PHP5.5 is Here

Hello
● Hello, I'm Julien PAULI
– Architect at Blablacar Paris (www.blablacar.com)
– PHP 5.5 Release Manager
– Working on PHP internals

@BlaBlaCar
● http://www.blablacar.com
– .es .it .pl .de and covoiturage.fr
● 75 people
● > 3 million members
● 180Gb MySQL, 2 web fronts, mobile apps
● PHP 5.3, planning 5.4 soon
– Symfony2/Doctrine2 based app
– Redis, Memcache, RabbitMQ, ElasticSearch
● Java, Perl, Python, {?}...

Inside BlaBlaCar
● We do all ourselves : self-hosted
● From network building to app deployment
● Basis is Unix , we mainly use Linux

We are hiring
● PHP dev (SF2)
● Database admin
● BI / Data
● System admin
● ?

PHP : When ?
● We've always released version whenever we
wanted to
– 5.0 (2004)
– 5.1 (2005)
– 5.2 (2006)
– 5.3 (2009)
– 5.4 (2011)
– 5.5 (2013)
● Starting with 5.4, we have a process

PHP release process
● https://wiki.php.net/rfc/releaseprocess
● Yearly new major/minor (5.4->5.5 or 6.0)
– New features
– Big changes. Majors may break BC
– 3 years of life (2 + 1)
● Monthly new revisions (5.4.3->5.4.4)
– Bug fixes, no new features, BC kept
● EOLed security releases
– After EOL, 1 year of security fixes

PHP contributors
● Not so many contributors worldwide
– About 10~20 regular ppl
– Hundreds total
● Lots of ways to contribute
– Code (sure)
– Report bugs, write more tests
– Documentation, translations
– Infrastructure : php.net
● But how many PHP users worldwide ?

PHP 5.5 menu
● Password hashing API
● Generators
● "Finally" keyword
● OPCode cache integration
● Syntax and engine improvements
● Class name to scalar
● Breaks & deprecations

New Password hashing API
● PHP users don't really understand/care
about the concept behing hashing, salting
and crypting
● PHP doesn't give any hints about that
● User are left on their own
– Until 5.5 version
– Welcome a new password hashing API !

● http://www.php.net/password
● See how easy that looks now :
– To generate a hash
$password = 'secret';
$hash = password_hash($password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
var_dump($hash);
// "$2y$10$Pa2cIqH5X3m6iqIYVDBdvOUcggnXnZzBy0dlie
4VRHLr3ncLcyB7a"

● http://www.php.net/password
● See how easy that looks now :
– To verify a hash
$provided_password = 'secret';
$hash = "$2y$10$Pa2cIqH5X3m6iqIYVDBdvOUcggnXnZzBy0
dlie4VRHLr3ncLcyB7a";
if (password_verify($provided_password, $hash)) {
echo "you are welcome" ;
}

● More options :
– choose your hashing algorithm
– choose a salt from yours
– choose a CPU cost
$password = "mysecret" ;
$hash =password_hash($password, PASSWORD_BCRYPT,
array("cost" => 5, "salt" => "my_secret_salt") ) ;

● Just one Database field is needed
● The hash encapsulates all the infos
– algorithm used
– salt used
– cost used
– hash itself
"$2y$10$Pa2cIqH5X3m6iqIYVDBdvOUcggnXnZzBy0dlie4VR...

Generators
● http://www.php.net/generators
● Implementation of "generators", like in
Python, Js or C#
– A sort of concise Iterator
– With less code to write :-)
– Introduction of the new "yield" keyword

Generators example
function myGenerator() {
echo "startn";
yield "call";
yield "mykey" => "myvalue";
echo "endn";
}
$gen = myGenerator();
foreach ($gen as $k=>$v) {
echo "key : $k - val : $vn";
}
start
key : 0 - val : call
key : mykey - val : myvalue
end

Generators as iterators
function myGenerator() {
echo "startn";
yield "call";
yield "mykey" => "myvalue";
echo "endn";
}
$gen = myGenerator();
var_dump($gen);
object(Generator)#1 (0) {
}
$gen->next(); // start
echo $gen->current(); // call

Generators internally
./bin/php55 --rc Generator
Class [ <internal:Core> <iterateable> final class Generator
implements Iterator, Traversable ] { (...)
var_dump(new Generator);
Catchable fatal error: The "Generator" class is reserved for
internal use and cannot be manually instantiated

Generators deeper
● Generators can throw exceptions
● Generators can send() values
final class Generator implements Iterator {
void rewind();
bool valid();
mixed current();
mixed key();
void next();
mixed send(mixed $value);
mixed throw(Exception $exception);
}

try - catch - finally
● http://www.php.net/exceptions
echo "beginn";
try {
echo "enteredn";
throw new Exception("Foo");
echo "gonna leave try";
}
catch (Exception $e) {
echo "caughtn";
}
finally {
echo "finallyn";
}
echo "endn";
begin
entered
caught
finally
end

finally example
PHP < 5.5
$db = mysqli_connect();
try {
call_some_function($db);
} catch (Exception $e) {
mysqli_close($db);
log($e);
throw $e;
}
mysqli_close($db);
stuff();
$db = mysqli_connect();
try {
call_some_function($db);
} catch (Exception $e) {
log($e);
throw $e;
} finally {
mysqli_close($db);
}
stuff();
PHP >= 5.5

"Other" changes
● ext/intl has been massively worked on / improved
● ext/curl up to date with new libcurl
● bison < 2.4 no longer supported (parser)
● libpcre and libgd updated
● array_column()
● cli_set_process_title()
● Lots of bug fixes

foreach() changes
● Foreach now supports list()
● Good to iterate over 2-dim arrays
$users = array(
array('Foo', 'Bar'),
array('Baz', 'Qux');
);
// Before
foreach ($users as $user) {
list($firstName, $lastName) = $user;
echo "First name: $firstName, last name: $lastName. ";
}
// After
foreach ($users as list($firstName, $lastName)) {
echo "First name: $firstName, last name: $lastName. ";
}

foreach() changes
● Foreach now accepts keys as non-scalars
● Iterators' key() may now return arrays
$it = new MultipleIterator();
$it->attachIterator(new ArrayIterator(array(1,2,3)));
$it->attachIterator(new ArrayIterator(array(4,5,6)));
foreach ($it as $k => $v) {
var_dump($k, $v); // $k is an array
}

Array dereferencing strings
● Dereference const expressions
– Cool shortcuts sometimes
var_dump( "php"[1] ); // 'h'
var_dump( [1, 2, 3][1] ); // 2
var_dump( [ ['foo, 'bar'], [1, 2] ] [0][1] ); // "bar"

boolval()
● We could cast to (bool), but there were no
function for that
– Those functions exist for other types
● intval(), strval(), floatval()
– A new function is to be used as a callback argument
var_dump( (boolval) "foo" ); // true
$data = [ 'foo', 42, false, new stdClass() ];
var_dump(array_map('boolval', $data));

Class name runtime resolution
● Resolve the FQN of an imported class
<?php
use vendorBBCBar;
class FooTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testExample()
{
$bar = $this->getMock(Bar::CLASS); // "vendorBBCBar"
/* … */
}
}

OPCache
● OPCache = "ZendOptimizerPlus" for PHP
– It's been freed by Zend recently
– It's then been renamed
● OPCache will be shipped with PHP 5.5 , as
a bundled extension you have to activate at
runtime
● http://www.php.net/opcache (wip)
● APC is now dead

OPCache roles
● OPCode caching + optimizing

OPCache vs APC
● APC
– Is (very) hard to maintain
– is maintained by few volunteers
● And it's been a PITA with 5.4
– Never do that again
– suffers from historical bad low-level designs
that make it very hard to evolve
– is less performant than OPCache, 5 to 20%
– provides a "user cache", OPCache doesn't
● ext/apcu is a possible candidate for that

OPCache vs APC
● OPCache
– Is PHP licenced (like APC)
– is maintained by volunteers
– is also maintained by pro guys, mainly hired by Zend
– will be maintained in the same time as PHP
● No more surprise like 5.4 and APC
– has been the first PHP OPcode cache
implementation (1998). Very mature
– Supports PHP from 5.2 to current (like APC)
– Integrates an optimizer

PHP 5.5 compatibility breaks
● ext/mysql has been deprecated /!
● /e modifier for preg() has been deprecated
● Dropped support for Windows XP and 2k3
● No more php logo and zend logo functions
● pack()/unpack() minor changes
● No more curl-wrappers

Performances ?
● The biggest step was 5.3 to 5.4
– First time for such a boost
● 5.5 is faster than 5.4
– But don't expect the same effect than 5.3 to 5.4

Performances
● Testing blablacar.com
– PHPUnit 3.7.21
– 959 tests
– (Lots of external services and SQL)
Time: 14:32, Memory: 1202.50Mb
5.3.latest
5.4.latest
5.5.latest

Engine performance
● PHP 5.3.latest
empty_loop 0.161
func() 0.459 0.298
undef_func() 0.469 0.309
int_func() 0.446 0.285
$x = self::$x 0.444 0.284
self::$x = 0 0.441 0.281
isset(self::$x) 0.431 0.270
empty(self::$x) 0.443 0.283
$x = Foo::$x 0.586 0.425
Foo::$x = 0 0.808 0.647
isset(Foo::$x) 0.578 0.417
empty(Foo::$x) 0.590 0.429
self::f() 0.716 0.555
Foo::f() 0.752 0.591
$x = $this->x 0.426 0.265
$this->x = 0 0.497 0.337
$this->x += 2 0.439 0.279
++$this->x 0.381 0.220
--$this->x 0.404 0.244
$this->x++ 0.411 0.251
$this->x-- 0.415 0.254
isset($this->x) 0.423 0.263
empty($this->x) 0.433 0.272
$this->f() 0.610 0.449
$x = Foo::TEST 0.353 0.193
new Foo() 1.763 1.602
$x = TEST 0.371 0.211
$x = $_GET 0.361 0.200
$x = $GLOBALS['v'] 0.501 0.341
$x = $hash['v'] 0.355 0.194
$x = $str[0] 0.660 0.499
$x = $a ?: null 2.139 1.978
$x = $f ?: tmp 0.435 0.274
$x = $f ? $f : $a 2.141 1.980
$x = $f ? $f : tmp 0.418 0.258
Total 21.259

Engine performance
● PHP 5.4.latest
empty_loop 0.117
func() 0.380 0.263
undef_func() 0.377 0.260
int_func() 0.336 0.219
$x = self::$x 0.361 0.245
self::$x = 0 0.331 0.214
isset(self::$x) 0.232 0.116
empty(self::$x) 0.243 0.127
$x = Foo::$x 0.327 0.210
Foo::$x = 0 0.217 0.100
isset(Foo::$x) 0.279 0.162
empty(Foo::$x) 0.216 0.100
self::f() 0.398 0.281
Foo::f() 0.365 0.248
$x = $this->x 0.363 0.246
$this->x = 0 0.322 0.205
$this->x += 2 0.252 0.136
++$this->x 0.220 0.103
--$this->x 0.224 0.107
$this->x++ 0.248 0.132
$this->x-- 0.252 0.135
isset($this->x) 0.232 0.115
empty($this->x) 0.251 0.135
$this->f() 0.423 0.307
$x = Foo::TEST 0.220 0.103
new Foo() 0.821 0.705
$x = TEST 0.169 0.052
$x = $_GET 0.256 0.140
$x = $GLOBALS['v'] 0.450 0.334
$x = $hash['v'] 0.355 0.238
$x = $str[0] 0.369 0.252
$x = $a ?: null 0.235 0.118
$x = $f ?: tmp 0.330 0.213
$x = $f ? $f : $a 0.245 0.129
$x = $f ? $f : tmp 0.334 0.217
Total 10.749

Engine performance
● PHP 5.5.latest
empty_loop 0.117
func() 0.396 0.279
undef_func() 0.415 0.298
int_func() 0.325 0.208
$x = self::$x 0.286 0.169
self::$x = 0 0.399 0.282
isset(self::$x) 0.237 0.120
empty(self::$x) 0.282 0.165
$x = Foo::$x 0.246 0.129
Foo::$x = 0 0.320 0.203
isset(Foo::$x) 0.203 0.086
empty(Foo::$x) 0.248 0.131
self::f() 0.433 0.316
Foo::f() 0.395 0.278
$x = $this->x 0.249 0.132
$this->x = 0 0.320 0.203
$this->x += 2 0.251 0.134
++$this->x 0.309 0.192
--$this->x 0.223 0.106
$this->x++ 0.248 0.131
$this->x-- 0.258 0.141
isset($this->x) 0.236 0.119
empty($this->x) 0.262 0.145
$this->f() 0.438 0.321
$x = Foo::TEST 0.225 0.107
new Foo() 0.825 0.708
$x = TEST 0.177 0.060
$x = $_GET 0.262 0.145
$x = $GLOBALS['v'] 0.357 0.240
$x = $hash['v'] 0.267 0.150
$x = $str[0] 0.368 0.251
$x = $a ?: null 0.233 0.115
$x = $f ?: tmp 0.317 0.200
$x = $f ? $f : $a 0.254 0.137
$x = $f ? $f : tmp 0.318 0.201
Total 10.700

Thank you for listening !
We are hiring

PHP5.5 is Here

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked (20)

Similar to PHP5.5 is Here (20)

More from julien pauli (18)

Recently uploaded (20)

PHP5.5 is Here