Александр Трищенко: PHP 7 Evolution
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The document discusses the evolution of PHP 7, highlighting performance improvements and features such as scalar type declarations, return type declarations, the null coalesce operator, the spaceship operator, constant arrays, and a new exceptions handling interface. It details how type errors and exceptions are managed in PHP 7, including various specific exception classes and their usage. Additionally, it covers generator return expressions, integer division, and the changes in memory management for improved performance.
![Return type declarations
<?php
function arraysSum(array ...$arrays): array
{
return array_map(function(array $array): int {
return array_sum($array);
}, $arrays);
}
print_r(arraysSum([1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]));
/*
Array
(
[0] => 6
[1] => 15
[2] => 24
)
*/](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pug7-php7-tryshchenko-151210082949/85/PHP-7-Evolution-8-320.jpg)
![Null coalesce operator
<?php
// Fetches the value of $_GET['user'] and returns 'nobody'
// if it does not exist.
$username = $_GET['user'] ?? 'nobody';
// This is equivalent to:
$username = isset($_GET['user']) ? $_GET['user'] : 'nobody';
// Coalesces can be chained: this will return the first
// defined value out of $_GET['user'], $_POST['user'], and
// 'nobody'.
$username = $_GET['user'] ?? $_POST['user'] ?? 'nobody';](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pug7-php7-tryshchenko-151210082949/85/PHP-7-Evolution-11-320.jpg)
![Constant arrays using define()
<?php
define('ANIMALS', [
'dog',
'cat',
'bird'
]);
echo ANIMALS[1]; // outputs "cat"](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pug7-php7-tryshchenko-151210082949/85/PHP-7-Evolution-13-320.jpg)
Александр Трищенко: PHP 7 Evolution
- 3. taken from https://wiki.php.net/phpng Performance
- 4. taken from https://wiki.php.net/phpng Performance
- 7. Scalar types declaration <?php // Coercive mode function sumOfInts(int ...$ints) { return array_sum($ints); } var_dump(sumOfInts(2, '3', 4.1)); //int(9)
- 8. Return type declarations <?php function arraysSum(array ...$arrays): array { return array_map(function(array $array): int { return array_sum($array); }, $arrays); } print_r(arraysSum([1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9])); /* Array ( [0] => 6 [1] => 15 [2] => 24 ) */
- 9. Strict mode isn't strict enough http://tryshchenko.com/archives/47
- 10. Unlike parameter type declarations, the type checking mode used for return types depends on the file where the function is defined, not where the function is called. This is because returning the wrong type is a problem with the callee, while passing the wrong type is a problem with the caller.
- 12. Spaceship operator <?php // Integers echo 1 <=> 1; // 0 echo 1 <=> 2; // -1 echo 2 <=> 1; // 1 // Floats echo 1.5 <=> 1.5; // 0 echo 1.5 <=> 2.5; // -1 echo 2.5 <=> 1.5; // 1 // Strings echo "a" <=> "a"; // 0 echo "a" <=> "b"; // -1 echo "b" <=> "a"; // 1
- 13. Constant arrays using define() <?php define('ANIMALS', [ 'dog', 'cat', 'bird' ]); echo ANIMALS[1]; // outputs "cat"
- 14. Group use declarations use somenamespace{ClassA, ClassB, ClassC as C}; use function somenamespace{fn_a, fn_b, fn_c}; use const somenamespace{ConstA, ConstB, ConstC};
- 16. Generator delegation function gen() { yield 1; yield from gen2(); } function gen2() { yield 2; yield 3; } foreach (gen() as $val) { echo $val, PHP_EOL; } /* 1 2 3 */
- 17. Integer division with intdiv() var_dump(intdiv(10, 3)); //3
- 21. Exceptions handling interface Throwable |- Exception implements Throwable |- ... |- Error implements Throwable |- TypeError extends Error |- ParseError extends Error |- ArithmeticError extends Error |- DivisionByZeroError extends ArithmeticError |- AssertionError extends Error https://trowski.com/2015/06/24/throwable-exceptions-and-errors-in-php7/
- 22. Exceptions handling interface Throwable { public function getMessage(): string; public function getCode(): int; public function getFile(): string; public function getLine(): int; public function getTrace(): array; public function getTraceAsString(): string; public function getPrevious(): Throwable; public function __toString(): string; }
- 23. How to use it now try { // Code that may throw an Exception or Error. } catch (Throwable $t) { // Executed only in PHP 7, will not match in PHP 5.x } catch (Exception $e) { // Executed only in PHP 5.x, will not be reached in PHP 7 }
- 26. ArithmeticError try { $value = 1 << 1; } catch (ArithmeticError $e) { echo $e->getMessage(), "n"; }
- 29. Applying function //PHP5 WAY PHP <?php class TestClass { protected $b = 'hello world'; } //function getter $getB = function() { return $this->b; //pay attention, context is undefined now! }; $applied = $getB->bindTo(new TestClass, 'TestClass'); echo $applied();
- 30. Applying function //PHP7 WAY <?php class TestClass { protected $b = 'hello world'; } //function getter $getB = function() { return $this->b; //pay attention, context is undefined now! }; echo $getB->call(new TestClass);
- 31. Continue coming soon Tryshchenko Oleksandr Dataart 2015 [email protected] skype:ensaier