The document discusses the electron configuration of oxygen, detailing its 2 electrons in the first row s orbital, 2 in the second row s orbital, and 4 in the second row p orbital. It explains the hybridization of the 2s and 2p orbitals into an sp orbital that accommodates 6 electrons, leading to the presence of pair-bonded electrons and lone electrons for bonding. The electron configuration is represented as 1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(4).