Percona XtraDB Cluster ( Ensure high Availability )

www.mydbops.com info@mydbops.com
Presenter
Karthik P R
CEO Mydbops
Percona XtraDB Cluster
Ensure High Availability

Mydbops is into MySQL/MongoDB Support and Consulting. It is founded by experts
who have scaled database at Yahoo! ,Percona and Datavail. We are providing an
expert level support and 24*7 monitoring for MySQL databases and its related
technologies like MariaDB , Percona ( also clustering ) . We support modern
database technologies in MySQL which includes Galera ( Clustering ), Group
Replication , SQL aware Load balancers like Maxscale / ProxySQL.
Mydbops

Our Clients

1. Native MySQL Replication
2. Percona XtraDB Cluster
3. What is new in XtraDB Cluster ?
4. Load Balancing
5. Use Cases
6. Limitations
Table of Contents

• One of Best Feature in MySQL from start.
• Asynchronous in nature.
• Binary log based replication.
• Data is streamed between nodes.
• Works irrespective of MySQL Engine used.
Native MySQL Replication

• Can have any kind of topology and any levels

• Slaves helps in the read scalability.
○ Asynchronous Replication ( lag )
○ Data loss and data inconsistency
○ Parallelism.
■ 5.6 = Database level
■ 5.7 = Time based group
■ 8.0 = Writeset ( RC )

• Replication Switchover and Failover
○ Externals scripts for failover.
○ GTID 5.6 and Orchestrator makes things better.
• Adding a slave (node)
○ Backup and restore.
○ Manual config of slave coordinates.

Percona XtraDB Cluster is an active/active
high availability and high scalability open source
solution for MySQL.Percona XtraDB Cluster 5.7
is MySQL 5.7 compatible Galera-based high
availability (HA) solution.
Tightly integrated with Xtrabackup and ProxySQL for scalability. Heavily tested for
production workload and has a huge share in MySQL clustering solution & Openstack for
RDBMS.

What is Galera ?
Galera is a replication plugin for the synchronous replication and multi master replication to
achieve High Availability. The read and writes can be made on any node and there is no
complex failover solutions. An open source from codership team.
What is wsrep ?
WSREP (Write Set REPlication) is an API to connect the Galera library and control the
characteristics of Galera.It helps to implement the Certificate based replication and multi
master replication.

Features
● Synchronous Replication ( Virtually )
● Parallel applier threads
● Quorum based
● Automatic node provisioning
● Multi master writes
● PXC Specific features

Transaction in Galera

Percona XtraDB Cluster - Setup
Group Communication

Parallel Appliers
● Write set consists only rows to replicate.
● Any transaction which writes different tuples can be parallelized.
● wsrep_slave_threads controls parallel threads
Application Writes
Replication Writes

Recovery
IST
(Incremental State
Transfer)
SST
(State Snapshot
Transfer)
● Disconnected for
maintenance
● Node crashed
● Joining a new node
● Node disconnected
for a long time

● Improved scalability by 10x.
● Tracking IST Progress
● Gcache Recovery
● PXC_Strict_mode
● Performance Schema for Galera
● Securing PXC
What is new in XtraDB Cluster ?

Improved XtraDB Cluster Scalability

IST Improvements

● Gcache Recovery ( Codership )
Gcache can be made to disk with gcache.recover=yes it helps in restoring cache on
restore.It saves pains in SST.
● PXC_strict_mode
PXC Strict Mode is designed to avoid the use of experimental and unsupported features in
Percona XtraDB Cluster. It includes storage engine checks, Primary key checks, binlog format ,
Autoinc lock mode and others.

● Load balancer for MySQL
○ HAProxy ( TCP Layer )
○ Maxscale ( Application Layer )
○ ProxySQL ( Application Layer )
● SQL aware load balancer (application layer) , forward the queries/statements by
understanding the underlying state of PXC.
○ Read-write split up
○ Automatic Switchover
Load Balancing

● ProxySQL is light weight
● Build by René Cannaò
● GPL V3 License
● SQL based administration
● Custom cluster health check script
● Proxysql-admin for easy configuration.
● ProxySQL 1.4 comes with inbuilt clustering
Load Balancing ( ProxySQL )

● Maxscale Build by MariaDB
● File based config
● Pluggable Router
● GPL and BSL model
○ Maxscale 1.4 (GPL)
○ Maxscale 2.X (BSL)
Load Balancing ( Maxscale )

● High Availability
○ Quorum
○ Automated Failover
● Read Scaling ( No write scaling )
○ No read-write split required
○ Read throughput increased with nodes
● WAN Based Replication.
○ Optimized WAN segments
Use cases

Sample Architecture ( 3 node + 2 node ProxySQL )
Use cases

● Supports Only InnoDB Engine.
● Tables should have Primary Key ( else created internally )
● All nodes should have same capacity.
● Avoid heavier and longer transaction ( OLTP workload )
● Schema changes are costly ( use pt-osc )
● Needs a Stable and strong network.
Limitations

● Percona XtraDB Cluster Official website
○ https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtradb-cluster/
● Percona XtraDB Blogs
○ https://www.percona.com/blog/category/percona-xtradb-cluster/
Resources

Contact US:
Write to me at prk@mydbops.com
DB Consulting Contact : info@mydbops.com
Phone : 08048505683

Percona XtraDB Cluster ( Ensure high Availability )

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Percona XtraDB Cluster ( Ensure high Availability )