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NoSQL(NOT ONLY SQL)
- 1. NoSQL “NOT ONLY SQL” RahulP CPS 5 Roll No:36
- 2. Why NoSQL Theterm “NoSQL” was first used by Carlo Strozzi The term “NoSQL” is often interpreted as “Not only SQL” Technical limitations shared by the majority of relational database implementations Unprecedented transaction volumes Expectations of low-latency access to massive datasets, Nearly perfect service availability while operating in an unreliable environment scalability, latency, and availability
- 3. DEFINITION A NoSQL (ofteninterpreted as Not Only SQL) database provides a mechanism for storage and retrieval of data that is modeled in means other than the tabular relations used in relational databases.
- 4. Features Schema-less Sharednothing architecture Sharding Asynchronous replication Follows CAP or BASE instead of ACID
- 5. Types of NosqlDatabases Key-value store Database Eg: Redis, Riak, Voldemort, MemCached Column-Family Database Eg: BigTable, HBase, Cassandra Document store Database Eg: SimpleDB, MongoDB, CouchDB Graph Database Eg: Neo4j
- 6. Key-value store Database The simplest type of NoSQL Database Use Key-Value pairs in a hash table Unique Key as pointer to a Value RDBs pre-define the data structure Treat the data as a single opaque collection which may have different fields for every record
- 7. When not use Relationships among Data Multi operation Transactions Query by Data Operations by Sets When use Storing Session Information User Profiles, Preferences Shopping Cart Data
- 8. Column-Family Database Datastores in the cells that grouped in columns of data rather than as rows of data Columns are grouped logically into column families Columns families can contains a virtually unlimited number of columns columnar storage is compression efficiency Minimizing storage Massively Parallel Processing (MPP) capability
- 9. When not use Systems that require ACID transaction When use Event Logging Content Management Systems, Blogging Platforms Counters Expiring Usage
- 10. Document store Database Very similar to Key-Value database It are inherently a subclass of the key-value store Storing documents like XML ,JSON,BSON AND Custom It can do much more than the Key-value Store database DB must understand the content of the doc No database schema
- 11. When not use Complex Transactions Spanning Different Operations Queries against Varying Aggregate Structure When use Event Logging Content Management Systems, Blogging Web Analytics or Real-Time Analytics E-Commerce Application
- 12. Graph Database Verticesand edges –Schema free It consists of Node, Edges and Properties Adjacency list similar to 1970s network-model databases Efficient querying of data in a network Often Used to store information about networks ,such as social connections It is much more faster than RDBMS Graph is stored in a format similar to a database index, minimizing its size and retrieval time
- 13. When not use When you want to update all or a subset of entities When use Connected Data Routing, Dispatch, and Location-Based Services Recommendation Engines
- 14. BANK DATABASE Key Value 1ID:1 Joining Date: 15-July-1985 Designation: Cashier 2 ID:2 Joining Date: 19-March-1982 Designation: Manager 3 ID:3 Joining Date: 4-April-1988 Designation: Front Desk Officer Graph
- 15. Performance Scalability FlexibilityComplexity Functionality Key-Value Stores high high high none variable (none) Column Stores high high moderate low minimal Document Stores high variable(high) high low variable (low) Graph Databases variable variable high high graph theory Relational Databases variable variable low moderate relational algebra
- 16. ACID Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability
- 17. BASE Basically Available Thisconstraint states that the system does guarantee the availability of the data as regards CAP Theorem Soft state The state of the system could change over time, so even during times without input there may be changes going on due to ‘eventual consistency,’ Eventual consistency The system will eventually become consistent once it stops receiving input.
- 18. CAP Consistency All nodessee the same data at the same time. Availability A guarantee that every request receives a response about whether it was successful or failed. Partition Tolerance The system continues to operate despite arbitrary message loss.
- 19. SQL vs NoSQL complex queries The type of data to be stored Scalability High transactional based application Support Properties DB types
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- 21. Advantages Non-Relational meanstable-less Mostly Open Source Easier scalability through support for Map Reduce Big data applications No need to develop a detailed database model
- 22. Disadvantages Lack ofcommunity Lack of reporting tools Doesn’t conform to ACID properties Lack of standardization
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