The document discusses NoSQL databases and big data frameworks. It defines NoSQL databases as next generation databases that are non-relational, distributed, open-source and horizontally scalable. It describes four main categories of NoSQL databases - document databases, key-value stores, column-oriented databases and graph databases. It also discusses properties of NoSQL databases and provides examples of popular NoSQL databases. The document then discusses big data frameworks like Hadoop and its ecosystem including HDFS, MapReduce, YARN and Hadoop Common. It provides details on how these components work together to process large datasets in a distributed manner.