PHP Comprehensive Overview
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This document provides an overview of PHP and its syntax. PHP is an open-source scripting language used for web development. It allows developers to add dynamic content and interact with databases. The document outlines how to set up PHP on a local development environment and covers PHP syntax like variables, operators, conditional statements, loops and functions. It also discusses how PHP handles HTML forms and retrieves submitted data using the $_GET and $_POST superglobals.
PHP Comprehensive Overview
- 2. Agenda Part I: Introduction Part II: PHP Syntax Part III: PHP Form Handling
- 3. Agenda Part I: Introduction What is PHP? Why we use PHP? PHP Can Set Up PHP on Your Own PC
- 4. What is PHP? PHP is a server scripting language, and is a powerful tool for making dynamic and interactive Web pages quickly. PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting language PHP scripts are executed on the server PHP costs nothing, it is free to download and use
- 5. Why we use PHP? PHP runs on various platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS X, etc.) PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.) PHP supports a wide range of databases PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side It is powerful enough to be at the core of the biggest blogging system on the web (WordPress)! It is deep enough to run the largest social network (Facebook)!
- 6. PHP Can Generate dynamic page content Create, open, read, write, delete, and close files on the server Send and receive cookies Add, delete, modify data in your database Encrypt data Output images, PDF files, and even Flash movies
- 7. Set Up PHP on Your Own PC Install a web server (Apache) Install PHP Install a database, such as MySQL Example: XAMPP (Apache + MySQL + PHP + Perl) XAMPP is the most popular PHP development environment
- 8. Agenda Part II: PHP Syntax PHP Syntax Comments in PHP PHP Case Sensitivity PHP Variables PHP echo and print Statements PHP Operators PHP Conditional Statements PHP Loops PHP Functions PHP Arrays
- 9. PHP Syntax PHP script can be placed anywhere in the document. A PHP script starts with <?php and ends with ?> The default file extension for PHP files is ".php".
- 10. Simple PHP Code
- 11. Comments in PHP A comment in PHP code is a line that is not read/executed as part of the program. PHP supports three ways of commenting:
- 12. PHP Case Sensitivity In PHP, all user-defined functions, classes, and keywords (e.g. if, else, while, echo, etc.) are NOT case- sensitive. Example:
- 13. PHP Case Sensitivity However; in PHP, all variables are case- sensitive. $color, $COLOR, and $coLOR are treated as three different variables Example:
- 14. PHP Variables Variables are "containers" for storing information. A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character A variable name cannot start with a number A variable name can only contain alpha- numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _ ) Variable names are case sensitive ($y and $Y are two different variables)
- 15. PHP Variables PHP has no command for declaring a variable. Example:
- 16. PHP echo and print Statements In PHP there are two basic ways to get output: echo and print. There are some differences between echo and print: echo - can output one or more strings print - can only output one string, and returns always 1 Example:
- 17. PHP Operators PHP Arithmetic Operators
- 18. PHP Operators PHP Arithmetic Operators Example:
- 19. PHP Operators PHP Assignment Operators
- 20. PHP Operators PHP Assignment Operators Example:
- 21. PHP Operators PHP String Operators
- 22. PHP Operators PHP String Operators Example:
- 23. PHP Operators PHP Increment / Decrement Operators
- 24. PHP Operators PHP Increment / Decrement Operators Example:
- 25. PHP Operators PHP Comparison Operators
- 26. PHP Operators PHP Comparison Operators Example:
- 27. PHP Operators PHP Logical Operators
- 28. PHP Operators PHP Array Operators
- 29. PHP Operators PHP Array Operators Example:
- 30. PHP Conditional Statements In PHP we have the following conditional statements: if statement - executes some code only if a specified condition is true if...else statement - executes some code if a condition is true and another code if the condition is false if...elseif....else statement - selects one of several blocks of code to be executed switch statement - selects one of many blocks of code to be executed
- 31. PHP Conditional Statements If else Example:
- 32. PHP Conditional Statements Switch example:
- 33. PHP Loops In PHP, we have the following looping statements: while - loops through a block of code as long as the specified condition is true do...while - loops through a block of code once, and then repeats the loop as long as the specified condition is true for - loops through a block of code a specified number of times foreach - loops through a block of code for each element in an array
- 34. PHP Loops PHP while Loop example:
- 35. PHP Loops PHP do...while Loop example:
- 36. PHP Loops PHP for Loop example:
- 37. PHP Loops PHP foreach Loop example:
- 38. PHP Functions A function is a block of statements that can be used repeatedly in a program. A function will not execute immediately when a page loads. A function will be executed by a call to the function.
- 39. PHP Functions PHP function examples:
- 40. PHP Arrays An array is a special variable, which can hold more than one value at a time. Example:
- 41. PHP Associative Arrays Associative arrays are arrays that use named keys that you assign to them. Example:
- 42. PHP Sorting Arrays PHP array sort functions: sort() - sort arrays in ascending order rsort() - sort arrays in descending order asort() - sort associative arrays in ascending order, according to the value ksort() - sort associative arrays in ascending order, according to the key arsort() - sort associative arrays in descending order, according to the value krsort() - sort associative arrays in descending order, according to the key
- 43. Agenda Part III: PHP Form Handling PHP GET vs. POST PHP $_GET PHP $_POST
- 44. PHP Form Handling One of the most powerful features of PHP is the way it handles HTML forms. The basic concept that is important to understand is that any form element will automatically be available to your PHP scripts. The PHP $_GET and $_POST are used to collect form-data.
- 45. PHP GET vs. POST Both GET and POST create an array (e.g. array( key => value, key2 => value2, key3 => value3, ...)). This array holds key/value pairs, where keys are the names of the form controls and values are the input data from the user. When to use GET? Information sent from a form with the GET method is visible to everyone facebook.com?welcome.php?name=Mohamed When to use POST? Information sent from a form with the POST method is invisible to others facebook.com?welcome.php
- 47. PHP $_GET When the user fills out the form above and clicks the submit button, the form data is sent for processing to a PHP file named "welcome.php". welcome.php
- 48. PHP $_GET Result: Welocome.php Output
- 50. PHP $_POST When the user fills out the form above and clicks the submit button, the form data is sent for processing to a PHP file named "welcome.php". welcome.php
- 51. PHP $_POST Result: Welocome.php Output
- 52. THANK U