Open Source Hardware for Good
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The document presents a comprehensive overview of open source hardware (OSH), detailing its principles, best practices, and various projects that leverage open source concepts in hardware development. It discusses the importance of sharing documentation, licensing frameworks like the CERN Open Hardware License, and highlights significant projects such as Arduino, OpenPCR, and various 3D printers, showcasing their impact on technology accessibility. Additionally, it touches on the future of silicon with open-source initiatives like RISC-V and the efforts of organizations like the FOSS Silicon Foundation.
Open Source Hardware for Good
- 1. Drew Fustini OSH Park [email protected] @oshpark / @pdp7 Slides: https://github.com/pdp7/talks/blob/master/irl-summit-oshw-2018.pdf Open Source Hardware for Good IRL Summit at DePaul (2018-02-02)
- 2. What is Open Source? ● Examples of popular Open Source projects
- 3. What is Open Source? ● The term "open source" refers to something people can modify and share because its design is publicly accessible ● Open Source software is software with source code that anyone can: inspect, modify, and enhance
- 4. What is Free Software? A program is free software if the users have four essential freedoms: 1) run the program as you wish, for any purpose 2) study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish 3) redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor 4) distribute copies of your modified versions
- 5. ● FLOSS is a term to describe software that is Free, Libre, or Open Source Software ● In the context of hardware projects, I consider these terms equivalent: ● Free Hardware ● Libre Hardware ● Open Hardware ● Open Source Hardware
- 6. Statement of Principles: Hardware whose design is made publicly available so that anyone can study, modify, distribute, make, and sell the design or hardware based on that design Slides: https://github.com/pdp7/talks/blob/master/irl-summit-oshw-2018.pdf
- 7. Documentation required for electronics: Schematics Board Layout Editable source files for CAD software such as KiCad or EAGLE Bill of Materials (BoM) Best practice: all components available from distributors in low quantity Slides: https://github.com/pdp7/talks/blob/master/irl-summit-oshw-2018.pdf
- 8. Example: Arduino achieved critical mass by sharing their hardware designs and source code Arduino: The Documentary describes the team’s motivation
- 9. Example: Arduino Uno schematic and PCB layout design files for EAGLE CAD can be downloaded from Arduino.cc
- 10. Publish documentation with an Open Source license: ● Creative Commons Share-Alike: CC-BY-SA ● Non-Commercial (NC) clause is NOT acceptable ● Copyleft: GPLv2, GPLv3 ● Permissive: Apache, BSD, MIT ● OSHW inspired: CERN OHL, TAPR, SolderPad
- 11. CERN Open Hardware Licence ● Originally written for CERN designs hosted in the Open Hardware Repository ● Can be used by any designer wishing to share design information using a license compliant with the OSHW definition criteria. ● CERN OHL version 1.2 Contains the license itself and a guide to its usage
- 12. CERN Open Hardware Licence Myriam Ayass, legal adviser at CERN and author of the CERN OHL: ● OHL is to hardware what GPL is to software ● Similar principles to Free or Open Source software ● Anyone should be able to: see the source* , study it, modify it and share it * the design documentation in case of hardware
- 13. CERN Open Hardware Licence ● Video interview with Javier Serrano ● physicist and electronics engineer at CERN ● co-author of the CERN Open Hardware License ● creator of the Open Hardware Repository
- 14. Licenses, Copyright and Patents can get confusing! Review of Popular OSHW Licenses Video of Ari Douglas at OHS 2014
- 15. What is the spirit of Open Source? ● Publish everything that will: enable collaborative development ● Goal is NOT to check a box on a marketing brochure or add keywords to a crowdfunding campaign
- 16. ● US-based 501(c)3 non-profit organization ● Hosts the Open Source Hardware definition ● “aims to be the voice of the open hardware community, ensuring that technological knowledge is accessible to everyone, and encouraging the collaborative development of technology”
- 17. ● OSHW Best Practices ● Quick Reference Guide ● OSHW "May and Must" (PDF) ● OSHW Checklist (PDF)
- 20. Open Hardware Summit (OHS) ● OHS 2017: Denver, Colorado, October 5th ● 7 prior summits: ● 2010, 2011: New York Hall of Science ● 2012: Eyebeam (NYC) ● 2013: MIT (Boston area) ● 2014: Roma, Italia! ● 2015: Philadelphia ● 2016: Portland, Oregon
- 21. Open Hardware Summit (OHS) ● OHS 2017: Engineering Open Source Hardware
- 22. Open Hardware Summit (OHS) ● OHS 2016 morning sessions ● OHS 2016 afternoon sessions
- 23. Open Source Hardware Certification Program ● Allows hardware that complies with the community definition of Open Source Hardware to display a certified OSHW logo ● Make it easier for users of OSHW to track down documentation and information ● More information: certificate.oshwa.org
- 24. Open Hardware Europe Summit 2016 ● Video playlist on YouTube ● Open Hardware Europe Summit – “The global open hardware community met in Vienna, Austria to give talks about new aspects, new methods and lessons learned for the open hardware movement.”
- 25. Resources ● Join OSHWA ● Subscribe to the mailing list ● Post in the OSHWA Forum ● Follow on Twitter: – @OHSummit – @oshwassociation ● Building Open Source Hardware by Alicia Gibb (executive director of OSHWA)
- 26. Section: OSHW in Science Suggestions from the OSHWA mailing list Slides: https://github.com/pdp7/talks/blob/master/irl-summit-oshw-2018.pdf
- 27. Public Lab ● “Using inexpensive DIY techniques, we seek to change how people see the world in environmental, social, and political terms.” ● Riffle: Open Source Water Monitoring ● Desktop Spectrometry ● Balloon Mapping Kit
- 28. Generic Lab Equipement ● GaudiLabs in Switzerland has designed: WebCam Microscope, Hard Drive Centrifuge, Incubator Controller, Gel Box and HV Supply, Turbidity Meter, Microvolume Spectrometer, and Tube Racks
- 29. OpenTrons ● Robots for Biologists ● “We think biologists should have robots to do pipetting for them.” ● “They should be able to spend their time designing experiments and analyzing data.”
- 30. OpenDrop ● “Desktop Digital Biology Laboratory” ● digital microfludics platform for research ● aim of making personal lab-automation accessible to more people
- 31. OpenPCR ● PCR is a method of copying DNA molecules. ● OpenPCR is a project to develop open source hardware, software, and protocols to perform PCR and Real-Time PCR reactions
- 32. Open Source Imaging Initiative ● “development of medical imaging devices, aiming to make health-care benefits of modern instruments accessible to many more” ● “pool the knowledge and experience of many experts in open-source designs for MRI” ● Opencore NMR is an open-source toolkit for implementing an NMR spectrometer
- 33. Open-Source Lab ● “open-source 3D printing and microcontrollers running on free software enables scientists, engineers, and lab personnel in every discipline to develop powerful research tools at unprecedented low costs” ● Author Joshua Pearce runs the MOST research group which is exploring the way solar photovoltaic technology can sustainably power our society
- 34. Gathering for Open Science Hardware ● “GOSH is a diverse, global community working to enhance the sharing of open, scientific technologies” ● Video of GOSH 2016 at CERN ● GOSH 2016 in the Journal of Open Hardware ● GOSH 2018: Shenzhen, China
- 35. ● Non-profit for Open Source HW & SW in Space ● SatNOGS: global network of satellite ground stations designed as an open source participatory project ● UPSat: 1st open source hardware & software satellite – Launched in 2017 – "Flying The First Open Source Satellite"
- 36. ● building and deploying hardware to help monitor ecological problems in the wildest places on on Earth – sensors to monitor ocean fishing practices – watch the movements of glaciers – gather real time data about Okavango Delta in Botswana. ● Shah Selbe of Conservify at Hackaday Supercon: Wild Hardware: Adventures with Ecological IoT and National Geographic
- 37. ● “brought thousands of people along with us into the Okavango Delta on a ‘live data’ expedition” ● “tools to collect and share field-based research data and to tell stories through interactive visualizations for conservation, science, exploration and education”
- 38. Safecast ● international organization devoted to open citizen science for the environment ● created after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in Japan, because accurate and trustworthy radiation information was not available to the public
- 39. Safecast
- 40. Safecast bGeigie Nano ● mobile, GPS enabled, logging, radiation sensor ● designed for mounting on the outside of a car window but can be used on bicycles, trains, planes, and other modes of transportation
- 42. ● “The goal of the global community-driven apertus° project is to create a variety of powerful, affordable, free (in terms of liberty), sustainable and open digital cinema tools that we as filmmakers love to use”
- 43. ● “AXIOM product line is the result of this ongoing endeavor and after successful crowd funding and receiving an EU Innovation grant is well on track to redefine the industry well beyond the DIY garages and hobbyist labs”
- 44. ● 100% Open Source Hardware & Software FSF Respects Your Freedom certified! Lulzbot 3-D Printers
- 45. RepRap 3-D Printers ● RepRap started as an academic initiative to develop a low-cost 3D printer that can print most of its own components ● Giving Manufacturing a New Life by Adrian Bowyer ● Prusa i3 M2 RepRap named Make:'s Best 3D Printer for 2017
- 46. Novena laptop ● Created by Bunnie Huang & Sean Cross (xobs) – Chumby, “Hacking the Xbox”, amazing reverse engineers ● 100% Open Source Hardware laptop ● Quad-core 1.2GHz ARM, 4GB RAM, SSD, WiFi ● Xilinx FPGA for custom hardware design ● Software Defined Radio (SDR) module
- 47. Section: LINUX on OSHW Slides: https://github.com/pdp7/talks/blob/master/irl-summit-oshw-2018.pdf
- 48. ● Open Source Hardware computing for Makers, Educators & Professionals ● Developed by BeagleBoard.org Foundation and BeagleBoard.org Community ● Manufacturers: element14, GHI, Seeed
- 49. BeagleBoard.org released the first BeagleBoard, an affordable, open hardware ARM computer in 2008
- 50. Maker focused, Altoids tin sized BeagleBone introduced in 2011
- 51. More affordable, more powerful BeagleBone Black in 2013
- 52. Open Source Hardware BeagleBone derivatives
- 53. ● CadSoft EAGLE design files hosted on GitHub ● Bill of Materials: every part available in qty 1 ● Octavo System-in-Package (SiP) packages several ICs (CPU, RAM, etc) into one large-pitch BGA chip to simplify PCB layout and assembly BeagleBone Black Wireless
- 54. BeagleBone Blue: complete Linux robotics controller. 4 layer PCB designed in EAGLE.
- 55. BeagleBoard.org PocketBeagle ● Michael Welling designed the “PocketBone” using the Octavo SiP and shared on Hackaday.io ● In response to online demand, BeagleBoard.org worked with GHI in Michigan to design and manufacture a new product: the PocketBeagle
- 56. BeagleBoard.org PocketBeagle ● PocketBeagle design makes it feasible for individuals to create their own derivatives ● 4 layer PCB published for EAGLE and KiCad ● Low cost assembly is possible with solder paste stencil and toaster oven
- 57. BeagleLogic ● Kumar Abhishek created a derivative board intended to be used a logic analyzer ● Finalist in the Best Product round of the Hackaday Prize k
- 58. MinnowBoard ● 64-bit Intel Atom (dual or quad core) ● MinnowBoard Turbot ● USB 3.0, SATA, PCIe, Gigabit Ethernet, HDMI ● Integrated Intel HD Graphics – Open Source Mainline Linux drivers!
- 59. ● Manufactured by ADI ● Released under Creative Commons CC-BY-SA ● Download design files: – Schematic – Board Layout – Bill of Materials MinnowBoard
- 60. OLinuXino ● Low cost OSHW Linux computers ● Designed and manufactured by Olimex in Bulgaria ● Great blog post: Open Source Hardware, why it matters and what is pseudo OSHW
- 61. A64-OlinuXino ● Allwinner A64: Quad Core 64-bit ARM ● Designed with Open Source KiCad ● 1GB RAM, 4GB eMMC, WiFi+BLE4.0
- 62. Slides / Video
- 63. ● KiCad is an Open Source EDA suite including Schematic Capture and PCB Layout ● Cross platform: Windows, Mac OS and Linux ● CERN has contributed professional CAD features for high-speed digital design ● Learn to design your own PCB in KiCad with: Getting to Blinky
- 64. TERES I Laptop ● “DIY Open Source Hardware Software Hacker's friendly Modular Laptop” ● Developing an Open Source Laptop talk by Olimex founder Tsvetan Usunov at Hackaday Belgrade ● Design files on GitHub: “everyone can download & learn, study, edit, modify”
- 65. ● getchip.com ● Next Thing Co. in Oakland ● Kickstarter in 2015: ● 39,560 backers ● $2,071,927 pledged
- 67. ● GitHub: NextThingCo/CHIP-Hardware – Schematics – PCB Layout – Bill of Materials (BoM) ● License: – Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) C.H.I.P. is OSHW
- 68. Section: Open Source and Libre Silicon Source: https://github.com/pdp7/talks/blob/master/penguicon17-oshw-fustini.pdf
- 69. What about silicon? ● RISC-V: Free and Open RISC Instruction Set Arch – “new instruction set architecture (ISA) that was originally designed to support computer architecture research and education and is now set to become a standard open architecture for industry” – Video: Instruction Sets Want To Be Free: A Case for RISC-V – Video: Krste Asanovic presents at RISC-V and Open Source Silicon Event in Munich on March 23, 2017
- 70. What about silicon? ● OnChip Open-V “completely free (as in freedom) and open source 32-bit microcontroller based on the RISC-V architecture”
- 72. What about silicon? ● Crowd Supply update: A Taste of Chip Design ● Video: YoPuzzle: mRISC V development platform ● Video: RISC-V Community needs Peripheral Cores
- 73. What about silicon? ● SiFive “founded by the creators of the free and open RISC-V architecture as a reaction to the end of conventional transistor scaling and escalating chip design costs”
- 74. What about silicon? ● HiFive1: Arduino-Compatible RISC-V Dev Kit
- 75. What about silicon? ● SiFive FE300 & low cost HiFive Dev Board – Video of talk by Jack Kang of SiFive (Dec 22, 2016)
- 76. What about silicon? ● lowRISC: “creating a fully open-sourced, Linux-capable, RISC-V-based SoC, that can be used either directly or as the basis for a custom design” ● Video: Rob Mullins talking about lowRISC (RISC-V & Open Source Silicon Event in Munich on March 23, 2017)
- 77. What about silicon? ● FOSSi Foundation – The Free and Open Source Silicon Foundation – “non-profit foundation with the mission to promote and assist free and open digital hardware designs” – “FOSSi Foundation operates as an open, inclusive, vendor-independent group.”
- 78. What about silicon? ● Open Source Silicon Design Ecosystem – Talk by FOSSi co-founder Julius Baxter
- 79. What about silicon? ● LibreCores – Project of the FOSSi Foundation – “gateway to free and open source digital designs and other components that you can use and re-use in your digital designs” – “advances the idea of OpenCores.org”
- 80. Thanks ● Suggestions from the OSHWA mailing list: – Abram Connelly – Andrew Plumb – Andrew Quitmeyer – Eleftherios Kosmas – Marcin Jakubowski
- 81. These slides are available at: github.com/pdp7/talks/blob/master/irl-summit-oshw-2018.pdf Drew Fustini [email protected] @OSHPark / @pdp7 OSH Park Blog This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.