The document compares next.js and node.js as frameworks for web development, highlighting their distinct purposes: node.js is designed for server-side JavaScript and excels in building scalable applications, while next.js, built on node.js, specializes in server-rendered React applications and offers features like server-side rendering and static site generation. For simpler projects, node.js may suffice, but next.js is recommended for complex web applications that require SEO and performance optimization. Developers familiar with React may find next.js a more streamlined and user-friendly option.