pronounce when the converted data is not complete or not in standard field. Digitizing a hard printed data is also a problem, since additional scanner with optical character recognition software is needed to convert the data into electronic formal. Also, the scanned material may exist in many formats, sizes, media types and qualities. If a certain hospital plans to migrate from paper-based system to computer-based system, then the data should be implemented with connect and standard format.
- 4. Types of Data Stored in EHR • An electronic health record should contain important data such as; • Patient profile • Results of medical examination • Medical history • Development of health condition and status • Results of laboratory test • Information about allergies, illness, immunization, dis order and diseases. • Medicine taken and its compatibility with drug interaction • Records of appointment • Billing records
- 5. Issues in Electron ic Health Records System •Integration and synchronization of historical records and incoming records •Readiness of the profile system •Continuing preservation of the data warehouse and its associated facilities. •Purchasing of computer system, specialized networking and communication system and sophisticated software. •Preservation of integrity and security of data. •Conversation of historical data into electronic data. •Continuous updating of storage capacity •Computer system may experience shot term crashing, bugs, virus, etc. •Start-up costs and software maintenance costs. •Additional manpower to support the computer-based process. •Responsibility and ownership of electronic health records. •Data can be altered •System crashes.
- 6. Workflo w Implicat ions Continuous communica tion with patient • EHR workflow implications for nurses and healthcare providers may vary type of patient care facility and professional responsibility. The implementations of EHR must coincide with standard workflow process perform by the nurses and other healthcare provider here in the Philippines. The design of the EHR must capture the preparedness of the hospitals and other clinics as well as the healthcare professions. • It is important to remember that there is no substitute for face to face interaction, particularly on important issues. Continuous communication will still part of the day to day processes of a nurses and healthcare provider.
- 7. Chapter 15: Dependability of Nursing Informatics Depe ndab le syste m Facto •Is the measure of the reliability, integrity and performance of the system. Dependability as applied to a computer system is defined as the trustworthiness of the computing system which allows reliance to be justifiably placed on the service it delivers. •Is the collective term used to describe the availability performance and its influencing factors; reliability performance, maintainability performance and maintenance support performance. r that affec • There are 3 main factors that potentially affect the dependability of the system, causing the integrity, reliability and performance of the system to ts significantly drop. depen dabili ty of syste • An error in the healthcare information system is the behaviour from the ms discrepancy between actual results and expected performance. expected or the reference condition or Err or • Are generated from invalid states, special mechanism should be establish in order to minimize the potential impact of error or the results of the error will not cascade to the other system.
- 8. Fault Failur e • a fault is sometimes due to computer program bug which is considered a defect in systems. The presence of a fault in health information system may or may not lead to failure. • Is a condition in which the system performs unnecessarily or the function is contrary to its specification or the expected condition. An error may not necessarily cause a failure; however, a persistent fault can have an impact that mitigates a failure condition.
- 9. Chapter 16 : Nursing Minimum Data Nursin g Minimu m Data set • Health Information Technology offers a large number of benefits to the nurses and healthcare providers as well the patient and consumers such as the quality and effectiveness of healthcare delivery and service. The nursing minimum data set(NMDS) provides a formal structure for electronic healthcare data elements and components to support nursing care in all settings. • The NMDS is comparable to other healthcare data sets except that it includes an additional nursing care elements and a unique provider number for each healthcare provider.
- 10. What is Minimu m Data Set ? • The minimum Data Set provides the specific reference information for the user such as the drug uses, dosage requirement, and direction for use, active ingredients, dates, and other relevant information.
- 11. The Nursing Minimum Data Set/Elements • The NMDS is categorization scheme for the standardization of collection, integration, storage, classification, retrieval and reporting of essential nursing data. • The NMDS allow for the analysis and sharing of nursing data, nursing strategies and nursing application. • The NMDS endeavour the standardization of the aggregated of essential nursing data.
- 12. The NMDS encompass es three categoric al scheme or elements which includes the ff; • Nursing Care Elements • Nursing Diagnosis • Nursing Intervention • Nursing Outcome • Nursing Care Intensity • Patient Demographic Elements • Personal Identification • Date of Birth • Sex • Nationality • Residence • Service Elements • Unique facility or agency number elements • Unique patient health record number • Unique number of principle registered nurse • Episode admission • Discharge or termination date • Disposition of patient • Expected payer for medical bill
- 13. Chapter 17 : Theories, Models and Framework Founda tional docume nts guide nursing inform atics practic e • 2001-ANA published the code of ethics for nurses with interpretative statements, a complete revision of previsions and interpretive statement that guide all nurses, in practice, be it in the domains of direct patient care, education, adm., or research • TERMS-decisionmaking,disclosure,outcomes,privacy ,confidentiality,policies,protocols and factual documentation about throughout the explanatory language of the interpretative statement • 2003-2nd foundational professionals document, Nursing Society Policy Statements Second Edition, provided a new definition of nursing.
- 14. Nursing is the protection promotion, optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities and populations.
- 15. Earl y 2004 • Further reinforces the recognition of nursing as a cognitive profession First • Data collection begins nursing process. assess ment Secon d step Third step Fourt h step Fifth step • Diagnosis/problems different reflects the interpretation of data and information gathered during assessment. • Outcomes identification • Planning • Implementation
- 16. Nursi ng Proce ss • Interactive, includes numeric feedback loops and incorporates activities throughout the sequence.
- 17. Informatics and Healthcare Information • Informatics-science that combines a computer science , information science and cognitive science.
- 18. Healthcare informatics • Defined as integration of healthcare sciences, information science and cognitive science to assist in the management of healthcare information. • -sub discipline of information • -relatively young addition to informatics umbrella, you may see the terms that seem to be synonyms this same area, such as health informatics or medical information.
- 19. Medic al inform atics • Used in Europe • More clearly a sub-domain healthcare informatics and health informatics may mean informatics used in educating healthcare client and/or the general public • Evolves so will the clarity in definition of terms and scopes of practices • Addresses the study and management of healthcare information
- 20. Nursing Informati cs 1985(Kat hryn Hannah) Corave s and Coreor an • Unique areas that address the special information needs for the discipline of nursing. • Proposed a definition that nursing informatics is the use of information technologies in relation to any nursing functions and action of nurses • Presented a more complex definitions of nursing informatics.
- 21. ANA • Defined nursing informatics as the speciality that integrates nursing science, computer science and information science in identifying, collecting, processing, and managing data and information to support nursing practice, administration, education, research and the expansion of nursing knowledge
- 22. 2000 Staggers and Thompson’s 2002 JAMIA ARTICLE • ANA convened an expert panel to review and revise the scope and standards of nursing informatics practice. • “The evolution of definitions for nursing informatics: A critical analysis and revised definitions”
- 23. Nursing informatics as a specialty Early 1992 American Nurses Credential ity Center(AN CC) • Established nursing informatics as a distinct specialty in nursing with a distinct body of knowledge. • Established a certification examination and process in 1995 to recognize. Those nurses with basic informatics speciality competences.
- 24. Models for Nursing Informatics Models • Representation the some aspect the real world. • Direct depiction of their definition of nursing informatics • Provides a framework for identifying significant information needs which in turn can folks research.
- 25. The four eleme nts • Raw mat (nursing related information) • Technology(a computing system) • Users(nurses, students, and context • goals or objectivetoward which the preceding elements are directed
- 26. Bi directio nal arrows 1996 Nursin g scienc e • Connect the three base components of raw mats user, computer system to form the pyramid’s triangular base. • Proposed another model in which core components of informatics are depicted as intersecting circles. • Larger circle that complete encompasses the intersection circles.
- 27. • Current meta structure or a arching concepts for nursing informatics with specific Data definition in the “Scope and informatio Standards of Nursing Informatics n and practice” knowledge Data Knowl edge • “discrete entities that are described objectively without interpretation” and would include some value assigned to a variable. • Emerges from the transformation of information
- 28. Registered Nurses as Knowledge Workers knowle dge work • Exercise of specialist knowledge and competencies Registe red Nurses • Consummate twenty first century knowledge workers Atomi c level • Foundation for the transforming processes by which knowledge work is accomplished • Raw, uninterpreated facts with values and cannot be further subdivided
- 29. Competencies Benner s Staggers , Gassiers, Curran • Work, built on the Dreytres model of skill acquisition that described the evolution of novice to experts, merits discussion for nursing informatics. • Recently published identifying the informatics competencies necessary for all nurses.
- 30. ANCC • Developed and maintains the nursing informatics certification examination. • Expert panel has oversight responsibility for the content of this examination and considers the current informatics environment and research when defining the test content outline. • Life Cycle • System, planning, analysi s, design, implementatio n, and testing, eval, maintenan ce and support
- 31. Information managemen t and knowledge generation • Data, information, knowledge . Professio nal • Roles, Trends and issues , ethics practice, trends and issues Models • Foundations of nursing informatics, nursing healthcare data and sets. theori es Healthcare Information and Managemen t System Society • Established a certification program that may be of interest to informatics nurses.
- 32. EHR Healthc are environ ment Data sets Modern databa ses • Characterized by significant emphasis on establishing the EHR in an settings • Comprised of data elements brought together for a specific reason. • Used for storing data in a way that maintain the logical relationships among data elements and are stored in a computer.
- 33. Focus Simple perspec tive American Society for Testing Strategy • Client health record as a database • That the EHR is a client health record database supported by computer, electronics, and communications technologies • Any information related to the past, present or future physical/mental health or condition of an individual.
- 34. Termino logies Nursing Minimum Data Set(NMDS) • Developed Doctor Harriet Werley’s considered the foundational work for nursing languages and represents the first attempts to standardize the collection of essential nursing data.
- 35. Four Nursing Care Elements Patient or client demographic elements address personal identification; • Nursing Diagnosis • Nursing Intervention • Nursing Outcome • Intensity of Nursing Care • Date of birth • Gender • Race • Residence
- 36. Seven Service Elemen ts • Unique facility or service agency number • Unique health record number of patient/client • Unique number of principal registered nurse provider • Episode admission or encounter data • Discharge or termination date • Disposition of patient/client • Expected payer
- 37. ANA progra m Nursing terminol ogies Nomencla tures • For recognition of terminologies that support nursing has evolved. • Offer systematic, standardized ways of describing nursing practice and includes data sets. • Terms or labels for describing concepts in nursing such as diagnoses, interventions and outcomes.