Per-Dev_Eric_Erickson_8_Stages.pptx

The 8 Stages of Psychosocial
Development
A Presentation by Group 4

What is The 8 Stages of Psychosocial
Development?
• The 8 stages of psychosocial development was a model made by german
psychoanalysis Erik Homburger Erickson based on his study and a phrase
he coined identity crisis. Erikson also said that personality develops in a
predetermined order through eight stages of psychosocial development,
from infancy to adulthood. During each stage, the person experiences a
psychosocial crisis that could positively or negatively affect personality
development.

What are The 8 Stages of
Psychosocial Development?

Stage 1 – (Infancy-18 months)

1. Trust vs. Mistrust
• Trust – refers to one’s trust on others and
one’s environment. It is also the process of
knowing what and who is safe, as well as
knowing what and who gives one’s
needs.
• Examples of traits of “Trust”
• Believing in caregivers
• Trusting that the world is safe
• Knowing that needs will be met
• Mistrust – refers one’s doubt on others
and one’s environment. If others and one’s
environments are inconsistent with one’s
needs a sense of doubt on others will
develop, and overtime turns into mistrust.
• Examples of traits of “Mistrust”
• Frustrated about everything
• Withdrawal
• Suspicious about everything
• Lack of Confidence

Stage 2 – (Early Childhood-18 months)

2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
• Autonomy – refers to one’s
preference whether it be toys,
colors, clothes and etc. If one’s
parents/guardians approve of one’s
preference or let one explore the
world, one begins to have self-
confidence and independence.
• Shame and Doubt – refers to
one’s feeling towards rejection of
one’s preference. One will start to
develop a sense of inadequacy
which in turn results in a feeling of
shame and doubt.

Stage 3 – (Preschool–3 years old)

3. Initiative vs. Guilt
• Initiative – refers to one’s capability
and desire to take initiative and
begin to assert control over their
environment through social
interactions at play. One who is
successful in this stage feel capable
and are able to lead others. One wants
to begin and complete one’s own
actions for a specific purpose.
• Guilt – refers to one’s feeling towards
the failure of yielding the desired
results. It could ruin one’s
confidence in their capabilities
which in turn may ultimately stop
them from taking initiative.

Stage 4 –(School Age-5 years old)

4. Industry vs. Inferiority
• Industry – refers to one’s belief in
their capabilities and
accomplishments and will start to
develop pride. If one is
encouraged and commended,
they develop a sense of
competence and belief in their
skill.
• Inferiority – refers to one’s feeling
if one does not get the support
of parents and teachers in the
form of encouragement and
appreciation, one will begin to
doubt one’s abilities to be
successful. Which in turn leads one
to develop inferiority complex.

Stage 5–(Adolescence-12 years old)

5. Identity vs. Role Confusion
• Identity – refers to one exploring the
world to find independence and
develop a sense of self. If one were to
receive proper encouragement and
reinforcement in their personal
exploration, they will emerge from this
stage with a strong sense of identity
and are able to remain true to their
values and beliefs when faced with
problems.
• Role Confusion – refers to one’s
weak sense of identity due to a lack
of proper encouragement and
reinforcement. One is not only
confused about oneself, but also
about one’s future.

Stage 6–(Young Adulthood-21 years old)

6. Intimacy vs. Isolation
• Intimacy – refers to one’s act to share one’s life
to others. Young adults wants to blend with
their friends and peers. In other words they
want to fit in. One also wants to an intimate
relationship with other people and wants to make
a long-term commitment to others. i.e.
Friendships and marriage. Those who are
successful in this stage are able to establish
Intimate relationships, one that is enduring and
secure. Which may ultimately result in the
development of a virtue called “Love”
• An Example of “Intimacy”
• They are willing to make compromises and
sacrifices.
• Isolation – refers to the failure to establish
Intimate relationships with others, which leads
them to develop a sense of isolation. If the
crises in the stage, one may find it difficult to
develop and maintain relationships with other
people.
• An Example of “Isolation”
• Their inability to maintain an intimate relationship
leads them to be alone in the world.

Stage 7–(Adulthood-40 years old)

7. Generativity vs. Stagnation
• Generativity – refers to one wanting to make a
mark on the world by caring for others, creating
and accomplishing things that makes the world a
better place, even if it is little.
• Examples of generativity are:
• Helping others
• Mentoring others
• Making commitments with other people
• Developing relationships with family
• Contributing to the next generation
• Stagnation – refers to one’s failure to find a way
to contribute. Stagnant individuals tend to feel
unproductive and uninvolved with the world due
to their failure to attain the generativity skill.
• Examples of Stagnation are:
• Being self centered
• Placing one’s concerns above all else
• Failing to get involved with others
• Not taking interest in productivity
• No efforts to improve one’s self

8. Ego Integrity vs. Despair
• Ego Integrity – refers to one’s
happiness and contentment for
what one has accomplished. Which
in turn gives them a sense of
integrity.
• An Example of “Integrity”
• One can look back on one’s past
with little regrets.
• Despair – refers to one’s regret.
One felt that their whole life has
been was wasted for one couldn’t
accomplish a dream or a goal.
• Examples of “Despair”
• One tends to be grumpy or
irritable.
• Constantly lives in the past and not
the present.

Activity 4: Answer Me!
Answer the given situations by writing which stage is appropriate for
the given situations.
1. Jay feels discouraged and down whenever he see people on social media having the time of their lives.
2. The caregiver wouldn’t allow Kyle to feed himself because he knew that the child would be making a mess.
3. Jea doesn’t like it when people hug her or when they show their vulnerable side to her.
4. Caleb is now able to provide his own needs while fulfilling his role in the society.
5. Cleonne volunteers to take care of the new plant that her cousin bought.
6. Thea thought that she should start cleaning to make her parents proud.
7. Greg is feeling left out because he can’t seem to be much help in impacting the lives of of his children anymore.
8. Clark felt content in his life for he sees the good he’s done to others and himself.
9. Zeph felt confused about her role in society and in other’s life
10. What is the hardest stage to explain and why?

Per-Dev_Eric_Erickson_8_Stages.pptx

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