Physics projectile w7
- 2. OBJECTIVES Students will be able to: Define Projectile Motion Distinguish between the different types of projectile motion Apply the concept to a toy car and measure its velocity Describe the motion of a projectile by treating horizontal and vertical components of its position and velocity. Solve for position, velocity, or time when given initial velocity and launch angle.
- 3. WHAT IS PROJECTILE MOTION?
- 4. FEATURES OF PROJECTILE MOTION? 2-D Motion Parabolic Path Affected by Gravity Thrown into the Air Determined by Initial Velocity
- 5. DEFINITION: PROJECTILE MOTION Projectile motion refers to the 2-D motion of an object that is given an initial velocity and projected into the air at an angle. The only force acting upon the object is gravity. It follows a parabolic path determined by the effect of the initial velocity and gravitational acceleration.
- 6. DEFINITION: PROJECTILE MOTION Projectile motion refers to the 2-D motion of an object that is given an initial velocity and projected into the air at an angle. The only force acting upon the object is gravity. It follows a parabolic path determined by the effect of the initial velocity and gravitational acceleration.
- 7. DEFINITIONS Two-dimensional motion of an object Vertical Horizontal
- 8. TYPES OF PROJECTILE MOTION Horizontal Motion of a ball rolling freely along a level surface Horizontal velocity is ALWAYS constant Vertical Motion of a freely falling object Force due to gravity Vertical component of velocity changes with time Parabolic Path traced by an object accelerating only in the vertical direction while moving at constant horizontal velocity
- 9. TYPES OF PROJECTILE MOTION
- 10. PROJECTILE MOTION If we launch an object at an angle other than straight upward, and consider only the effect of acceleration due to gravity, then the object will travel along a parabolic trajectory.
- 11. FORMULAS The force of gravity causes an object to fall but does not affect the object”s horizontal motion. To simplify the analysis of parabolic motion, we analyze the horizontal and vertical motions separately, using the Big Five. This is the key to doing projectile motion problems. Calling down the negative direction, we have:
- 12. EXAMPLE Imagine you’re manning a cannon, aiming to smash down the walls of an enemy castle so your army can storm in and claim victory. If you know how fast the ball travels when it leaves the cannon, and you know how far away the walls are, what launch angle do you need to fire the cannon at to successfully hit the walls?
- 13. EXAMPLE Launching a Cannon ball
- 14. EXAMPLE
- 16. IMPORTANT EQUATIONS When you launch a projectile at an angle θ from the horizontal, the initial velocity of the projectile will have a vertical and a horizontal component.
- 17. IMPORTANT EQUATIONS In order to determine the maximum height reached by the projectile during its flight, you need to take a look at the vertical component of its motion.
- 18. IMPORTANT EQUATIONS Vertically, the motion of the projectile is affected by gravity. This means that at maximum height, the vertical component of the initial speed will be zero. The projectile will decelerate on its way to maximum height, come to a complete stop at maximum height, then starts its free fall descent towards the ground. If you use the vertical component of its initial speed, you can write
- 20. FOUR MAIN EQUATIONS The equations for projectile motion are the constant acceleration equations from kinematics, because the acceleration of gravity is the only source of acceleration that you need to consider. The four main equations you’ll need to solve any projectile motion problem are: vx = v0 vy = - g t dx = v0 t dy = 1/2 g t2
- 21. EQUATIONS
- 22. MAIN EQUATIONS
- 23. GEOMETRY
- 24. EQUATIONS
- 25. EQUATIONS What two factors would affect projectile motion? Angle Initial velocity Initial Velocity Angle
- 26. EXAMPLE -1 A projectile was fired with initial velocity v0 horizontally from a cliff d meters above the ground. Calculate the horizontal range R of the projectile.
- 27. EXAMPLE -2 Find the horizontal distance
- 28. 9 - QUIZ Find the components of velocity Vx and Vy, with an initial speed of 20 m/s and a launch angle of 60 degrees
- 29. 9 - QUIZ The highest barrier that a projectile can clear is 14 m, when the projectile is launched at an angle of 30.0 degrees above the horizontal. What is the projectile's launch speed?
- 31. THANK YOU!