NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS- A FLASHCARD

NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS- A FLASHCARD

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  NOVEL/ CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FLASHCARD FORGPAT PHARMA IQ EDUCATION INSTAGRAM- https://www.instagram.com/priyansha_econnect_6 48/ for notes/ queries/ doubts CONTACT US ON- [email protected]
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  DRUG RELEASE PROFILE IN CDDS ZERO ORDER RELEASE Thedelivery rate remains constant until the device is exhausted of the active agent FIRST ORDER RELEASE The release rate is directly proportion to the amount of active ingredient loaded in the device SQUARE ROOT OF TIME RELEASE Release of drug is linear with the reciprocal of the square root of times. Release rate remains finite even after the device approaches exhaustion
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  Drug release profiles graph
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  ZERO ORDER RELEASE FIRST ORDER RELEASE SQUAREROOT OF TIME
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  CLASSIFICATION OF CONTROLLEDRELEASE SYSTEMS CONTOLLED RELEASE SYSTEMS EXAMPLES Diffusion controlled systems Matrix systems, reservoir systems Dissolution controlled systems Matrix systems, reservoir systems Water penetration controlled systems Swelling controlled systems, osmotically regulated systems Chemically controlled water systems Biodegradable/ bio-erodible system, ion exchange resins, pendant systems Regulated systems Magnetic, ultrasound, chemical release systems
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  DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MATRIX& RESERVOIR SYSTEM MATRIX SYSTEM RESERVOIR SYSTEM Achievement of zero order is difficult Achievement of zero order is easy Suitable for both degradable & non- degradable systems Degradable reservoir systems may be difficult to design No danger of dose dumping Rupture can cause high risk of dose dumping Not all drugs can be blended with a given polymeric matrix Drug inactivation by contact with the polymeric matrix can be avoided Can deliver high molecular wt. components Difficult to deliver high molecular wt. components
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  RETARDANTS USED INMATRIX TABLET FORMULATION MATRIX CHARACTERISTICS MATERIAL INSOLUBLE, INERT Polyethylene Polyvinyl chloride Methyl acrylate- methacrylate copolymer Ethyl cellulose INSOLUBLE, ERODIBLE Carnauba wax Stearyl alcohol Stearic acid Polyethylene glycol Castor wax Polyethylene glycol monostearate Triglycerides
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  CLASSIFICATION OF NOVELDRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM DEFINITION LIPOSOMES Liposomes are small vesicles in bilayer form composed of phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine) but may also include other lipids like egg phosphatidylethanolamine, as long as they are compatible with lipid bilayer structure. NIOSOMES They are a promising vehicle for drug delivery & being non-ionic. Have a better stability than liposome & have physical properties similar to liposomes NANOPARTICLES They are defined as particulate dispersion or solid nanoparticles of the size 10-1000nm. Nanoparticles are used to target drugs to spleen & tumor cells also by I.V. route. MICROSPHERES/ MICROPARTICLES They are small spherical particles with diameters in the micrometer range (typical 1um to 1000um or 1mm). Drugs are dispersed in polymeric matrix TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS These are formulations that are applied to the body surface & are designed to deliver the active drugs across the skin, into the systemic circulation.
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  CLASSIFICATION OF NOVELDRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS contd... DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION RESEALED ERYTHROCYTES Prepared by dipping RBCs in hypotonic media which leads to rupturing of cell membrane & formation of small pores. When RBCs are again placed in an isotonic membrane @ 37C resealing of membrane takes place with the drugs. DENDRIMERS It is typically symmetric around the core and often adopts a spherical 3D morphology ZYDIS SYSTEMS Drug dissolved/ suspended in an aq. Matrix is filled into preformed cavities in a blister pack, after that the solution is frozen and water is removed by lyophilization mechanism ANTIBODY TARGETED SYSTEMS It consists of either a drug molecule linked covalently to the antibody/ vesicles (liposomes) containing drug attached to antibody. Monoclonal antibody species for antigen or tumor cells can be used for targeting of cytotoxic drugs IONOPHORETIC SYSTEM In this a small electrical charge facilitates & controls drug movement from the anode to the cathode and also through the biological membrane
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  FORMULATION OF TRANSDERMALDRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FORMULATION FUNCTION Backing films Protects the active layer & safeguard the stability of the system. It is applied to affect skin permeation & tolerance, depending on occlusion/ breathability Release liners Used to protect the system as long as it is in the package. It also plays a crucial role in the stability of the product Pressure sensitive adhesives It has a critical effect on the stability of the system. Role is to release the API and accurate administration of the drug Active ingredients The drug should have M.W. < 1000 Da, it should have or affinity for both lipophilic & hydrophilic phases, drug should have low M.P. Permeation enhancers Increase the penetrability of the formulation by 3 mechanisms- LIPID ACTION, PROTEIN MODIFICATION & PARTITIONING PROMOTION Microporous Limit the flow of the semisolid content from the liquid reservoir, and to act as a rate limiting membrane. Pouching materials Increases the stability & integrity of the product
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  CLINICALLY APPROVED LIPOSOMAL FORMULATIONS ACTIVEINGREDIENT TRADE NAME Amphotericin B Ambisome, Ambelcet, Amphotec Cytarabine DepoCyt Daunorubicin DaunoXome Doxorubicin Myocet, Doxil/ Caelex Morphine DepoDur Verteporfin Visudyne Vincristine sulfate Marqibo Epaxal Inactivated hepatitis A viral strain RG-SB