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Night vision Devices
Night vision technology allows visibility in darkness using infrared light, predominantly utilized in night vision devices. It operates through thermal imaging, which captures infrared light emitted as heat, and image enhancement, which amplifies near-infrared and visible light. Applications include military, law enforcement, and wildlife observation, with advantages like portability and reliability, though drawbacks include high cost and reduced performance in adverse weather conditions.
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Night vision Devices
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- 2. 2 Night Vision Technology Night Vision Technology is used to view objects in darkness. Night vision Technology by literally allows one to see in the dark. This technique is mostly used by night vision devices. NVD basically works on IR spectrum. The light with shorter wavelength have higher energy.
- 3. 3 NEAR INFRARED MID INFRARAED THERMAL INFRARAED The IR spectrum is classified into three.
- 4. 4 IR emissionoccurs when some changes occurs in the atomic level of objects.
- 5. 5 If energy isapplied to an atom the electron in it jumps to higher energy level. As the electron trends to return to its ground state, it release its energy as photons. This photon has specific wavelength depends on its energy level.
- 6. 6 Night vision canwork in two ways. Thermal Imaging Image Enhancement
- 7. 7 Thermal Imaging The thermalimaging technology operates by capturing the upper portion of IR light spectrum. The infrared spectrum is emitted as heat by objects instead of simply reflected as light. The warm objects emit more IR light than cooler objects.
- 8. 8 WORKING A speciallens focuses the IR light emitted by all of the objects in view. The focused light is scanned by a phased array of IR detected elements. This scanning create a very detailed temperature pattern called thermogram. The thermogram created by the detector elements is translated into electric impulses.
- 9. 9 The electricimpulses are then send to a signal processing unit which translates them into data for the display. The signal processing unit send the information to the display. It’s colour depends on the intensity of IR emission. The combination of all the impulses from all the elements create the image.
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- 11. 11 IMAGE ENHANCEMENT Image enhancementsystems are normally called NVD’s. NVD’s rely on a special tube called an image intensifier tube to collect and amplify IR and visible light.
- 12. 12 Working An objectivelens captures near-IR light. The gathered light is send to the image- intensifier tube. The power supply for this tube receives power from two N-cell or AA battery. The image intensifier tube has a photo cathode, which is used to convert the photons into electrons. When the electron pass through the tube, similar electrons are released from atoms and it multiplies in number through micro channel plate(MCP).
- 13. 13 Working An objectivelens captures near-IR light. The gathered light is send to the image- intensifier tube. The power supply for this tube receives power from two N-cell or AA battery. The image intensifier tube has a photo cathode, which is used to convert the photons into electrons. When the electron pass through the tube, similar electrons are released from atoms and it multiplies in number through micro channel plate(MCP).
- 14. 14 An MCP isa glass disc that has various microscopic holes and has metal electrodes on both sides. When a electron from the photo cathode hit the first electrode of MCP they get accelerated. As electron pass through the micro channels they release other electrons using a process called Cascaded secondary emission. The new electron collide with atoms creating a chain reaction result in rapid increase of electron.
- 15. 15 An MCP isa glass disc that has various microscopic holes and has metal electrodes on both sides. When a electron from the photo cathode hit the first electrode of MCP they get accelerated. As electron pass through the micro channels they release other electrons using a process called Cascaded secondary emission. The new electron collide with atoms creating a chain reaction result in rapid increase of electron.
- 16. 16 An MCP isa glass disc that has various microscopic holes and has metal electrodes on both sides. When a electron from the photo cathode hit the first electrode of MCP they get accelerated. As electron pass through the micro channels they release other electrons using a process called Cascaded secondary emission. The new electron collide with atoms creating a chain reaction result in rapid increase of electron.
- 17. 17 The micro channelsare created at a slight angle to encourage electron collision. At last the electron hit a screen coated with phosphorus. This cause phosphorus to reach exited state and release photons. This photons create green image which characterize night vision. The viewed image can be magnified and focused through occular lens.
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- 19. 19 CHARACTERISTICS Textures, lightand dark The objects that are clearly visible on day appear dark and vice versa through night vision unit. Fog and Rain Fog and rain reflect more light towards the night vision unit and this may degrade its performance.
- 20. 20 Honey comb Thisis a faint hexagonal pattern witch is the result of the manufacturing process. Black spots A few is a inherent characteristics of night vision technology which remain constant and will not increase in size or number.
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- 22. 22 EQUIPMENTS Night vision Equipmentscan be classified into three categories. Scope Goggle Cameras
- 23. 23 Scopes Scopes are monocularcan be handheld or mounted on a weapon.
- 24. 24 Goggles Goggles are binocularcan be handheld or worn on the head.
- 25. 25 Cameras Cameras with nightvision technology can send the images to a monitor or VCR for display or recording.
- 26. 26 APPLICATIONS Military LawEnforcement Hunting Wild life observation Surveillance Security Navigation Hidden object detection Entertainment
- 27. 27 ADVANTAGES Night visiondevices are compact in size and is easily portable. It is widely used in military purposes so it is reliable. It’s working is very simple so it is easy to use. It is designed for a long life.
- 28. 28 DISADVANTAGES Night visiondevices is very costly. It cannot properly be used in rain and fog as it degrade its performance. Poor quality images due to black spots.
- 29. 29 CONCLUSION The new generationbegan to discover the unique world that can be found after darkness falls. Thus in the modern times night vision technology become a part of our daily life. Night vision devices can be useful to you – just be sure to get the right type of your needs.