Oop ppt
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- 3. OOP Concepts in Java ShanibaM [email protected] www.facebook.com/shanimanjara twitter.com/username in.linkedin.com/in/profilename
- 4. What is OOP? Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a program using classes and objects. It simplifies the software development and maintenance by providing some concepts:
- 5. What Are Objects? Object means a real world entity Such as a person. Objects are the basic units of object-oriented programming. How do Software objects implement real-world objects? -Use variables to implement states -Use methods to implement behaviors An object is a software bundle of variables and related methods Object :- is the instance of a class
- 6. Class • Class : -is the base design of objects • which is a blueprint of an object • No memory is allocated when a class is created. • Memory is allocated only when an object is created.
- 7. Constructor • Constructor in java is a special type of method that is used to initialize the object. • Java constructor is invoked at the time of object creation. It constructs the values i.e. provides data for the object that is why it is known as constructor.
- 8. Rules for creating java constructor • There are basically two rules defined for the constructor. • Constructor name must be same as its class name • Constructor must have no explicit return type. There are two types of constructors: • Default constructor (no-arg constructor) • Parameterized constructor
- 9. Example for Constructor • Public class Shape { private int width; private int height; Shape(int height,int width) { this.width=width; this.height=height; } Private int calculateArea() { return a*b; } }
- 10. OOP FEATURES Object Class Abstraction Encapsulation Polymorphism Inheritance
- 11. Data Abstraction Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features without including the background details or explanations. Since the classes use the concept of data abstraction , they are known as the abstract data types.
- 12. Encapsulation The wrapping up of data and functions into a single unit is known as Encapsulation. The data is not accessible to the outside world and only those functions which are wrapped in the class can access it. This insulation of the data from direct access by the program is called Data hiding or information hiding.
- 13. Polymorphism • The ability to define a function in multiple forms is called Polymorphism • Polymorphism is the capability of a method to do different things based on the object that it is acting upon. • When one task is performed by different ways i.e. known as polymorphism. • For example: to draw something e.g. shape or rectangle etc. • In java, we use method overloading and method overriding to achieve polymorphism.
- 14. Inheritance When one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of parent object i.e. known as inheritance. It provides code reusability. It is used to achieve runtime polymorphism. This not only speeds up program development; it also ensures an inherent validity to the defined subclass object
- 15. Example Public class Shape { protected int width; protected int height; Int calculateArea() { Return x*y; } Public class dimensionshape extends Shape { Private int depth; Int calculateVolume() { Return width*height*depth; } }
- 16. POP In POP, program is divided into small parts called functions. POP follows Top Down approach POP does not have any access specifier POP does not have any proper way for hiding data so it is less secure. Example of POP are : C, VB, FORTRAN, Pascal. OOP In OOP, program is divided into parts called objects. OOP follows Bottom Up approach. OOP has access specifiers named Public, Private, Protected, etc. OOP provides Data Hiding so provides more security Example of OOP are : C++, JAVA, VB.NET, C#.NET.
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