Parts of the sun (demo)

- is an average star, a
sole source of light and
heat in the solar
system and huge
glowing ball of
hydrogen and helium
gas.
4.5 billion years old
now

Parts of the Sun
Inner Parts
Outer Parts

Outer Parts
of the Sun
Prominences

• The “visible” surface of
the Sun
• It is not a solid surface,
but rather a layer of
gasses
• few hundred kilometers
thick, with a temperature of
6000 K

• They are dark spots on
the Sun.
• They are regions of the
photosphere that have a
lower temperature then
the surrounding regions
and has a very strong
magnetic fields.
Effects

• a red circle around the
outside of the sun and is
the inner layer of the
Sun’s atmosphere.
• When it can be seen it
looks like a red circle
around the Sun.
• , temperature - 7000 K

- are dense clouds of
material suspended above
the surface of the sun by
loops of magnetic field .
• (also known as a filament
when viewed against the
solar disk) is a large,
bright feature extending
outward from the Sun's
surface

• The outermost layer
of the Sun’s
atmosphere.
• Formed by the
vapors emitted by
the bubbling gases in
the photosphere.

- central part of the sun
where hydrogen fuses
into helium to give off
energy.
Temperature (10 million to 20 million
degrees Celsius)
density of 160 g/cm^3
40 percent of the sun's mass in 10
percent of the volume
Inner Parts
Hydrogen
Gamma Rays &
Neutrinos

Radiative Zone
- a layer of a star's interior
where energy is primarily
transported toward the
exterior by means of
radiative diffusion.
• It can take million of
years for energy to move
out of this layer.
• temperature is 4 million
kelvins (7 million degrees F).
• 60 percent of the mass in 90
percent of the volume.

- outer-most layer of the solar
interior. It extends from a
depth of about 200,000 km
right up to the visible
surface.
• temperature is about
2,000,000° C.
• Energy moves out of this
layer in about a week.
• density is only 0.0000002
gm/cm³

Aurora Borealis
• Also called the Northern Lights
• Energy from the solar flares also causes
displays of different-colored lights in the
upper atmosphere.
• Most often seen in Alaska, Canada, and the
Northern United States

Aurora Australis
• (also known as the southern lights, and
southern polar lights) is the southern
hemisphere counterpart to the aurora borealis.
In the sky, an aurora australis takes the shape of
a curtain of light, or a sheet, or a diffuse glow; it
most often is green, sometimes red, and
occasionally other colors too.

• Hydrogen
• Chemical Element
• Hydrogen is a chemical element with chemical symbol H and atomic
number 1. With an atomic weight of 1.00794 u, hydrogen is the
lightest element on the periodic table. Wikipedia
• Symbol: H
• Atomic number: 1
• Electron configuration: 1s1
• Electrons per shell: 1
• Atomic radius: 53 pm
• Atomic mass: 1.00794 ± 0.00001 u
• Discoverer: Henry Cavendish

Gamma rays
- are photons with high energy and high frequency. It
absorbed and re-emitted by many atoms on their
journey from the envelope to the outside of the sun.
• When the gamma rays leave atoms, their average
energy is reduced.
• However, the first law of thermodynamics (which
states that energy can neither be created nor be
destroyed) plays a role and the number of photons
increases.

The size of the Sun
• If the Sun were a hollow ball more then a
million Earths could fit inside it!
• The Sun is an average size star and the largest
object in the solar system.
• The Sun looks larger than the other stars that
can be seen in the night sky because it is much
closer to Earth.

• Question:
1. Write the different parts of the Sun (in order
from inner to outer parts)
2. What is the importance of the Sun?
3. What are the effects of the sunspots?

Parts of the sun (demo)

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