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This document classifies and describes different types of computer networks and network topologies. It discusses the four main types of computer networks: personal area networks (PAN), local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN), and wide area networks (WAN). It also outlines the most common network topologies: bus, ring, star, mesh, tree, and hybrid topologies. For each topology, it provides a brief definition and lists some advantages and disadvantages.
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- 1. Note-2 Classification of Computer Networks Course Title : Computer Networks Theory Course Code : CSE 317 Submitted To Pranab Bandhu Nath Senior Lecturer, Department Of CSE City University, Dhaka Submitted By Mushahadur Rahaman Khan ID: 1834902513 BSc in CSE (Day) Batch: 49th
- 2. Computer Network : A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables the computer to communicate with another computer and share their resources, data, and applications . Type of computer network : A computer network is mainly four type . 1) LAN(Local Area Network) 2) PAN(Personal Area Network) 3) MAN(Metropolitan Area Network) 4) WAN(Wide Area Network) Personal Area Network : Personal Area Network covers an area of 10 meters. PAN includes mobile devices, tablet, and laptop. Thomas Zimmerman was the first research scientist to bring the idea of the Personal Area Network. Local Area Network : Local Area Network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects between multiple computers in a limited area of home, school, computer laboratory or office. It is a network which consists of less than 5000 interconnected devices across several buildings.
- 3. Metropolitan Area Network : An interface consisting of several LANs located within the same city is called a metropolitan area network. Wide Area Network : A WAN (wide area network) is a communication network that extends across a large geographical area such as a city or state. They can be private to connect parts of the business or they can be more universal to connect small networks together. Network Topology : Network topology refers to the physical or logical configuration of a network. It defines the way different nodes are placed and connected to each other. Periodically, the network topology can describe how data is transferred between these nodes.
- 4. Most Common Type of Network Topology : 1) Bus Topology 2) Ring Topology 3) Star Topology 4) Mesh Topology 5) Tree Topology 6) Hybrid Topology Bus Topology : Bus Topology is a topology in which all workstations or computers are connected to a main cable. Advantages of Bus topology : Low-cost cable Moderate data speeds Familiar technology Limited failure Disadvantages of Bus topology : Extensive cabling Difficult troubleshooting Signal interference Reconfiguration difficult Ring Topology : In Ring Topology, each computer is connected to its surroundings. ... In this system, when a computer sends data, it rotates in a circle until the recipient computer receives the data.
- 5. Advantages of Ring topology : It has cheap installation and expansion Cost is very low Reliable Disadvantages of Ring topology : If a node fails, the whole network will fail. Slow data transmission speed. Difficult to reconfigure Star topology : The topology that connects other computers to a centrally controlled computer or handheld computer to form a network is called a star topology. ... In this topology, if a computer breaks down or breaks down, it has no effect on the network.
- 6. Advantages of Star topology : Centralized control. Easy to troubleshoot If a node fails, it will not affect other nodes. Easy to reconfigure and upgrade Disadvantages of Star topology : If the central device fails, the network will fail. All the nodes are dependent on the hub. The installation cost is extreme. Tree topology : The topology in which computers are arranged like branches of a tree is called tree topology. In this topology one or more levels of computer are connected to the host computer. Advantages of Tree topology : sent over long distances easy to maintain and manage easy to detect an error in the network Disadvantages of Tree topology : It is profoundly cabled, very high costly. Reconfiguration difficult
- 7. Mesh topology : If there are additional connections between devices or computers in a network, it is called Mesh Topology. It has a lot of security in data communication and network problems can be solved very easily. Mesh topology can be formed by using the formula: Number of cables = (n*(n-1))/2; Advantages of Mesh topology : Very fast communication. Easier Reconfiguration Reliable Disadvantages of Mesh topology : Very high cabling required. Cost inefficient to implement. very difficult to maintain and manage. Hybrid topology : A network topology consisting of bus, star, ring, etc. topologies is called hybrid topology. The Internet, for example, is one such topology.
- 8. Advantages of Hybrid topology : It can handle a large volume of nodes. Very Reliable It is a flexible network topology, making it quite effective. Disadvantages of Hybrid topology : Complex design Costly Hub Costly infrastructure Reference : 1. https://www.javatpoint.com/types-of-computer-network 2. https://www.tutorialsmate.com/2020/05/types-of-computer-networks.html 3. https://www.educba.com/types-of-network-topology/ 4. https://www.educba.com/types-of-network-topology/ 5. https://systemzone.net/computer-network-topology-outline/ 6. https://www.tek-tools.com/network/best-network-topology-software