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PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG
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- 4. SMOG • Smog issimply a type of air pollutant. Smog was coined by Dr Henry Antoine Des voex in 1905 from word Smoke and Fog for London fog. Smog can be defined as the yellowish or blackish fog formed mainly by a mixture of pollutants in the atmosphere which consists of fine particles and ground level ozone. Smog which occurs mainly because of air pollution, can also be defined as a mixture of various gases with dust and water vapor. Some examples:
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- 6. Types of smog Industrialsmog Volcanic smog(vog) Photochemical smog
- 7. According to typesof pollutant , photochemical smog can be classified into : PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG It is haze in the atmosphere accompanied by high level of ozone(O3) and Nitrogen oxides caused by action of sunlight.
- 8. Sulfurous smog : It is also called as ‘London smog’ results from high concentration of sulfur oxides in air. Causes : Burning coal was the major cause. Behind that production of crude oil and metallic ore China, Cairo, Egypt, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, and Calcutta, India are current examples of urban centers with London type smog
- 9. •Los Angeles smog: Itoccurs prominently in urban areas that have large number of automobiles,factories and other NOX releasing factors. • Causes: ~Automobiles ~Vehicular and Industrial Emissions some important examples being Mexico City, Mexico, Riode Janeiro and Sao Paolo, Brazil, Houston, Texas, USA, and Santiago, Chile. •
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- 11. In summary,this is what happens in photochemical smog formation 1) Nitrogen oxides generate oxygen atoms 2) Oxygen atoms form hydroxyl radicals 3) Hydroxyl radicals generate hydrocarbon radicals 4) Hydrocarbon radicals form hydrocarbon peroxides 5) Hydrocarbon peroxides form aldehydes 6) Aldehydes form aldehyde peroxides 7) Aldehyde peroxides form peroxyacylnitrates(PAN).
- 13. Effects Highly toxicto humans and can cause severe sickness, shortened life or death. It is a combination of airborne particulate matter, like soot, and invisible toxic gases including ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), which are carcinogens (cancer causing agents). Temperature inversions are accentuated and precipitation is reduced. Smog related Haze lowers visibility. ~Risks of road accidents or even plane crash ~The risk of developing ricket ~Birth defects and low birth weights ~Breathing difficulties and lung damage ~Premature deaths because of respiratory and cancer diseases ~Coughing and irritation of the eyes, chest, nose and throat
- 17. LOS ANGELOUS SMOG:July 26 1943 When for the first time LA Was suffered by hazardous smog. It was the time from where hisory of smog came from. The most probable cause was the ongoing 2nd world war. And other cause was the Car they loved the factory they started forcomfort of their life. LONDON SMOG: After thet the london was affected by great smog.About 9000 died 100000 became ill. Los angeles london
- 18. Beijing smog:Among the20 most polluted cities 16 of them are in china. Each year beijing get affected by smog. Delhi smog: Smog in Delhi is an ongoing severe air-pollution event in delhi and adjoining areas Air pollution at this time peaked on both PM 2.5 and PM 10 levels. The scale reaches upto 999 in 2017.
- 19. Preventive measures: Reduction ofNOX Reduction of volatile organic compounds Purchase renewable energy Reducing and managing vehicular and industrial emissions Smog detection and monitoring systems Use of environmentally friendly consumer products Increasing energy efficiency and conserving energy
- 23. We have tolive like that if we cant control photochemical smog.
- 24. What we peopleare doing to our common home, The Earth. If we continue doing so then you can imagine situation that should be faced by us…,