Organizing

H U M A N R E S O U R C E :
O R G A N I Z I N G
C A Y T I L E S * M I R A S O L * G R A S P A R I L

A function of management which follows planning.
A process of establishing orderly uses for all resources within the
management system of the organization.
A task in which the synchronization and combination of human, physical,
financial, and information resources takes place for the achievement of
the results.
Organizing function is essential because it facilitates administration as
well as the functioning of the organization.
O R G A N I Z A T I O N ?
Theories & Principles of EdMgt|2019

Organization is a
PROCESS
Identifying and grouping of the work to be performed.
Defining and determining responsibility and authority for
each job position.
Establishing relationship among various job positions.
Determining detailed rules and regulations of
working for individuals and groups in organization

Organizational
STRUCTURE
The organizational structure is to be designed for some
concrete conditions and objective needs of the
organization.
The following are the important factors which are to be
taken into consideration in the process of designing of the
organizational structure.

E N V I R O N M E N T
Complexity
determined by the number of elements affecting the organization, their
variety and intensity of influence on the operations
STABILITY
measured by the rate of changes in time, similarity of changes, and
possibility of their foresight and comprehension
UNCERTAINTY
related to availability of relevant information for rational decision-making
The environment is relevant for behavior and the organization structure.
The most important characteristics of environment that determine organization structure are:
01

T E C H N O L O G Y
Enables transformation of organizational inputs into outputs.
It is an important determinant of the internal efficiency of the
organization.
Technology includes technical equipment for manufacturing,
knowledge and ability for using the equipment, and working
activity necessary for the transformation process
02

S T R AT E G Y
Starting from its internal potentials, chances and threats of
environment, the organization designs its strategy for the
realization of the objectives.
This strategy requires a certain organization structure as the
frame.
03

SIZE
Connection between the size of the organization.
Measured by the number of employees, power of
installed capacities, total revenue, value of capital
investment, and other factors and its organizational
structure is very easy to notice.
Namely, when the organization grows up, its
organization structure becomes more complex, and vice
versa.
04

FORM OFAGGREGATINGAggregate (adj.) to join or combine into a single group /amassing, combining, gathering/
The essence of aggregating in the process of
organizational structuring is a result of the need
to control, coordinate, and communicate
05

IMPORTANCE OF
O R G A N I Z I N G
Organizing function follows the planning function. Plans
prepared under the function of planning govern all
aspects of organizing function.
01
The organizing begins after the plans are prepared and is
governed by the prepared plans. While the plans state
where the organization is to go, organizing helps the
organization how to get there.
02

IMPORTANCE OF
O R G A N I Z I N G
03
04
It shows the management how the organization is to
be built or how the existing one is modified to ensure
that the goals set in the plans are achieved.
By the proper grouping of the work and the
employees, production increases, overload of work is
checked, wastage is reduced, duplication of work is
restricted and effective delegation becomes possible

IMPORTANCE OF
O R G A N I Z I N G
Organizing also facilitates growth and
diversification of activities through clear division
of work
05
It helps in developing a proper organization
structure and the extent and nature of
decentralization can be determined.
06

PROCESS OF ORGANIZING
Organizing, like planning, is a process which is to be carefully worked
out and applied.
This process involves determining what work is needed, assigning those tasks, and
arranging them in a decision-making framework (organizational structure).
If this process is not conducted well, the results may be confusion, frustration,
loss of efficiency, and limited effectiveness.
The process of organizing consists of the following five steps. (Fig 1)

Identification of activities
Each organization exists for fulfilling a specific
purpose. This purpose identifies the activities
which are performed by the organization.
01

Grouping of activities
Once the activities have been identified, then
there is a necessity that they are grouped.
The activities are grouped in various ways.
The activities which are similar in nature can
be grouped as one and a separate
department can be created.
02

Assignment of responsibilities
Having completed the exercise of identifying, grouping
and classifying of all activities into specific jobs, the
individual employees comes into picture since the
employees are to be assign with the responsibilities to
take care of activities related to the specific jobs.
03

Granting authority
On the basis of specific responsibilities given to
individual employees, they are to be provided with the
necessary authority for the discharge of the assigned
responsibilities in order to ensure their effective
performance and in turn the performance of the
organization.
04

Establishing relationship
This is a very important part of the organizing function
since each employee in the organization is to know as
to whom to report and which are the employee who are
to work with him. This establishes a structure of
relationships in the organization which helps to ensure
that the organization has clear relationships. This
structure of relationships also facilitates the delegation.
05

FIG. 1Theories & Principles of EdMgt|2019

O R G A N I Z I N G
P R I N C I P L E S
Organizing function is effective only if the management follows some guiding principles
in order to make important decisions and act upon them.
PRINCIPLE OF SPECIALIZATION
According to the principle, the entire work of the organization is to be shared
among the subordinates based on their qualifications, abilities and skills.
Hence, effective organization can be achieved through specialization of
sharing or dividing work.
01

O R G A N I Z I N G
P R I N C I P L E S
PRINCIPLE OF FUNCTIONAL DEFINITION
The principle states that all the work in the organization is to be
fully and clearly described to the managers and subordinates
02

O R G A N I Z I N G
P R I N C I P L E S
PRINCIPLES OF SUPERVISION OR SPAN OF CONTROL
The principle states that the span of control shows the number of employees
that a single manager can handle and control efficiently. Hence, the
management is to decide the number of employees that a manager can
handle and this decision can be chosen from either a wide or narrow span of
employees
03

O R G A N I Z I N G
P R I N C I P L E S
PRINCIPLE OF SCALAR CHAIN
It is that chain of command or authorization in which there is
minimum wastage of resources, communication is unaffected,
overlapping of work is prevented, and this facilitates effective
organization. The flow of authorization from the top level to the
bottom level enables the managers to understand their
positions of authority and this helps in an effective organization.
04

O R G A N I Z I N G
P R I N C I P L E S
PRINCIPLE OF UNITY OF COMMAND
As per this principle, one subordinate is accountable to only one superior at
one time. This helps in preventing lack of communication and feedback and
also brings about quick response. Hence, the principle of unity of command
leads to effectively combine both physical and financial resources which in
turn aids in effective coordination and organization.
05

BENEFITS OF
ORGANIZING
The end result of the organizing process is an organization
which is whole consisting of unified parts (a system) acting
in harmony to execute tasks to achieve goals, both
effectively and efficiently.
01

BENEFITS OF
ORGANIZING
A properly implemented organizing process results in a
clarified work environment. Everyone in the organization
knows what to do. The tasks and responsibilities of all
individuals, departments, and major divisions gets clarified.
The type and limits of authority also gets determined.
02

BENEFITS OF
ORGANIZING
There is an environment of coordination and
cooperation in the organization. The
interrelationships of the various work units gets
developed. The principle of unity of direction
which calls for the establishment of one
authority figure for each designated task of the
organization is achieved.
03

BENEFITS OF
ORGANIZING
A formal decision-making structure gets established
in the organization. This chain of command allows
the orderly progression up and down the hierarchy
for decision making and decision-making
communications.
04

Organizing

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