This document defines sets and real numbers. It discusses:
- Sets can be represented by uppercase letters and elements by lowercase letters. Operations on sets include union, intersection, difference, and complement.
- The real number system includes natural numbers, integers, rational numbers, irrational numbers, and transcendental numbers. Real numbers are represented by R.
- Properties of real numbers under operations like addition, multiplication, distributivity, identity, inverses, and inequalities are explained. Desigualdades (inequalities) can be absolute or conditional.