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«NoSQL Databases and Polyglot Persistence»
This document discusses polyglot persistence, which is using multiple data storage technologies chosen based on how applications use data. It covers NoSQL databases including key-value stores, column-family stores, document databases and graph databases. Common polyglot persistence patterns are described like using a relational database for transactions, a key-value store for sessions, and a document database for product catalogs. The challenges of a science warehouse project are presented, and using a polyglot approach with NoSQL databases for logging and price history is proposed as a solution.
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«NoSQL Databases and Polyglot Persistence»
- 1. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL NoSQL Databases and Polyglot Persistence Sergey Kovalev, Senior Java Developer, [email protected]
- 2. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 2 The Challenge “One Size Does Not Fit All”
- 3. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 3 • What is Polyglot Persistence? • RDBMS vs NoSQL • NoSQL DB types • Polyglot Persistence Patterns • Real project experience Agenda:
- 4. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL Polyglot Persistence - 4 Using multiple data storage technologies, chosen based upon the way data is being used by individual applications or components of single application. Martin Fowler http://martinfowler.com/articles/nosql-intro.pdf What is Polyglot Persistence?
- 5. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 5 NoSQL Zooo What is Polyglot Persistence? http://nosql-databases.org 150+ NoSQL databases
- 6. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 6 What is Polyglot Persistence? Who use polyglot persistence?
- 7. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 7 • What is Polyglot Persistence? • RDBMS vs NoSQL • NoSQL DB types • Polyglot Persistence Patterns • Real project experience Agenda:
- 8. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL RDMS are great 8 • Widely used and understood • Tested in real environments • Efficient use of storage space if data normalized properly • Great tools support ACID semantics • Incredibly flexible and powerful query language • Great framework support RDBMS vs NoSQL
- 9. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL RDBMS have limitations 9 • Complex object graphs does not map very well with flat tables. • Strict Schema • Difficult to evolve Schema with time. • Data constraints and JOINs can be expensive at runtime. • Difficult to scale horizontally. RDBMS vs NoSQL
- 10. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL NoSQL features 10 • Flexible schema • Easy to scale horizontally to add processing power and storage • High Performance RDBMS vs NoSQL
- 11. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 11 • What is Polyglot Persistence? • RDBMS vs NoSQL • NoSQL DB types • Polyglot Persistence Patterns • Real project experience Agenda:
- 12. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL Key Value Stores 12 • A key-value store is a simple hash table • Primarily used when all access to the database is via primary key • Value is a blob with the data store not caring or knowing what is inside NoSQL DB types
- 13. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL Column-Family Stores 13 • Store data in column families as rows that have many columns associated with a row key • Column families are groups of related data, often accessed together • Aggregate-Oriented NoSQL DB types
- 14. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 14 NoSQL DB types Document Databases • Stores and retrieves documents, which can be XML, JSON, BSON, … • Documents are self-describing, hierarchical tree data structures which can consist of maps, collections and scalar values • Aggregate-Oriented
- 15. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 15 NoSQL DB types Graph Databases • Allow to store entities and relationships between these entities • Entities are known as nodes, which have properties • Relations are known as edges, which also have properties
- 16. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 16 • What is Polyglot Persistence? • RDBMS vs NoSQL • NoSQL DB types • Polyglot Persistence Patterns • Real project experience Agenda:
- 17. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL RDBMS 17 • Transactional data (payment and account) in a ACID compliant traditional RDBMS stores such as MySQL or Oracle. • Reporting Tools Polyglot Persistence Patterns RDBMS Web application Reporting Tools Transactional data
- 18. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL Key Value Stores 18 • Session data in Redis or Hazelcast. Session data requires faster read and write but not durability. • Shopping cart data in a high availability and fault-tolerance data store such as Riak. Polyglot Persistence Patterns RDBMS Web application Reporting Tools Transactional data Key-Value store Sessions and Shopping cart
- 19. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL Column-Family Stores 19 • Log level data (audit and activity) in a very high write throughput data store such as Cassandra. • Also good for analytic and real-time data mining such as product ranking Polyglot Persistence Patterns RDBMS Web application Reporting Tools Transactional data Key-Value store Sessions and Shopping cart Column-Family store Logging Analytic
- 20. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL Document Databases 20 • Product catalogue in a document oriented data store such as MongoDB. Requirement include high read throughput, frequent data change (stock level information) • Customer profile data including purchase history, shipping & billing address Polyglot Persistence Patterns Web application Reporting Tools Transactional data Key-Value store Sessions and Shopping cart Column-Family store Logging Analytic Document store RDBMS Product catalogue
- 21. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL Graph Databases 21 • Data for product recommendations, related products and similar products in a graph database such as Neo4j. Polyglot Persistence Patterns Web application Reporting Tools Transactional data Key-Value store Sessions and Shopping cart Column-Family store Logging Analytic Document store RDBMS Product catalogue Graph Databases Social graph
- 22. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL Summary 22 Polyglot Persistence Patterns
- 23. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 23 • What is Polyglot Persistence? • RDBMS vs NoSQL • NoSQL DB types • Polyglot Persistence Patterns • Real project experience Agenda:
- 24. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL ScienceWarehouse challenges 24 • Hundreds of thousands of records are added to the database daily • Visitors’ activities logging generates huge amount of write queries • Price table contains approximately 100,000,000 records • Price history table contains approximately 500.000.000 • Data rapidly grows Real project experience
- 25. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 25 • Upgrade hardware (vertical scaling) • Upgrade to the Oracle Database Enterprise Edition Options for ScienceWarehause • Use NoSQL and Polyglot Persistence or Real project experience
- 26. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 26 Real project experience Solutions for ScienceWarehouse • Add a caching layer • Write the log data on visitors’ activities to a NoSQL database (Cassandra or HBase) • Move price history(500,000,000 records table) information to NoSQL data base(Cassandra or HBase)
- 27. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 27 Real project experience ScienceWarehouse High Level Architecture Web application Legacy DB Key-Value store Sessions and Shopping cart Column-Family store Logging Analytic RDBMS
- 28. © ALTOROS Systems| CONFIDENTIAL 28 Sergey Kovalev, Senior Java Developer, [email protected] NoSQL Databases and Polyglot Persistence