Plsql task
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This document provides examples of PL/SQL code blocks and procedures to perform various tasks like checking if a year is a leap year, calculating employee bonuses based on salary, using cursors to retrieve and output employee data, using associative arrays to store and retrieve employee data, handling exceptions, inserting/updating/deleting records in tables using procedures and functions, creating packages with public and private constructs, overloading procedures and functions, and more. It includes 14 questions with examples to write and test PL/SQL code.
Plsql task
- 1. PLSQL: 1) Write a PL/SQL block to accept a year input and check whether it is a leap year. 2) Write a PL/SQL block which will accept the employee number and print the annual_salary as well as the bonus. The PL/SQL block should: • Calculate the annual salary as salary * 12 • Calculate the bonus as indicated in the following table: Annual Salary Bonus >= 20,000 2000 19,999–10,000 1000 <= 9,999 500 3) Declare a cursor named EMP_CUR to select the employee’s last name, salary, and hire date from the EMPLOYEES table Process each row from the cursor, and if the salary is greater than 15,000 and the hire date is later than 01-FEB-1988, display the employee name, salary, and hire date in the format shown in the following sample output: 4) Create a PL/SQL block to retrieve and output the last name and department ID of each employee from the EMPLOYEES table for those employees whose EMPLOYEE_ID is less than 115. In the PL/SQL block, use a cursor FOR loop strategy instead of the OPEN / FETCH /CLOSE cursor methods used in the previous practice. 1. In the declarative section: • Create two associative arrays. The unique key column for both arrays should be of the BINARY INTEGER data type. One array holds the employee’s last name and the other holds the department ID. • Declare a counter variable to be used in the executable section • Declare a cursor that selects the last name and department ID for employees whose ID is less than 115 5) Create a table: CREATE TABLE analysis (ename Varchar2(20), years Number(2), sal Number(8,2) );
- 2. Write a PL/SQL block that handles an exception, as follows: 1. Declare variables for the employee last name, salary, and hire date. Use a substitution variable for the employee last name. Then, query the employees table for the last_name, salary, and hire_date of the specified employee. 2. If the employee has been with the organization for more than five years, and if that employee’s salary is less than 3,500, raise an exception. In the exception handler, perform the following: • Output the following information: employee last name and the message “due for a raise,” similar to the following: Insert the last name, years of service, and salary into the analysis table. 3. If there is no exception, output the employee last name and the message “not due for a raise,” similar to the following: Verify the results by querying the analysis table. Use the following test cases to test the PL/SQL block. LAST_NAME MESSAGE Austin Not due for a raise Nayer Due for a raise Fripp Not due for a raise Khoo Due for a raise 6) Create, compile, and invoke the ADD_JOB procedure and review the results. a) Create a procedure called ADD_JOB to insert a new job into the JOBS table. Provide the ID and job title using two parameters. Note: You can create the procedure (and other objects) by entering the code in the SQL Worksheet area, and then click the Run Script (F5) icon. This creates and compiles the procedure. To find out whether or not the procedure has any errors, click the procedure name in the procedure node, and then select Compile from the pop-up menu. b) Invoke the procedure with IT_DBA as the job ID and Database Administrator as the job title. Query the JOBS table and view the results. c) Invoke your procedure again, passing a job ID of ST_MAN and a job title of Stock Manager. What happens and why?
- 3. 7) 7a. Create a procedure called UPD_JOB to update the job title. Provide the job ID and a new title using two parameters. Include the necessary exception handling if no update occurs. 7b) Invoke the procedure to change the job title of the job ID IT_DBA to Data Administrator. Query the JOBS table and view the results. 7c) Test the exception-handling section of the procedure by trying to update a job that does not exist. You can use the job ID IT_WEB and the job title Web Master. 8) Create a procedure called GET_EMPLOYEE to query the EMPLOYEES table, retrieving the salary and job ID for an employee when provided with the employee ID. a) Create a procedure that returns a value from the SALARY and JOB_ID columns for a specified employee ID. Remove syntax errors, if any, and then recompile the code. 9) Create and invoke the GET_JOB function to return a job title. 9a) Create and compile a function called GET_JOB to return a job title. b) Create a VARCHAR2 host variable called b_title, allowing a length of 35 characters. Invoke the function with job ID SA_REP to return the value in the host variable, and then print the host variable to view the result. 9b)Create a VARCHAR2 host variable called b_title, allowing a length of 35 characters. Invoke the function with job ID SA_REP to return the value in the host variable, and then print the host variable to view the result. 10) Create a function called GET_ANNUAL_COMP to return the annual salary computed from an employee’s monthly salary and commission passed as parameters. 10 a) Create the GET_ANNUAL_COMP function, which accepts parameter values for the monthly salary and commission. Either or both values passed can be NULL, but the function should still return a non-NULL annual salary. Use the following basic formula to calculate the annual salary: (salary*12) + (commission_pct*salary*12) 10b) Use the function in a SELECT statement against the EMPLOYEES table for employees in department 30. 11) Create a procedure, ADD_EMPLOYEE, to insert a new employee into the EMPLOYEES table. The procedure should call a VALID_DEPTID function to check whether the department ID specified for the new employee exists in the DEPARTMENTS table. 11a) Create a function called VALID_DEPTID to validate a specified department ID and return a BOOLEAN value of TRUE if the department exists. 11b) Create the ADD_EMPLOYEE procedure to add an employee to the EMPLOYEES table. The row should be added to the EMPLOYEES table if the VALID_DEPTID function returns TRUE; otherwise, alert the user with an appropriate message. Provide the following parameters: - first_name - last_name - email
- 4. - job: Use 'SA_REP' as the default. - mgr: Use 145 as the default. - sal: Use 1000 as the default. - comm: Use 0 as the default. - deptid: Use 30 as the default. - Use the EMPLOYEES_SEQ sequence to set the employee_id column. − Set the hire_date column to TRUNC(SYSDATE). 11c) Call ADD_EMPLOYEE for the name 'Jane Harris' in department 15, leaving other parameters with their default values. What is the result? 11d) Add another employee named Joe Harris in department 80, leaving the remaining parameters with their default values. What is the result? 12) 1) Create a package specification and body called JOB_PKG, containing a copy of your ADD_JOB, UPD_JOB, and DEL_JOB procedures as well as your GET_JOB function. Note: Use the code from your previously saved procedures and functions when creating the package. You can copy the code in a procedure or function, and then paste the code into the appropriate section of the package. a) Create the package specification including the procedures and function headings as public constructs. b) Create the package body with the implementations for each of the subprograms. c) Invoke your ADD_JOB package procedure by passing the values IT_SYSAN and SYSTEMS ANALYST as parameters. 13) Create and invoke a package that contains private and public constructs. a) Create a package specification and a package body called EMP_PKG that contains the following procedures and function that you created earlier: i) ADD_EMPLOYEE procedure as a public construct ii) GET_EMPLOYEE procedure as a public construct iii) VALID_DEPTID function as a private construct b) Invoke the EMP_PKG.ADD_EMPLOYEE procedure, using department ID 15 for employee Jane Harris with the email ID JAHARRIS. Because department ID 15 does not exist, you should get an error message as specified in the exception handler of your procedure. c) Invoke the ADD_EMPLOYEE package procedure by using department ID 80 for employee David Smith with the email ID DASMITH. 14) Modify the code for the EMP_PKG package that you created earlier, and then overload the ADD_EMPLOYEE procedure. Next, you create two overloaded functions called GET_EMPLOYEE in the EMP_PKG package. You also add a public procedure to EMP_PKG to populate a private PL/SQL table of valid department IDs and modify the VALID_DEPTID function to use the private PL/SQL table contents to validate department ID values. You also change the VALID_DEPTID validation processing function to use the private PL/SQL table of department IDs. Finally, you
- 5. reorganize the subprograms in the package specification and the body so that they are in alphabetical sequence. Modify the code for the EMP_PKG package that you created earlier, and overload the ADD_EMPLOYEE procedure. a) In the package specification, add a new procedure called ADD_EMPLOYEE that accepts the following three parameters: i) First name ii) Last name iii) Department ID b) Implement the new ADD_EMPLOYEE procedure in the package body as follows: i) Format the email address in uppercase characters, using the first letter of the first name concatenated with the first seven letters of the last name. ii) The procedure should call the existing ADD_EMPLOYEE procedure to perform the actual INSERT operation using its parameters and formatted email to supply the values. iii) Click Run Script to create the package. Compile the package. c) Invoke the new ADD_EMPLOYEE procedure using the name Samuel Joplin to be added to department 30. 15) In the EMP_PKG package, create two overloaded functions called GET_EMPLOYEE: a) In the package specification, add the following functions: i) The GET_EMPLOYEE function that accepts the parameter called p_emp_id based on the employees.employee_id%TYPE type. This function should return EMPLOYEES%ROWTYPE. ii) The GET_EMPLOYEE function that accepts the parameter called p_family_name of type employees.last_name%TYPE. This function should return EMPLOYEES%ROWTYPE.