Linux PCI device driver
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The document provides a detailed overview of the PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) system, explaining its architecture, including host and client relationships, data transfer speeds, and I/O configurations. It outlines the initialization process for PCI host controllers, resource allocation, and the structure of PCI device drivers, along with examples of initialization code and resource management. Additionally, it covers the mechanisms for using basic APIs to interact with PCI devices and considerations specific to ARM architecture.
![保留系統所有PCI的資源
在setup callback function中作保留的動作
1) arch/arm/mach-ixp4xx/common-pci.c
int ixp4xx_setup(int nr, struct pci_sys_data *sys) {
struct resource *res;
res[0].name = "PCI I/O Space";
res[0].start = 0x00000000;
res[0].end = 0x0000ffff;
res[0].flags = IORESOURCE_IO;
res[1].name = "PCI Memory Space";
res[1].start = PCIBIOS_MIN_MEM;
res[1].end = 0x4bffffff;
res[1].flags = IORESOURCE_MEM;
request_resource(&ioport_resource, &res[0]);
request_resource(&iomem_resource, &res[1]);
sys->resource[0] = &res[0];
sys->resource[1] = &res[1];
sys->resource[2] = NULL;
return 1;
}
10](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pcidevicedriver-140907011532-phpapp02/85/Linux-PCI-device-driver-10-320.jpg)
![struct pci_device_id範例
static struct pci_device_id rtl8139_pci_tbl[] = {
{0x10ec, 0x8139, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 },
{0x10ec, 0x8138, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 },
{0x1113, 0x1211, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 },
{0x1500, 0x1360, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 },
{0x4033, 0x1360, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 },
{0x1186, 0x1300, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 },
{0x1186, 0x1340, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 },
{0}
};
14](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pcidevicedriver-140907011532-phpapp02/85/Linux-PCI-device-driver-14-320.jpg)
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Linux PCI device driver
- 1. PCI DEVICE DRIVER 1
- 2. 什麼是PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) 它是一種電腦的硬體bus 可以讓多個週邊在上面運行，主要是給電 腦擴充週邊用的 它有分host端和client端，一個host可以接多 個client (最多可達32個) 可以經由PCI bridge串接更多的PCI client 它的速度有33M 和66M兩種 I/O為32bits，而記憶體可32或64b its 2
- 3. 3 PCI System
- 4. 4 PCI Pin
- 5. 5 PCI 設定表
- 7. 7 PCI啓動流程 PCI Host 控制器 初始化，並將 可分配的資源 設定好 PCI Host開始掃 描看看Bus上有 多少個PCI Client 元件 針對每一個PCI Client元件給予分 配可用資源 尋找PCI Client是否有登 記PCI probe callback， 若有就給予呼叫(依據 vendor & device ID)
- 8. 8 PCI Host Driver 宣告一個struct hw_pci的資料 結構 呼叫 pci_common_i nit() 系統呼叫註冊的 preinit callback function初始該PCI Host元件 系統呼叫setup callback function 設定PCI Host可 分配的資源 系統呼叫scan callback function 並準備好struct pci_ops並開始掃 描PCI client元件 啓動PCI client元 件
- 9. struct hw_pci 範例mach-ixp4xx/ixdp425-pci.c struct hw_pci ixdp425_pci __initdata = { .nr_controllers = 1, .preinit = ixdp425_pci_preinit, .swizzle = pci_std_swizzle, .setup = ixp4xx_setup, .scan = ixp4xx_scan_bus, .map_irq = ixdp425_map_irq, }; 9 int __init ixdp425_pci_init(void) { if (machine_is_ixdp425() || machine_is_ixcdp1100() || machine_is_ixdp465() || machine_is_kixrp435()) pci_common_init(&ixdp425_pci); return 0; } subsys_initcall(ixdp425_pci_init);
- 10. 保留系統所有PCI的資源 在setup callback function中作保留的動作 1) arch/arm/mach-ixp4xx/common-pci.c int ixp4xx_setup(int nr, struct pci_sys_data *sys) { struct resource *res; res[0].name = "PCI I/O Space"; res[0].start = 0x00000000; res[0].end = 0x0000ffff; res[0].flags = IORESOURCE_IO; res[1].name = "PCI Memory Space"; res[1].start = PCIBIOS_MIN_MEM; res[1].end = 0x4bffffff; res[1].flags = IORESOURCE_MEM; request_resource(&ioport_resource, &res[0]); request_resource(&iomem_resource, &res[1]); sys->resource[0] = &res[0]; sys->resource[1] = &res[1]; sys->resource[2] = NULL; return 1; } 10
- 11. struct pci_ops 範例 static struct pci_ops ftpci_ops = { .read = ftpci_read_config, .write = ftpci_write_config, }; 其操作是給PCI Client Driver在讀PCI table時 所使用的基本API (HAL) 系統呼叫scan_bus call back function 中會呼 叫pci_scan_bus(sys->busnr, &ixp4xx_ops, sys); 時給予註冊(arch/arm/mach-ixp4xx/common-pci. c) 11
- 12. 12 PCI Host分配資源流程 PCI Host Scan Device Read device configuration table to get requests Assign resources to device on configuration table 比對Vendor ID & Device ID 確認是 否有任何PCI Device Driver 登 錄 呼叫己登 錄的probe callback function
- 13. static struct pci_driver rtl8139_pci_driver = { .name = DRV_NAME, .id_table = rtl8139_pci_tbl, .probe = rtl8139_init_one, .remove = __devexit_p(rtl8139_remove_one), #ifdef CONFIG_PM .suspend = rtl8139_suspend, .resume = rtl8139_resume, #endif /* CONFIG_PM */ }; static int __init rtl8139_init_module (void) { /* when we're a module, we always print a version message, * even if no 8139 board is found. */ #ifdef MODULE pr_info(RTL8139_DRIVER_NAME "n"); #endif return pci_register_driver(&rtl8139_pci_driver); } 13 PCI Client Driver
- 14. struct pci_device_id範例 static struct pci_device_id rtl8139_pci_tbl[] = { {0x10ec, 0x8139, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 }, {0x10ec, 0x8138, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 }, {0x1113, 0x1211, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 }, {0x1500, 0x1360, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 }, {0x4033, 0x1360, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 }, {0x1186, 0x1300, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 }, {0x1186, 0x1340, PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, RTL8139 }, {0} }; 14
- 15. PCI Client如何取得被分配的資源 pci_enable_device (pdev); pio_start = pci_resource_start (pdev, 0); pio_end = pci_resource_end (pdev, 0); pio_flags = pci_resource_flags (pdev, 0); pio_len = pci_resource_len (pdev, 0); mmio_start = pci_resource_start (pdev, 1); mmio_end = pci_resource_end (pdev, 1); mmio_flags = pci_resource_flags (pdev, 1); mmio_len = pci_resource_len (pdev, 1); 15
- 16. PCI Bus有分I/O及memory access，而ARM只 有memory access，所以在assign I/O resource 時要小心 有的PCI controller需要改寫outb/inb & readb/writeb HAL API (arch/io.h) 16 注意事項 CPU PCI Host Controller PCI Client Device Local Bus PCI Bus
- 17. 17 PCI Host Controller I CPU PCI Host Controller PCI Device I/O Access Memory Access Local Bus Local Bus PCI Bus PCI Bus
- 18. 18 PCI Host Controller II CPU PCI Host Controller PCI Device I/O Access Memory Access I/O CMD Mem CMD PCI Bus PCI Bus
- 19. PCI Host Controller II porting 在mach-xxx/include/mach目錄之下建主一個 檔案io.h 若需redirect PCI access則不要宣告以下 1) #define _ _mem_pci(a) (a) 2) #define _ _io(v) _ _typesafe_io(v) Examples 1) mach-ixp4xx/include/mach/io.h 19
Editor's Notes
- #7: Ps : 需查明以上資訊是否為正確