anti malarial drugs

anti malarial drugs

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  Post graduate collegeof nursing lahore
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  objectives At the endof this presentation the learner will be able to: Define the anti malarial drugs. Recognize the Actions of antimalarial drugs. Describe the Indications of antimalarial drugs . Discuss the contraindications.  Identify the Toxic effects. Interpret the dose of antimalarial drugs. Identify the Nursing Interventions .
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  What is malaria? Itis a protozoal disease characterized by paroxysms of chills ,fever and invasion of red blood cells by parasite plasmodium.
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  Types of malaria •There are four species of plasmodium (malarial parasite). • Plasmodium vivax (most common) • Plasmodium malaria • Plasmodium ovale • Plasmodium falciparum ( most dangerous)
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  Anti malarial drugs •Chloroquine • Resochin • Fansidar
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  Chloquine • It haslong been used in the treatment or prevention of malaria. After the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum started to develop.
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  Actions • Chloroquine isan aminoquinoline. It is thought to kill sensitive malaria parasites by stopping normal metabolism inside the parasite.
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  Indication • Chloroquine canbe used for preventing malaria from Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae.
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  Contra indication • Allergy •Pregnany • If you have psoriasis, stomach or intestinal problems, liver disease, or central nervous system problems
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  Toxic effects • Sideeffects include gastrointestinal problems, stomachache, itch, headache, • postural hypotension, nightmares and blurred vision. • Another serious side effect is toxicity to the eye or Chloroquine retinopathy.
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  Dosage • Artemether-lumefantrine (artem™) 1tablet = 20mg artemether and 120 mg lumefantrine 3-day treatment schedule with a total of 6 oral doses. The patient should receive the initial dose, followed by the second dose 8 hours later, then 1 dose po bid for the following 2 days.
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  Fansidar • Generic name:sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine • Treating and preventing malaria when other medicines (eg, chloroquine) are not effective or appropriate.
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  Actions • Fansidar isan antimalarial agent. It works by blocking the formation of folinic acid within the malaria organism, which kills the parasite.
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  Indications Prevention of FalciparumMalaria that is Resistant to Chloroquine.
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  Conta indications • Pregnancy •Breast feeding • Allergy • anemia
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  Toxic effects • Diarrhea •Dizziness • Headache • Nausea • Vomiting.
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  Dosage • For adults;2 to 3 tablets taken as a single dose. Once Weekly 1 tablet Once Every 2 Weeks 2 tablets. • For children; The dosage for treatment of malaria in children is based upon body weight
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  Nursing interventions • TakeFansidar after a meal. • Swallow Fansidar whole. Do not break, crush, or chew before swallowing. • Drinking extra fluids while you are taking Fansidar is recommended. • If you miss a dose of Fansidar, take it as soon as possible. Do not take 2 doses at once.
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  References • www.wikipedia.com • www.clinicalnursing.com •www.webmed.com • Danish,I.(2012).Medical Diagnosis And Management.(11th ed).karachi.paramount publishing enterprize.