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GREEN ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Salient features of the Revised Forestry Code, as amended Salient features of the Chainsaw Act Salient features of Wildlife Act
WHAT IS A FOREST? The FAO defines forest as: “land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees higher than 5 meters and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS DERIVED FROM A FORESTS?
Understanding and Managing the Effects of Climate Change on Ecosystem Services in the Rocky Mountains - Scientific Figure on ResearchGate. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Major- classes-of-forest-services-as-adapted-from-the-Millennium-Ecosystem-Assessment_fig1_320063376 [accessed 14 May, 2023]
WHAT IS A TREE WORTH? A tree living for 50 years will: • Generate Php1.547 million worth of oxygen • Provide Php2.575 million worth of air pollution control • Control soil erosion and increase soil fertility worth Php1.426 million; • Recycle or purify Php2.054 million worth of water; and, • Provide home for animals worth Php1.425 million • TOTAL : 9.0275 Million plus the value of timber, fruits or beauty derived from it Ref: Forest Benefits. Ppt prepared by Prof. Rose Jane Peras for SFFG 111. UPLB-CFNR
TOTAL LAND AREA 30,000,000 hectares THE PHILIPPINES’ LAND CLASSIFICATION 52.7% 15.8M ha. 47.34% 14.2M ha. FOREST LANDS A & D LANDS
Source: Philippine Forestry Statistics 2022. DENR-FMB.
Source: Philippine Forestry Statistics 2021. DENR-FMB. Retrieved on 14 May 2023 at https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V2JS74-DPvMc4A8r3AJwrMDoAmXptI9f/view?pli=1
OKSI Mindoro powerpoint for the training.pptx
Ref: Philippine Forests at a Glance, 2022 Edition. DENR – Forest Management Bureau, Visayas Ave., Diliman, Quezon City: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kbIk1TRHepnwRRkSPqx0D35NMfT1umlx/view
Source: Philippine Forestry Statistics 2021. DENR-FMB. Retrieved on 14 May 2023 at https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V2JS74-DPvMc4A8r3AJwrMDoAmXptI9f/view?pli=1
2021 FOREST PROTECTION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT Ref: Philippine Forests at a Glance, 2022 Edition. DENR – Forest Management Bureau, Visayas Ave., Diliman, Quezon City: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kbIk1TRHepnwRRkSPqx0D35NMfT1umlx/view
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF FOREST LOSS?  forest extraction (logging – legal and illegal),  agricultural expansion (upland cultivation in forest areas), and  infrastructure development (demand for timber products, roadside clearing, and river bound colonization)  Ref: Carandang, Antonio P. et.al., 2013, Analysis of Key Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation in the Philippines. Manila, Philippines: : Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH.
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 705 REVISED FORESTRY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES MAY 19, 1975 This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
DEFINITION OF TERMS  Timber  Wood material which include standing trees in a form suitable for construction, carpentry, joinery, or reconversion for manufacturing purposes. Ref: Australian Standard/ New Zealand Standard 4491.Glossary of Terms in Timber-related Standards.1997. https://forestry.denr.gov.ph/pdf/ref/compiled_terms.pdf  Any piece of wood having an average diameter of at least 15 centimeters and at least 1.5 meters long, except all mangrove species which in all cases, shall be considered as timber regardless of size. Ref: Primer on Illegal Logging; Legal Affairs Office,DENR
Mustang Lumber, Inc. v. Court of Appeals | G.R. No. 104988 | June 18, 1996 See also: Tan v. People of the Philippines | G.R. No. 115507 | May 19, 1998 Lalican v. Hon. Vergara | G.R. No. 108619 | July 31, 1997 lumber = timber Facts: In April 1990, an organized team of foresters and policemen conducted surveillance operation at the Mustang’s lumber yard. They saw a truck loaded with lauan and almaciga lumber from the lumberyard. The team seized the truck together with its cargo when the driver could not produce the required invoices and transport documents. They also subjected the remaining stockpile of lumber to administrative seizure. Jurisprudence
Mustang Lumber, Inc. v. Court of Appeals | G.R. No. 104988 | June 18, 1996 See also: Tan v. People of the Philippines | G.R. No. 115507 | May 19, 1998 Lalican v. Hon. Vergara | G.R. No. 108619 | July 31, 1997 lumber = timber Issue: W/N the charge of illegal possession of “lumber” is excluded from the crime of illegal possession of “timber” as defined in Sec. 68 of Presidential Decree No. 705, as amended? Jurisprudence
Mustang Lumber, Inc. v. Court of Appeals | G.R. No. 104988 | June 18, 1996 See also: Tan v. People of the Philippines | G.R. No. 115507 | May 19, 1998 Lalican v. Hon. Vergara | G.R. No. 108619 | July 31, 1997 lumber = timber Ruling: The Revised Forestry Code contains no definition of either timber or lumber. While the former is included in forest products as defined in paragraph (q) of Section 3, the latter is found in paragraph (aa) of the same section in the definition of processing plant.. In other words, lumber is a processed log or timber. It is settled that in the absence of legislative intent to the contrary, words and phrases used in a statute should be given their plain, ordinary, and common usage meaning. And insofar as possession of timber without the required legal documents is concerned, Section 68 of P.D. No. 705, as amended, makes no distinction between raw or processed timber. Neither should the Court. Jurisprudence
DEFINITION OF TERMS  Forest products means timber, pulpwood, firewood, bark, tree top, resin, gum, wood, oil, honey, beeswax, nipa, rattan, or other forest growth such as grass, shrub, and flowering plant, the associated water, fish, game, scenic, historical, recreational and geologic resources in forest lands. (Ref: PD 705) This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
PROHIBITED ACTS AND PENALTIES
SECTION 77: CUTTING, GATHERING, COLLECTING AND POSSESSING TIMBER, OR OTHER FOREST PRODUCTSWITHOUT AUTHORITY. Three forms of violation: Cut Gather Collect Remove Timber or other forest products in forest lands without any permit Cut Gather Collect Remove Timber in public or private lands without a permit Mere possession Timber or other forest products without a permit
Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence a.) Cutting, gathering, collecting or removing of timber or other forest products from any forest land without authority. 1.There must be cutting, gathering, collecting or removing of timber or other forest products; The timber or other forest products is cut, gathered, collected or removed from any forest land; 3. The cutting, gathering, collecting or removing without authority. Refer to the range of penalties under Articles 309 and 310 of the Revised Penal Code. For partnerships, associations, or corporations, the officers who ordered the cutting, gathering, collection or possession shall be liable and if such officers are aliens, they shall, in addition to the penalty, be deported without further proceedings on the part of the Commission on Immigration and Deportation. Other penalty: Confiscation of timber or any forest products, machinery, equipment, 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory and scaled report of timber and forest products 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits SECTION 77: CUTTING, GATHERING, AND/OR COLLECTING TIMBER, OR OTHER FOREST PRODUCTSWITHOUT AUTHORITY.
Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence b.) Cutting, gathering, collecting or removing of timber or other forest products from public or private land without authority. 1.There must be cutting, gathering, collecting or removing of timber; 2. The timber is cut, gathered, collected or removed from alienable or disposable public land or from private land; The cutting, gathering, collecting or removing without authority. Refer to the range of penalties under Articles 309 and 310 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended. For partnerships, associations, or corporations, the officers who ordered the cutting, gathering, collection or possession shall be liable and if such officers are aliens, they shall, in addition to the penalty, be deported without further proceedings on the part of the Commission on Immigration and Deportation. Other penalty: Confiscation of timber or any forest products, machinery, equipment 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated timber and forest products 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits SECTION 77: CUTTING, GATHERING, AND/OR COLLECTING TIMBER, OR OTHER FOREST PRODUCTS WITHOUT AUTHORITY.
Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence c.) Possession of timber of other forest products without the legal documents as required under existing forest laws and regulations 1. Possession of timber or other forest products; 2. The possession is without the legal documents as required under existing forest laws. Refer to the range of penalties under Articles 309 and 310 of the Revised Penal Code For partnerships, associations, or corporations, the officers who ordered the cutting, gathering, collection or possession shall be liable and if such officers are aliens, they shall, in addition to the penalty, be deported without further proceedings on the part of the Commission on Immigration and Deportation. Other penalty: Confiscation of timber or any forest products, machinery, equipment 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated timber and forest products 5. Auxiliary Invoice 6. Apprehension Report 7.Turn-over receipt 8. Judicial Affidavits SECTION 77: CUTTING, GATHERING, AND/OR COLLECTING TIMBER, OR OTHER FOREST PRODUCTSWITHOUT AUTHORITY.
IDANAN, ET.AL., V. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES | G.R. NO. 193313 | MARCH 16, 2016 FACTS: In the morning of 16 October 2005, the Panganiban PNP in the Province of Catanduanes received an information that a group of illegal loggers will be transporting narra flitches. The OIC Chief of Police Inspector and five (5) other policemen were patrolling when they spotted an Isuzu Elf truck loaded with lumber. They found out that Idanan was the driver while Del Barrio and Plopenio were the passengers. Vargas and Tulod were seen hauling lumber to be loaded into the truck. They were not able to produce any document authorizing them to transport lumber so they were placed under arrest. They were charged with violation of Section 68 of the PD 705. Jurisprudence
IDANAN, ET.AL., V. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES | G.R. NO. 193313 | MARCH 16, 2016 ISSUE W/N Idanan,, et.al., should be held liable for violation of illegal possession of lumber under Section 68 of PD 705, as amended. Jurisprudence
IDANAN, ET.AL., V. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES | G.R. NO. 193313 | MARCH 16, 2016 Ruling: Yes, under Section 68, of PD 705, as amended, i.e., of possessing and in control of 29 pieces of narra lumber without the legal requirements as required under existing forest laws and regulations. Mere possession of timber or other forest products without the proper legal documents, even absent malice, or criminal intent, is illegal. It would make no difference at all whether the ownership of the lumber pertains to only one accused. Jurisprudence
SECTION 78: UNLAWFUL OCCUPATION OR DESTRUCTION OF FOREST LANDS AND GRAZING LANDS Violation Elements Penalty Recommended evidence Unlawful occupation of forest lands and grazing lands • a. Any person who: • 1. enters and occupies or possesses forest land; • 2. makes kaingin for his own private use or for others • b. without authority (under a license, agreement, lease, license or permit) 1. Imprisonment of not less than six (6) months nor more than two (2) years 2. Fine of not less than P500, nor more than P20,000.00 3. Payment of ten (10) times the rental fees and charges 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt, if any 4. Inventory of destroyed timber and forest products 5. Apprehension Report, if any. 6. Auxiliary invoice 7.Turn-over receipt 8. Judicial Affidavits
SECTION 78: UNLAWFUL OCCUPATION OR DESTRUCTION OF FOREST LANDS AND GRAZING LANDS Violation Elements Penalty Recommended evidence Unlawful destruction of forest lands and grazing lands • c. Any person who in any manner: • 1. destroys forest land or part thereof • 2. causes damage to the timber stand and other products and forest growth found therein; • • 3. assists, aids or abets any other person to do so • 4. or sets a fire, or negligently permits a fire to be set in any forest land For Kaingin making: a. Imprisonment for not less than two (2) nor more than 4 years; and, b. Fine equal to eight (8) times the regular forest charges due on the forest products destroyed, c. As determined by the DENR, payment of the full cost of restoration of the occupied area. 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt, if any 4. Inventory of destroyed timber and forest products 5. Apprehension Report, if any. 6. Auxiliary invoice 7.Turn-over receipt 8. Judicial Affidavits
SECTION 79. PASTURING LIVESTOCK Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Pasturing livestock • A. Any person who graze or cause to graze livestock in forest lands, grazing lands and alienable and disposable lands; • b. Such person is without authority under a lease, or permit, 1. Imprisonment for not less than six (6) months nor more than two (2) years; and, 2. a fine equal to ten (10) times the regular rentals due, 3. confiscation of such livestock and all improvement introduced in the area in favor of the government 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt, if any 4. Inventory of livestock and improvement introduced in the area. 5. Apprehension Report, if any 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Illegal Occupation of National Parks System and Recreation Areas and Vandalism • A. Any person who shall - • 1. occupy for any length of time and portion of the national parks system; • 2. cut, destroy, damage or remove timber or any species of vegetation or forest cover and other natural resources found therein; • 3. mutilate, deface or destroy objects of natural beauty or of scenic value within areas in the national parks system; • b. Such person is without permit 1. fine not less than two hundred (P200.00) pesos or more than five hundred (P500.00) pesos exclusive of the value of the thing damaged; 2. Restoration or compensation for the restoration of the damage, 3. eviction of the offender and forfeiture of all timber or an species of vegetation collected or removed and any construction or improvement made thereon 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated timber and forest products 5. Auxiliary invoice 6. Apprehension Report 7.Turn-over receipt 8. Judicial Affidavits SECTION 80. Illegal Occupation of National Parks System and Recreation Areas and Vandalism
SECTION 81. DESTRUCTION OFWILDLIFE RESOURCES Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Destruction of Wildlife Resources • A. Any person who shall hunt wildlife in forest lands • B. Such person is without permit 1. fine not less than one hundred (P100.00) pesos for each such violation; and, 2, denial of a permit for a period of three (3) years from the date of the violation. 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of destroyed wildlife resources 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
SECTION 82. SURVEY BY UNAUTHORIZED PERSON Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Survey by Unauthorized Person • A. Any person who enter any forest lands; • B. Such person conduct or undertake a survey for whatever purpose; • B. Such person is without permit to survey from the DENR 1. Imprisonment for not less than two (2) nor more than four (4) years; 2. confiscation of the implements used in the violation; and, 3. cancellation of the license 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt of implements used and license; 4. Inventory of implements 5. Apprehension Report 6. Judicial Affidavits
REGULATIONS ON CERTAIN TYPES OF TREES Species Type Management Status Applicable Regulation Narra Cutting/harvesting is strictly regulated DAO 93-58; DENR MC No. 90-22 Almaciga Banned DAO 87-74 Kalantas, lanete, dao, betis Allowed only on private lands DAO 87-78; DAO 92-46 Bolong-eta, kamagong, lumbayao, ipil, sangilo, manggis supa Cutting in public forest when less than 60 cm in diameter measured at four feet from the ground Act No. 3572, November 26, 1929
REGULATIONS ON CERTAIN TYPES OF TREES Species Type Management Status Applicable Regulation Tindalo, akle, molave Cutting in public forest when less than 60 cm in diameter measured at four feet from the ground Act No. 3572, November 26, 1929 Fruit trees (Incl: macopa, yambo, boboa, alupag, batuan, mangosteen, pili, balobo, bayabas, durian, baluno, bulala, gumihan, marang, nangka, lansones, mabolo, alupag-amo, pajo/pajutan Permit to cut needed Act No. 2812 (1919) All mangrove species Cutting of all mangrove species is prohibited RA 7161
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC Chainsaw Act of 2002 RA No. 9175 IRR : DAO No. 2003-24
POLICY OF THE STATE 1. Pursue an aggressive forest protection program geared towards eliminating illegal logging and other forms of forest destruction which are being facilitated with the use of chain saws. 2. Regulate the ownership, possession, sale, transfer, importation and/or use of chain saws to prevent them from being used in illegal logging or unauthorized clearing of forests.
CHAINSAW  Chainsaw – refers to any portable power saw or similar cutting implement rendered operative by an electric or internal combustion engine or similar means that may be used for, but is not limited to, the felling of trees or the cutting of timber. This includes chainsaw, portable rotary lathe, mobile/portable band saw, wood mizer, mobile/portable wood chipper, or wood edger.  DAO No. 2018-09; 27 June 2018) Subject: Amending Section 3 of DENR DAO No. 2003-24 Implementing RA 9175 otherwise known as the Chainsaw Act of 2002 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1I_GjF7N5DHwCqRPc1Qsr_J9hpqPovaw4/view https://pixabay.com/photos/wood-chainsaw-tree-artwork- 1728019/ https://www.toportable.com/products/ portable-lathe/ https://www.ubuy.com.ph/product/ 2NVWG5Z0-wood-mizer-lt15-portable- sawmill-with-19-hp-gas-engine https://www.acerentalsinc.com/product/6-inch- woodchipper/
PERSONS AUTHORIZED TO MANUFACTURE, SELL AND IMPORT CHAINSAWS? manufacturer/s, dealer/s, and/or private owner/s who is/are duly authorized by the DENR
PERSONS AUTHORIZED TO POSSESS AND USE A CHAINSAW 1. Any applicant who: (a) has a subsisting timber license agreement, production sharing agreement, or similar agreements, or a private land timber permit; (b) is an orchard and fruit tree farmer; (c) is an industrial tree farmer; (d) is a licensed wood processor and the chain saw shall be used for the cutting of timber that has been legally sold to said applicant; or (e) shall use the chain saw for a legal purpose, i.e., tree surgery, tree pruning, landscaping, timber stand improvement, other allied silvicultural activities 2. agencies of the government
SECTION 7 (PAR. 1). SELLING, PURCHASING, RE-SELLING, TRANSFERRING, DISTRIBUTING OR POSSESSING A CHAINSAW WITHOUT A PROPER PERMIT. Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Selling, Purchasing, Re-selling, Transferring, Distributing or Possessing a Chain Saw Without a Proper Permit. A. A person sells, purchases, transfer the ownership, distributes or otherwise disposes or possesses a chainsaw; and, B. Said person has no necessary permit from the Department A. imprisonment of four (4) years, two (2) months and one (1) day to six (6) years; or, B. a fine of not less than fifteen thousand pesos (P15,000.00) but not more thirty thousand pesos (30,000.00) or both at the discretion of the court; and, c. Confiscation of the chainsaw/s in favor of the government. 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated chainsaw 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
SECTION 7 (PAR. 2). UNLAWFUL IMPORTATION OR MANUFACTURING OF CHAIN SAW Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Unlawful Importation or Manufacturing of Chain Saw A. Any person who imports or manufactures a chainsaw; B. Such importation or manufacturing is without prior authorization from the Department A. imprisonment of not less than one (1) month nor more than six (6) months; and, B. fine of not less than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) for more than Four thousand pesos (P4,000.00). 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated chainsaw 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
SECTION 7 (PAR. 3). TAMPERING OF ENGINE SERIAL NUMBER Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Tampering of Engine Serial Number A. Any person has a chainsaw; B. Said person is found to have defaced or tampered with the original registered engine serial number of any chain saw unit. A. imprisonment of not less than one (1) month nor more than six (6) months; and, B. fine of not less than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) nor more than Four thousand pesos (P4,000.00). 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated chainsaw 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
SECTION 7 (PAR. 4). ACTUAL UNLAWFUL USE OF CHAINSAW Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Actual Unlawful Use of Chainsaw A. Any person who is found to be in possession of a chainsaw; and, B. Said person uses the same to cut trees and timber in forest land or elsewhere without authority from the DENR. A. imprisonment of six (6) years and one (1) day to eight (8) years; or, B. fine of not less that Thirty thousand pesos (P30,000.00) but not more than Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) or both at the discretion of the court without prejudice to being prosecuted for a separate offense that may have been simultaneously committed. C. Confiscation of chain saw in favor of the government. 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated chainsaw 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
REWARD 20% of the the value of the chainsaw unit/s Any person who voluntarily gives information leading to the recovery or confiscation of an illegally possessed or unregistered chainsaw and the resultant conviction of persons charged thereof
APPROVAL : JULY 30, 2001 PUBLICATION : AUGUST 3, 2001 EFFECTIVITY : AUGUST 18, 2001 “Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act” (Wildlife Act) Republic Act 9147 Joint DENR-DA-PCSD Administrative Order No. 2004-01 IRR prescribing the procedures and guidelines for the implementation of the Wildlife Act
OKSI Mindoro powerpoint for the training.pptx
STATE POLICY To conserve the country’s wildlife resources and their habitats for sustainability.
SCOPE OF APPLICATION · enforceable for all wildlife species found in all areas of the country, including protected areas under Republic Act No. 7586 and critical habitats · exotic species which are subject to trade, are cultured and maintained and/or bred in captivity or propagated in the country. Source: https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/07/09/1831853/e-nipas-law-protect-94-more-critical-habitats
JURISDICTION Department of Environment and Natural Resources • all terrestrial plant and animal species, all turtles and tortoises and wetland species, including crocodiles, waterbirds and all amphibians and dugong Department of Agriculture • all declared aquatic critical habitats, all aquatic resources, including but not limited to fishes, aquatic plants, invertebrates and all marine mammals, except dugong Palawan Council for Sustainable Development • all wildlife species, whether terrestrial or marine and aquatic resources, found in the Province of Palawan, in accordance with the provisions of RA 7611 (SEP Law) consistent with RA 8550 (Fisheries Code), RA 8485 (Animal Welfare Act) and RA 7586 (NIPAS Act)
THREATENED SPECIES general term to denote species of subspecies considered as critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable or other accepted categories of wildlife whose population is at risk of extinction
CRITICALLY ENDANGERED SPECIES  (lubhang nanganganib na pagkaubos) – tumutukoy sa mga buhay ilang na may matinding posibilidad ng pagkaubos o pagkawala sa kanilang likas na tirahan, sa nalalapit na panahon.
CRITICALLY ENDANGERED SPECIES https://www.rappler.com/nation/video-giant-leatherback-turtle-released-back- to-sea-balatan-camarines-sur https://pop.inquirer.net/74580/time-is-running-out-for-these-critically-endangered-species- in-the-philippines Listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, there are only about 500 Tamaraw left on Mindoro.
ENDANGERED SPECIES  (nanganganib na pagkaubos) – tumutukoy sa mga buhay ilang na hindi naman critically endangered ngunit maari na ring mawala sa kanilang likas na tirahan kung magpapatuloy ang sanhi ng kanilang pagkaubos.
ENDANGERED SPECIES Loggerhead Turtle (Carreta carreta) Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas)
VULNERABLE SPECIES  tumutukoy sa mga buhay ilang na hindi critically endangered o endangered ngunit humaharap sa iba’t ibang banta ng kanilang kaligtasan at di magtatagal ay malamang na maging endangered na rin sa nalalapit na panahon.
VULNERABLE SPECIES
OTHER THREATENED SPECIES  Species na hindi critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable ngunit nasa ilalim ng banta mula sa masamang salik
OTHER THREATENED SPECIES Mindanao horned frog (Megophrys stejnegeri) Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) Mindanao pygmy babbler (Dasycrotapha plateni)
AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA 9147 Activity Requirements/Restrictions Collection of wildlife (Section 7, RA 9147) -Should be used in accordance with Section 7, RA 9147 - quantity - should use appropriate and acceptable wildlife collection techniques with least or no detrimental effects to the existing wildlife population and their habitats -collection by indigenous people may be allowed for traditional use and not primarily for trade and shall not cover threatened species - Prior informed consent, PAMB clearance
AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147 Activity Requirements/Restrictions Possession of wildlife (Section 8, RA 9147) Collection and/or possession of by- products and derivatives (Section 9, RA 9147) -person and entity to prove financial and technical capability and facility to maintain wildlife - source was not obtained in violation of the act - source was not obtained in violation of the act - Covered by permits Source: https://www.tripadvisor.com/LocationPhotoDirectLink- g298459-d320865-i150904279-Philippine_Eagle_Center- Davao_City_Davao_del_Sur_Province_Mindanao.html
Activity Requirements/Restrictions Local transport of wildlife, by- products and derivatives (Section 10, RA 9147) Exportation and/or importation of wildlife (Section 11, RA 9147) -shall be authorized unless prejudicial to the wildlife or public health -covered by Local Transport Permit - quarantine/vet health certificate - strict compliance with the act and regulations - recipient of wildlife is technically and financially capable to maintain it AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147
Activity Requirements/Restrictions Introduction, reintroduction or restocking of endemic or indigenous wildlife (Section 12, RA 9147) Introduction of exotic wildlife (Section 13, RA 9147) - shall be allowed only for population enhancement or recovery purposes - shall be subject to scientific study public consultations with concerned individuals or entities not allowed in protected areas and critical habitats - other areas – clearance from the Secretary/authorized representative environmental impact study prior informed consent of local stakeholders -affidavit of undertaking AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147
Activity Requirements/Restrictions Scientific researches on wildlife (Section 15, RA 9147) Commercial breeding or propagation of wildlife resources (Section 17, RA 9147) - undertaking/agreement - gratuitous permit - prior informed consent If foreign –active involvement of local institution wildlife farm/culture permit environmental impact study AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147
AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147 Activity Requirements/Restrictions Bio Safety (Sec. 16 of RA. 9147) - All activities dealing with genetic engineering and pathogenic organisms - All activities requiring the importation, introduction, field release and breeding of organisms that are potentially harmful to man and environment. - Shall be reviewed in accordance with the biosafety guidelines ensuring public welfare and the protection and conservation of wildlife and their habitats -EIA is required in the following: - introduction of exotic fauna in private/public forests -Field release of any pathogenic organism; -Field testing of ge organism in an ECA or the conduct of which has been determined by DENR or DA-BPI, as posting significant risks to the environment.
Activity Requirements/Restrictions Bioprospecting (Section 14, RA 9147) - means the research, collection and utilization of biological and genetic resources for purposes of applying the knowledge derived therefrom solely for commercial purposes - shall only be allowed upon execution of a Commercial Research Agreement (CRA) with the DENR, DA or PCSD Bioprospecting Undertaking Prior informed consent from the local community, Indigenous Peoples (IPs) community, Protected Area Management Board (PAMB), private land owner Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) – when applicable and necessary If foreign – active involvement of local institution AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Killing and destroying of wildlife species Exceptions: a. when done as part of the religious rituals of established tribal groups or ICCs; and b. when the wildlife is afflicted with an incurable communicable disease Imprisonment of: 6 years and 1 day to 12 years and/or fine of 100,000 to 1 million (for species listed as critical) 4 years and 1 day to 6 years and/or fine of 50,000 to 500,000 (for endangered species)
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) c. when it is deemed necessary to put an end to the misery suffered by the wildlife d. when it is done to prevent an imminent danger to the life and limb of a human being e. when the wildlife is killed or destroyed after it has been used in authorized research or experiments 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and/or fine of 30,000 to 300,000 ( vulnerable species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and/or fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (for other threatened species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and/or fine of 10,000 to 100,000 (other wildlife species)
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Inflicting injury which cripples and/or impairs the reproductive system of wildlife species Imprisonment of: 4 years and 1 day to 6 years and/or fine of 50,000 to 500,000 (for species listed as critical) 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and/or fine of 30,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and/or fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (vulnerable species)
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Inflicting injury which cripples and/or impairs the reproductive system of wildlife species Imprisonment of: 4 years and 1 day to 6 years and/or fine of 50,000 to 500,000 (for species listed as critical) 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and/or fine of 30,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and/or fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (vulnerable species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and/or fine of 10,000 to 50,000 (threatened species) 1 month to 6 months and/or fine of 5,000 to 20,000 (other wildlife species)
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Effecting any of the following acts in critical habitat(s): - dumping of waste products detrimental to wildlife - squatting or otherwise occupying any portions of the critical habitats - mineral exploration and/or extraction - burning - logging - quarrying Imprisonment of: 1 month to eight years and/or fine of 5,000 to 5 million pesos
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Introduction, reintroduction or restocking of wildlife resources Imprisonment of: 1 month to eight years and/or fine of 5,000 to 5 million pesos
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Trading of wildlife Imprisonment of: 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and/or fine of 5,000 to 300,000 (for critical species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and/or fine of 2,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and/or fine of 1,000 to 100,000 (for vulnerable species)
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Trading of wildlife 1 month and 1 day to 6 months and/or fine of 500 to 50,000 (other threatened species) 10 days to 1 month and/or fine of 200 to 20,000 (other wildlife species)
OKSI Mindoro powerpoint for the training.pptx
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Collecting, hunting or possessing wildlife, their by-products or derivatives (note: if act committed through inappropriate techniques and devices, maximum penalty will apply) Imprisonment of: 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and fine of 30,000 to 300,000 (critical species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and a fine of 10,000 to 100,000 (vulnerable species)
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Collecting, hunting or possessing wildlife, their by-products or derivatives (note: if act committed through inappropriate techniques and devices, maximum penalty will apply) 1 month and 1 day to 6 months and a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 (other threatened species) 10 days to 1 month and a fine of 1,000 to 5,000 (other wildlife species)
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Gathering or destroying of active nests, nest trees, host plants and the like Imprisonment of: 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and fine of 30,000 to 300,000 (critical species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and a fine of 10,000 to 100,000 (vulnerable species) 1 month and 1 day to 6 months and a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 (other threatened species) 10 days to 1 month and a fine of 1,000 to 5,000 (other wildlife species) https://www.fws.gov/southeast/news/2017/07/ federal-and-state-officials-request-assistance-in- bald-eagle-nest-destruction/
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Maltreating and/or inflicting other injuries not covered by the preceding paragraph Imprisonment of: 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and a fine of 50,000 to 100,000 (critical species) 3 months and 1 day to 6 months and a fine of 20,000 to 50,000 (endangered species) 1 month and 1 day to 3 months and a fine of 5,000 to 20,000 (vulnerable species)
ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Maltreating and/or inflicting other injuries not covered by the preceding paragraph Transporting of wildlife 10 days to one month and a fine of 1,000 (other threatened species) 5 days to 10 days and a fine of 200 to 1,000 (other wildlife species) -same as above-
ADDITIONAL PENALTIES: · forfeiture of all wildlife, its derivatives or by- products, and all paraphernalia, tools and conveyances used in connection used in connection with violations of this act · if conveyance owned by third person who has no participation in knowledge of the illegal acts, same may be released to the owner · if offender is an alien – deportation after service of sentence and payment of fines
IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS AND OTHER ISSUANCES  Joint DENR-DA-PCSD Administrative Order No. 1 (series of 2004) - Republic Act No. 9147.  DENR Administrative Order No. 2007-02 “Guidelines on the Establishment and Management of Critical Habitats” (February 28, 2007),  DENR Administrative Order No. 2007-01 “Establishing the National List of Threatened Philippine Plants and their Categories” and  JOINT DENR-DA-PCSD-NCIP Administrative Order No. 1, series of 2005 “Guidelines for Bioprospecting Activities in the Philippines”.
FLAGSHIP SPECIES Initiated by the LGUs Endemic species shall serve as emblems of conservation for the concerned LGU. https://sbo.itogon.gov.ph/2021/11/02/municipal-fauna-flagship-species/ Itogon Municipal Fauna Flagship Species
Email us at: info@tanggolkalikasan.org MANILA OFFICE Unit 1213 Corporate 145 Bldg. Mother Ignacia Ave. Brgy. South Triangle, Quezon City, 1103 Philippines Telefax: +632 8 363 8341 SOUTHERN LUZON Purok Agawin, Villa Juliana Subdivision, Ibabang Dupay, Lucena City, 4301 Philippines Smart: +63 961 564 4583 Globe: +63 945 337 0054 TANGGOL KALIKASAN, INC.
THANK YOU!!

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OKSI Mindoro powerpoint for the training.pptx

  • 2. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Salient features of the Revised Forestry Code, as amended Salient features of the Chainsaw Act Salient features of Wildlife Act
  • 3. WHAT IS A FOREST? The FAO defines forest as: “land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees higher than 5 meters and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
  • 4. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS DERIVED FROM A FORESTS?
  • 5. Understanding and Managing the Effects of Climate Change on Ecosystem Services in the Rocky Mountains - Scientific Figure on ResearchGate. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Major- classes-of-forest-services-as-adapted-from-the-Millennium-Ecosystem-Assessment_fig1_320063376 [accessed 14 May, 2023]
  • 6. WHAT IS A TREE WORTH? A tree living for 50 years will: • Generate Php1.547 million worth of oxygen • Provide Php2.575 million worth of air pollution control • Control soil erosion and increase soil fertility worth Php1.426 million; • Recycle or purify Php2.054 million worth of water; and, • Provide home for animals worth Php1.425 million • TOTAL : 9.0275 Million plus the value of timber, fruits or beauty derived from it Ref: Forest Benefits. Ppt prepared by Prof. Rose Jane Peras for SFFG 111. UPLB-CFNR
  • 7. TOTAL LAND AREA 30,000,000 hectares THE PHILIPPINES’ LAND CLASSIFICATION 52.7% 15.8M ha. 47.34% 14.2M ha. FOREST LANDS A & D LANDS
  • 8. Source: Philippine Forestry Statistics 2022. DENR-FMB.
  • 9. Source: Philippine Forestry Statistics 2021. DENR-FMB. Retrieved on 14 May 2023 at https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V2JS74-DPvMc4A8r3AJwrMDoAmXptI9f/view?pli=1
  • 11. Ref: Philippine Forests at a Glance, 2022 Edition. DENR – Forest Management Bureau, Visayas Ave., Diliman, Quezon City: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kbIk1TRHepnwRRkSPqx0D35NMfT1umlx/view
  • 12. Source: Philippine Forestry Statistics 2021. DENR-FMB. Retrieved on 14 May 2023 at https://drive.google.com/file/d/1V2JS74-DPvMc4A8r3AJwrMDoAmXptI9f/view?pli=1
  • 13. 2021 FOREST PROTECTION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT Ref: Philippine Forests at a Glance, 2022 Edition. DENR – Forest Management Bureau, Visayas Ave., Diliman, Quezon City: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1kbIk1TRHepnwRRkSPqx0D35NMfT1umlx/view
  • 14. WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF FOREST LOSS?  forest extraction (logging – legal and illegal),  agricultural expansion (upland cultivation in forest areas), and  infrastructure development (demand for timber products, roadside clearing, and river bound colonization)  Ref: Carandang, Antonio P. et.al., 2013, Analysis of Key Drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation in the Philippines. Manila, Philippines: : Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH.
  • 15. PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 705 REVISED FORESTRY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES MAY 19, 1975 This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
  • 16. DEFINITION OF TERMS  Timber  Wood material which include standing trees in a form suitable for construction, carpentry, joinery, or reconversion for manufacturing purposes. Ref: Australian Standard/ New Zealand Standard 4491.Glossary of Terms in Timber-related Standards.1997. https://forestry.denr.gov.ph/pdf/ref/compiled_terms.pdf  Any piece of wood having an average diameter of at least 15 centimeters and at least 1.5 meters long, except all mangrove species which in all cases, shall be considered as timber regardless of size. Ref: Primer on Illegal Logging; Legal Affairs Office,DENR
  • 17. Mustang Lumber, Inc. v. Court of Appeals | G.R. No. 104988 | June 18, 1996 See also: Tan v. People of the Philippines | G.R. No. 115507 | May 19, 1998 Lalican v. Hon. Vergara | G.R. No. 108619 | July 31, 1997 lumber = timber Facts: In April 1990, an organized team of foresters and policemen conducted surveillance operation at the Mustang’s lumber yard. They saw a truck loaded with lauan and almaciga lumber from the lumberyard. The team seized the truck together with its cargo when the driver could not produce the required invoices and transport documents. They also subjected the remaining stockpile of lumber to administrative seizure. Jurisprudence
  • 18. Mustang Lumber, Inc. v. Court of Appeals | G.R. No. 104988 | June 18, 1996 See also: Tan v. People of the Philippines | G.R. No. 115507 | May 19, 1998 Lalican v. Hon. Vergara | G.R. No. 108619 | July 31, 1997 lumber = timber Issue: W/N the charge of illegal possession of “lumber” is excluded from the crime of illegal possession of “timber” as defined in Sec. 68 of Presidential Decree No. 705, as amended? Jurisprudence
  • 19. Mustang Lumber, Inc. v. Court of Appeals | G.R. No. 104988 | June 18, 1996 See also: Tan v. People of the Philippines | G.R. No. 115507 | May 19, 1998 Lalican v. Hon. Vergara | G.R. No. 108619 | July 31, 1997 lumber = timber Ruling: The Revised Forestry Code contains no definition of either timber or lumber. While the former is included in forest products as defined in paragraph (q) of Section 3, the latter is found in paragraph (aa) of the same section in the definition of processing plant.. In other words, lumber is a processed log or timber. It is settled that in the absence of legislative intent to the contrary, words and phrases used in a statute should be given their plain, ordinary, and common usage meaning. And insofar as possession of timber without the required legal documents is concerned, Section 68 of P.D. No. 705, as amended, makes no distinction between raw or processed timber. Neither should the Court. Jurisprudence
  • 20. DEFINITION OF TERMS  Forest products means timber, pulpwood, firewood, bark, tree top, resin, gum, wood, oil, honey, beeswax, nipa, rattan, or other forest growth such as grass, shrub, and flowering plant, the associated water, fish, game, scenic, historical, recreational and geologic resources in forest lands. (Ref: PD 705) This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
  • 22. SECTION 77: CUTTING, GATHERING, COLLECTING AND POSSESSING TIMBER, OR OTHER FOREST PRODUCTSWITHOUT AUTHORITY. Three forms of violation: Cut Gather Collect Remove Timber or other forest products in forest lands without any permit Cut Gather Collect Remove Timber in public or private lands without a permit Mere possession Timber or other forest products without a permit
  • 23. Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence a.) Cutting, gathering, collecting or removing of timber or other forest products from any forest land without authority. 1.There must be cutting, gathering, collecting or removing of timber or other forest products; The timber or other forest products is cut, gathered, collected or removed from any forest land; 3. The cutting, gathering, collecting or removing without authority. Refer to the range of penalties under Articles 309 and 310 of the Revised Penal Code. For partnerships, associations, or corporations, the officers who ordered the cutting, gathering, collection or possession shall be liable and if such officers are aliens, they shall, in addition to the penalty, be deported without further proceedings on the part of the Commission on Immigration and Deportation. Other penalty: Confiscation of timber or any forest products, machinery, equipment, 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory and scaled report of timber and forest products 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits SECTION 77: CUTTING, GATHERING, AND/OR COLLECTING TIMBER, OR OTHER FOREST PRODUCTSWITHOUT AUTHORITY.
  • 24. Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence b.) Cutting, gathering, collecting or removing of timber or other forest products from public or private land without authority. 1.There must be cutting, gathering, collecting or removing of timber; 2. The timber is cut, gathered, collected or removed from alienable or disposable public land or from private land; The cutting, gathering, collecting or removing without authority. Refer to the range of penalties under Articles 309 and 310 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended. For partnerships, associations, or corporations, the officers who ordered the cutting, gathering, collection or possession shall be liable and if such officers are aliens, they shall, in addition to the penalty, be deported without further proceedings on the part of the Commission on Immigration and Deportation. Other penalty: Confiscation of timber or any forest products, machinery, equipment 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated timber and forest products 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits SECTION 77: CUTTING, GATHERING, AND/OR COLLECTING TIMBER, OR OTHER FOREST PRODUCTS WITHOUT AUTHORITY.
  • 25. Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence c.) Possession of timber of other forest products without the legal documents as required under existing forest laws and regulations 1. Possession of timber or other forest products; 2. The possession is without the legal documents as required under existing forest laws. Refer to the range of penalties under Articles 309 and 310 of the Revised Penal Code For partnerships, associations, or corporations, the officers who ordered the cutting, gathering, collection or possession shall be liable and if such officers are aliens, they shall, in addition to the penalty, be deported without further proceedings on the part of the Commission on Immigration and Deportation. Other penalty: Confiscation of timber or any forest products, machinery, equipment 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated timber and forest products 5. Auxiliary Invoice 6. Apprehension Report 7.Turn-over receipt 8. Judicial Affidavits SECTION 77: CUTTING, GATHERING, AND/OR COLLECTING TIMBER, OR OTHER FOREST PRODUCTSWITHOUT AUTHORITY.
  • 26. IDANAN, ET.AL., V. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES | G.R. NO. 193313 | MARCH 16, 2016 FACTS: In the morning of 16 October 2005, the Panganiban PNP in the Province of Catanduanes received an information that a group of illegal loggers will be transporting narra flitches. The OIC Chief of Police Inspector and five (5) other policemen were patrolling when they spotted an Isuzu Elf truck loaded with lumber. They found out that Idanan was the driver while Del Barrio and Plopenio were the passengers. Vargas and Tulod were seen hauling lumber to be loaded into the truck. They were not able to produce any document authorizing them to transport lumber so they were placed under arrest. They were charged with violation of Section 68 of the PD 705. Jurisprudence
  • 27. IDANAN, ET.AL., V. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES | G.R. NO. 193313 | MARCH 16, 2016 ISSUE W/N Idanan,, et.al., should be held liable for violation of illegal possession of lumber under Section 68 of PD 705, as amended. Jurisprudence
  • 28. IDANAN, ET.AL., V. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES | G.R. NO. 193313 | MARCH 16, 2016 Ruling: Yes, under Section 68, of PD 705, as amended, i.e., of possessing and in control of 29 pieces of narra lumber without the legal requirements as required under existing forest laws and regulations. Mere possession of timber or other forest products without the proper legal documents, even absent malice, or criminal intent, is illegal. It would make no difference at all whether the ownership of the lumber pertains to only one accused. Jurisprudence
  • 29. SECTION 78: UNLAWFUL OCCUPATION OR DESTRUCTION OF FOREST LANDS AND GRAZING LANDS Violation Elements Penalty Recommended evidence Unlawful occupation of forest lands and grazing lands • a. Any person who: • 1. enters and occupies or possesses forest land; • 2. makes kaingin for his own private use or for others • b. without authority (under a license, agreement, lease, license or permit) 1. Imprisonment of not less than six (6) months nor more than two (2) years 2. Fine of not less than P500, nor more than P20,000.00 3. Payment of ten (10) times the rental fees and charges 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt, if any 4. Inventory of destroyed timber and forest products 5. Apprehension Report, if any. 6. Auxiliary invoice 7.Turn-over receipt 8. Judicial Affidavits
  • 30. SECTION 78: UNLAWFUL OCCUPATION OR DESTRUCTION OF FOREST LANDS AND GRAZING LANDS Violation Elements Penalty Recommended evidence Unlawful destruction of forest lands and grazing lands • c. Any person who in any manner: • 1. destroys forest land or part thereof • 2. causes damage to the timber stand and other products and forest growth found therein; • • 3. assists, aids or abets any other person to do so • 4. or sets a fire, or negligently permits a fire to be set in any forest land For Kaingin making: a. Imprisonment for not less than two (2) nor more than 4 years; and, b. Fine equal to eight (8) times the regular forest charges due on the forest products destroyed, c. As determined by the DENR, payment of the full cost of restoration of the occupied area. 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt, if any 4. Inventory of destroyed timber and forest products 5. Apprehension Report, if any. 6. Auxiliary invoice 7.Turn-over receipt 8. Judicial Affidavits
  • 31. SECTION 79. PASTURING LIVESTOCK Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Pasturing livestock • A. Any person who graze or cause to graze livestock in forest lands, grazing lands and alienable and disposable lands; • b. Such person is without authority under a lease, or permit, 1. Imprisonment for not less than six (6) months nor more than two (2) years; and, 2. a fine equal to ten (10) times the regular rentals due, 3. confiscation of such livestock and all improvement introduced in the area in favor of the government 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt, if any 4. Inventory of livestock and improvement introduced in the area. 5. Apprehension Report, if any 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
  • 32. Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Illegal Occupation of National Parks System and Recreation Areas and Vandalism • A. Any person who shall - • 1. occupy for any length of time and portion of the national parks system; • 2. cut, destroy, damage or remove timber or any species of vegetation or forest cover and other natural resources found therein; • 3. mutilate, deface or destroy objects of natural beauty or of scenic value within areas in the national parks system; • b. Such person is without permit 1. fine not less than two hundred (P200.00) pesos or more than five hundred (P500.00) pesos exclusive of the value of the thing damaged; 2. Restoration or compensation for the restoration of the damage, 3. eviction of the offender and forfeiture of all timber or an species of vegetation collected or removed and any construction or improvement made thereon 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated timber and forest products 5. Auxiliary invoice 6. Apprehension Report 7.Turn-over receipt 8. Judicial Affidavits SECTION 80. Illegal Occupation of National Parks System and Recreation Areas and Vandalism
  • 33. SECTION 81. DESTRUCTION OFWILDLIFE RESOURCES Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Destruction of Wildlife Resources • A. Any person who shall hunt wildlife in forest lands • B. Such person is without permit 1. fine not less than one hundred (P100.00) pesos for each such violation; and, 2, denial of a permit for a period of three (3) years from the date of the violation. 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of destroyed wildlife resources 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
  • 34. SECTION 82. SURVEY BY UNAUTHORIZED PERSON Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Survey by Unauthorized Person • A. Any person who enter any forest lands; • B. Such person conduct or undertake a survey for whatever purpose; • B. Such person is without permit to survey from the DENR 1. Imprisonment for not less than two (2) nor more than four (4) years; 2. confiscation of the implements used in the violation; and, 3. cancellation of the license 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt of implements used and license; 4. Inventory of implements 5. Apprehension Report 6. Judicial Affidavits
  • 35. REGULATIONS ON CERTAIN TYPES OF TREES Species Type Management Status Applicable Regulation Narra Cutting/harvesting is strictly regulated DAO 93-58; DENR MC No. 90-22 Almaciga Banned DAO 87-74 Kalantas, lanete, dao, betis Allowed only on private lands DAO 87-78; DAO 92-46 Bolong-eta, kamagong, lumbayao, ipil, sangilo, manggis supa Cutting in public forest when less than 60 cm in diameter measured at four feet from the ground Act No. 3572, November 26, 1929
  • 36. REGULATIONS ON CERTAIN TYPES OF TREES Species Type Management Status Applicable Regulation Tindalo, akle, molave Cutting in public forest when less than 60 cm in diameter measured at four feet from the ground Act No. 3572, November 26, 1929 Fruit trees (Incl: macopa, yambo, boboa, alupag, batuan, mangosteen, pili, balobo, bayabas, durian, baluno, bulala, gumihan, marang, nangka, lansones, mabolo, alupag-amo, pajo/pajutan Permit to cut needed Act No. 2812 (1919) All mangrove species Cutting of all mangrove species is prohibited RA 7161
  • 37. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC Chainsaw Act of 2002 RA No. 9175 IRR : DAO No. 2003-24
  • 38. POLICY OF THE STATE 1. Pursue an aggressive forest protection program geared towards eliminating illegal logging and other forms of forest destruction which are being facilitated with the use of chain saws. 2. Regulate the ownership, possession, sale, transfer, importation and/or use of chain saws to prevent them from being used in illegal logging or unauthorized clearing of forests.
  • 39. CHAINSAW  Chainsaw – refers to any portable power saw or similar cutting implement rendered operative by an electric or internal combustion engine or similar means that may be used for, but is not limited to, the felling of trees or the cutting of timber. This includes chainsaw, portable rotary lathe, mobile/portable band saw, wood mizer, mobile/portable wood chipper, or wood edger.  DAO No. 2018-09; 27 June 2018) Subject: Amending Section 3 of DENR DAO No. 2003-24 Implementing RA 9175 otherwise known as the Chainsaw Act of 2002 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1I_GjF7N5DHwCqRPc1Qsr_J9hpqPovaw4/view https://pixabay.com/photos/wood-chainsaw-tree-artwork- 1728019/ https://www.toportable.com/products/ portable-lathe/ https://www.ubuy.com.ph/product/ 2NVWG5Z0-wood-mizer-lt15-portable- sawmill-with-19-hp-gas-engine https://www.acerentalsinc.com/product/6-inch- woodchipper/
  • 40. PERSONS AUTHORIZED TO MANUFACTURE, SELL AND IMPORT CHAINSAWS? manufacturer/s, dealer/s, and/or private owner/s who is/are duly authorized by the DENR
  • 41. PERSONS AUTHORIZED TO POSSESS AND USE A CHAINSAW 1. Any applicant who: (a) has a subsisting timber license agreement, production sharing agreement, or similar agreements, or a private land timber permit; (b) is an orchard and fruit tree farmer; (c) is an industrial tree farmer; (d) is a licensed wood processor and the chain saw shall be used for the cutting of timber that has been legally sold to said applicant; or (e) shall use the chain saw for a legal purpose, i.e., tree surgery, tree pruning, landscaping, timber stand improvement, other allied silvicultural activities 2. agencies of the government
  • 42. SECTION 7 (PAR. 1). SELLING, PURCHASING, RE-SELLING, TRANSFERRING, DISTRIBUTING OR POSSESSING A CHAINSAW WITHOUT A PROPER PERMIT. Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Selling, Purchasing, Re-selling, Transferring, Distributing or Possessing a Chain Saw Without a Proper Permit. A. A person sells, purchases, transfer the ownership, distributes or otherwise disposes or possesses a chainsaw; and, B. Said person has no necessary permit from the Department A. imprisonment of four (4) years, two (2) months and one (1) day to six (6) years; or, B. a fine of not less than fifteen thousand pesos (P15,000.00) but not more thirty thousand pesos (30,000.00) or both at the discretion of the court; and, c. Confiscation of the chainsaw/s in favor of the government. 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated chainsaw 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
  • 43. SECTION 7 (PAR. 2). UNLAWFUL IMPORTATION OR MANUFACTURING OF CHAIN SAW Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Unlawful Importation or Manufacturing of Chain Saw A. Any person who imports or manufactures a chainsaw; B. Such importation or manufacturing is without prior authorization from the Department A. imprisonment of not less than one (1) month nor more than six (6) months; and, B. fine of not less than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) for more than Four thousand pesos (P4,000.00). 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated chainsaw 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
  • 44. SECTION 7 (PAR. 3). TAMPERING OF ENGINE SERIAL NUMBER Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Tampering of Engine Serial Number A. Any person has a chainsaw; B. Said person is found to have defaced or tampered with the original registered engine serial number of any chain saw unit. A. imprisonment of not less than one (1) month nor more than six (6) months; and, B. fine of not less than One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) nor more than Four thousand pesos (P4,000.00). 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated chainsaw 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
  • 45. SECTION 7 (PAR. 4). ACTUAL UNLAWFUL USE OF CHAINSAW Violation Elements Penalty Recommended Evidence Actual Unlawful Use of Chainsaw A. Any person who is found to be in possession of a chainsaw; and, B. Said person uses the same to cut trees and timber in forest land or elsewhere without authority from the DENR. A. imprisonment of six (6) years and one (1) day to eight (8) years; or, B. fine of not less that Thirty thousand pesos (P30,000.00) but not more than Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) or both at the discretion of the court without prejudice to being prosecuted for a separate offense that may have been simultaneously committed. C. Confiscation of chain saw in favor of the government. 1. Negative Certification from the DENR; 2. Photographs, videos 3. Seizure Receipt 4. Inventory of confiscated chainsaw 5. Apprehension Report 6.Turn-over receipt 7. Judicial Affidavits
  • 46. REWARD 20% of the the value of the chainsaw unit/s Any person who voluntarily gives information leading to the recovery or confiscation of an illegally possessed or unregistered chainsaw and the resultant conviction of persons charged thereof
  • 47. APPROVAL : JULY 30, 2001 PUBLICATION : AUGUST 3, 2001 EFFECTIVITY : AUGUST 18, 2001 “Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act” (Wildlife Act) Republic Act 9147 Joint DENR-DA-PCSD Administrative Order No. 2004-01 IRR prescribing the procedures and guidelines for the implementation of the Wildlife Act
  • 49. STATE POLICY To conserve the country’s wildlife resources and their habitats for sustainability.
  • 50. SCOPE OF APPLICATION · enforceable for all wildlife species found in all areas of the country, including protected areas under Republic Act No. 7586 and critical habitats · exotic species which are subject to trade, are cultured and maintained and/or bred in captivity or propagated in the country. Source: https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/07/09/1831853/e-nipas-law-protect-94-more-critical-habitats
  • 51. JURISDICTION Department of Environment and Natural Resources • all terrestrial plant and animal species, all turtles and tortoises and wetland species, including crocodiles, waterbirds and all amphibians and dugong Department of Agriculture • all declared aquatic critical habitats, all aquatic resources, including but not limited to fishes, aquatic plants, invertebrates and all marine mammals, except dugong Palawan Council for Sustainable Development • all wildlife species, whether terrestrial or marine and aquatic resources, found in the Province of Palawan, in accordance with the provisions of RA 7611 (SEP Law) consistent with RA 8550 (Fisheries Code), RA 8485 (Animal Welfare Act) and RA 7586 (NIPAS Act)
  • 52. THREATENED SPECIES general term to denote species of subspecies considered as critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable or other accepted categories of wildlife whose population is at risk of extinction
  • 53. CRITICALLY ENDANGERED SPECIES  (lubhang nanganganib na pagkaubos) – tumutukoy sa mga buhay ilang na may matinding posibilidad ng pagkaubos o pagkawala sa kanilang likas na tirahan, sa nalalapit na panahon.
  • 55. ENDANGERED SPECIES  (nanganganib na pagkaubos) – tumutukoy sa mga buhay ilang na hindi naman critically endangered ngunit maari na ring mawala sa kanilang likas na tirahan kung magpapatuloy ang sanhi ng kanilang pagkaubos.
  • 56. ENDANGERED SPECIES Loggerhead Turtle (Carreta carreta) Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas)
  • 57. VULNERABLE SPECIES  tumutukoy sa mga buhay ilang na hindi critically endangered o endangered ngunit humaharap sa iba’t ibang banta ng kanilang kaligtasan at di magtatagal ay malamang na maging endangered na rin sa nalalapit na panahon.
  • 59. OTHER THREATENED SPECIES  Species na hindi critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable ngunit nasa ilalim ng banta mula sa masamang salik
  • 60. OTHER THREATENED SPECIES Mindanao horned frog (Megophrys stejnegeri) Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) Mindanao pygmy babbler (Dasycrotapha plateni)
  • 61. AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA 9147 Activity Requirements/Restrictions Collection of wildlife (Section 7, RA 9147) -Should be used in accordance with Section 7, RA 9147 - quantity - should use appropriate and acceptable wildlife collection techniques with least or no detrimental effects to the existing wildlife population and their habitats -collection by indigenous people may be allowed for traditional use and not primarily for trade and shall not cover threatened species - Prior informed consent, PAMB clearance
  • 62. AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147 Activity Requirements/Restrictions Possession of wildlife (Section 8, RA 9147) Collection and/or possession of by- products and derivatives (Section 9, RA 9147) -person and entity to prove financial and technical capability and facility to maintain wildlife - source was not obtained in violation of the act - source was not obtained in violation of the act - Covered by permits Source: https://www.tripadvisor.com/LocationPhotoDirectLink- g298459-d320865-i150904279-Philippine_Eagle_Center- Davao_City_Davao_del_Sur_Province_Mindanao.html
  • 63. Activity Requirements/Restrictions Local transport of wildlife, by- products and derivatives (Section 10, RA 9147) Exportation and/or importation of wildlife (Section 11, RA 9147) -shall be authorized unless prejudicial to the wildlife or public health -covered by Local Transport Permit - quarantine/vet health certificate - strict compliance with the act and regulations - recipient of wildlife is technically and financially capable to maintain it AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147
  • 64. Activity Requirements/Restrictions Introduction, reintroduction or restocking of endemic or indigenous wildlife (Section 12, RA 9147) Introduction of exotic wildlife (Section 13, RA 9147) - shall be allowed only for population enhancement or recovery purposes - shall be subject to scientific study public consultations with concerned individuals or entities not allowed in protected areas and critical habitats - other areas – clearance from the Secretary/authorized representative environmental impact study prior informed consent of local stakeholders -affidavit of undertaking AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147
  • 65. Activity Requirements/Restrictions Scientific researches on wildlife (Section 15, RA 9147) Commercial breeding or propagation of wildlife resources (Section 17, RA 9147) - undertaking/agreement - gratuitous permit - prior informed consent If foreign –active involvement of local institution wildlife farm/culture permit environmental impact study AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147
  • 66. AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147 Activity Requirements/Restrictions Bio Safety (Sec. 16 of RA. 9147) - All activities dealing with genetic engineering and pathogenic organisms - All activities requiring the importation, introduction, field release and breeding of organisms that are potentially harmful to man and environment. - Shall be reviewed in accordance with the biosafety guidelines ensuring public welfare and the protection and conservation of wildlife and their habitats -EIA is required in the following: - introduction of exotic fauna in private/public forests -Field release of any pathogenic organism; -Field testing of ge organism in an ECA or the conduct of which has been determined by DENR or DA-BPI, as posting significant risks to the environment.
  • 67. Activity Requirements/Restrictions Bioprospecting (Section 14, RA 9147) - means the research, collection and utilization of biological and genetic resources for purposes of applying the knowledge derived therefrom solely for commercial purposes - shall only be allowed upon execution of a Commercial Research Agreement (CRA) with the DENR, DA or PCSD Bioprospecting Undertaking Prior informed consent from the local community, Indigenous Peoples (IPs) community, Protected Area Management Board (PAMB), private land owner Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) – when applicable and necessary If foreign – active involvement of local institution AUTHORIZED ACTS UNDER RA NO. 9147
  • 68. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Killing and destroying of wildlife species Exceptions: a. when done as part of the religious rituals of established tribal groups or ICCs; and b. when the wildlife is afflicted with an incurable communicable disease Imprisonment of: 6 years and 1 day to 12 years and/or fine of 100,000 to 1 million (for species listed as critical) 4 years and 1 day to 6 years and/or fine of 50,000 to 500,000 (for endangered species)
  • 69. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) c. when it is deemed necessary to put an end to the misery suffered by the wildlife d. when it is done to prevent an imminent danger to the life and limb of a human being e. when the wildlife is killed or destroyed after it has been used in authorized research or experiments 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and/or fine of 30,000 to 300,000 ( vulnerable species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and/or fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (for other threatened species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and/or fine of 10,000 to 100,000 (other wildlife species)
  • 70. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Inflicting injury which cripples and/or impairs the reproductive system of wildlife species Imprisonment of: 4 years and 1 day to 6 years and/or fine of 50,000 to 500,000 (for species listed as critical) 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and/or fine of 30,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and/or fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (vulnerable species)
  • 71. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Inflicting injury which cripples and/or impairs the reproductive system of wildlife species Imprisonment of: 4 years and 1 day to 6 years and/or fine of 50,000 to 500,000 (for species listed as critical) 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and/or fine of 30,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and/or fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (vulnerable species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and/or fine of 10,000 to 50,000 (threatened species) 1 month to 6 months and/or fine of 5,000 to 20,000 (other wildlife species)
  • 72. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Effecting any of the following acts in critical habitat(s): - dumping of waste products detrimental to wildlife - squatting or otherwise occupying any portions of the critical habitats - mineral exploration and/or extraction - burning - logging - quarrying Imprisonment of: 1 month to eight years and/or fine of 5,000 to 5 million pesos
  • 73. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Introduction, reintroduction or restocking of wildlife resources Imprisonment of: 1 month to eight years and/or fine of 5,000 to 5 million pesos
  • 74. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Trading of wildlife Imprisonment of: 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and/or fine of 5,000 to 300,000 (for critical species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and/or fine of 2,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and/or fine of 1,000 to 100,000 (for vulnerable species)
  • 75. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Trading of wildlife 1 month and 1 day to 6 months and/or fine of 500 to 50,000 (other threatened species) 10 days to 1 month and/or fine of 200 to 20,000 (other wildlife species)
  • 77. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Collecting, hunting or possessing wildlife, their by-products or derivatives (note: if act committed through inappropriate techniques and devices, maximum penalty will apply) Imprisonment of: 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and fine of 30,000 to 300,000 (critical species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and a fine of 10,000 to 100,000 (vulnerable species)
  • 78. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Collecting, hunting or possessing wildlife, their by-products or derivatives (note: if act committed through inappropriate techniques and devices, maximum penalty will apply) 1 month and 1 day to 6 months and a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 (other threatened species) 10 days to 1 month and a fine of 1,000 to 5,000 (other wildlife species)
  • 79. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Gathering or destroying of active nests, nest trees, host plants and the like Imprisonment of: 2 years and 1 day to 4 years and fine of 30,000 to 300,000 (critical species) 1 year and 1 day to 2 years and fine of 20,000 to 200,000 (endangered species) 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and a fine of 10,000 to 100,000 (vulnerable species) 1 month and 1 day to 6 months and a fine of 5,000 to 50,000 (other threatened species) 10 days to 1 month and a fine of 1,000 to 5,000 (other wildlife species) https://www.fws.gov/southeast/news/2017/07/ federal-and-state-officials-request-assistance-in- bald-eagle-nest-destruction/
  • 80. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Maltreating and/or inflicting other injuries not covered by the preceding paragraph Imprisonment of: 6 months and 1 day to 1 year and a fine of 50,000 to 100,000 (critical species) 3 months and 1 day to 6 months and a fine of 20,000 to 50,000 (endangered species) 1 month and 1 day to 3 months and a fine of 5,000 to 20,000 (vulnerable species)
  • 81. ILLEGAL ACTS Illegal Acts Penalties (Section 28, RA 9147) Maltreating and/or inflicting other injuries not covered by the preceding paragraph Transporting of wildlife 10 days to one month and a fine of 1,000 (other threatened species) 5 days to 10 days and a fine of 200 to 1,000 (other wildlife species) -same as above-
  • 82. ADDITIONAL PENALTIES: · forfeiture of all wildlife, its derivatives or by- products, and all paraphernalia, tools and conveyances used in connection used in connection with violations of this act · if conveyance owned by third person who has no participation in knowledge of the illegal acts, same may be released to the owner · if offender is an alien – deportation after service of sentence and payment of fines
  • 83. IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS AND OTHER ISSUANCES  Joint DENR-DA-PCSD Administrative Order No. 1 (series of 2004) - Republic Act No. 9147.  DENR Administrative Order No. 2007-02 “Guidelines on the Establishment and Management of Critical Habitats” (February 28, 2007),  DENR Administrative Order No. 2007-01 “Establishing the National List of Threatened Philippine Plants and their Categories” and  JOINT DENR-DA-PCSD-NCIP Administrative Order No. 1, series of 2005 “Guidelines for Bioprospecting Activities in the Philippines”.
  • 84. FLAGSHIP SPECIES Initiated by the LGUs Endemic species shall serve as emblems of conservation for the concerned LGU. https://sbo.itogon.gov.ph/2021/11/02/municipal-fauna-flagship-species/ Itogon Municipal Fauna Flagship Species
  • 85. Email us at: [email protected] MANILA OFFICE Unit 1213 Corporate 145 Bldg. Mother Ignacia Ave. Brgy. South Triangle, Quezon City, 1103 Philippines Telefax: +632 8 363 8341 SOUTHERN LUZON Purok Agawin, Villa Juliana Subdivision, Ibabang Dupay, Lucena City, 4301 Philippines Smart: +63 961 564 4583 Globe: +63 945 337 0054 TANGGOL KALIKASAN, INC.

Editor's Notes

  • #4: Relate to prohibited acts, e.g, 1 hectare of land = determine value Computation sample : rough valuation – idagdag sa crime scene
  • #8: Our land resource is finite…we have a total land area of 30 million hectares. Only 47% of this area can be alienated or titled. Titling of these land can be done administratively through DENR, DAR and NCIP and judicially through the courts and DOJ/LRA Patents issued by DENR, Certificate of Land Ownership Awards issued by DAR , Certificate of Ancestral Land Titles issued by NCIP and the decrees issued by the courts are registered by LRA/ROD as Original Certificate of Titles (OCT). Derivative titles or the Transfer Certificate of Titles are being issued ROD. Include maps of forest lands and A and D in the Philippines Over-lay thematic maps, PA, mineral lands, Status of forest: Include menti: appreciation on forest: then followed by map
  • #18: Definition of timber and forest products
  • #19: Include scaling, valuation area,
  • #20: Include scaling, valuation area,
  • #21: Include scaling, valuation area,
  • #22: Definition of timber and forest products
  • #34: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #35: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #36: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #37: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #38: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #39: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #40: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #41: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #42: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #43: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #44: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #45: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #48: Add case study for chainsaws sold in Lazada? What can you sue Lazada for? Check ang terms ng
  • #50: How are you going to prosecute those selling online?
  • #53: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #54: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #55: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas
  • #56: How they can make it admissible as evidence. Include problem areas