Pollution;its causes and effects by Wajeeha Nisar Ahmed Khan
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This document defines different types of pollution including air, water, noise, and land pollution. It discusses the causes and effects of each type of pollution as well as methods for prevention. The types of pollution covered are air pollution from industries, vehicles, and fuels; water pollution from waste, chemicals, and trash; noise pollution from transportation and events; and land pollution from mining, waste, and industrial activities. The document emphasizes the importance of reducing pollution at its source, reusing and recycling materials, and developing alternative energy sources to fossil fuels to prevent environmental damage.
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Pollution;its causes and effects by Wajeeha Nisar Ahmed Khan
- 1. Chapter # 08Chapter # 7 & 8
- 3. OVERVIEW Definition of Pollution Types of Pollution : Air Pollution : a. Introduction c. Effects b. Causes d. Prevention Water Pollution : a. Introduction c. Effects b. Causes d. Prevention
- 4. Noise Pollution : a. Introduction c. Effects b. Causes d. Prevention Land Pollution : a. Introduction c. Effects b. Causes d. Prevention
- 5. When Harmful Substances Contaminate the Environment it is Called Pollution. Pollution refers to the very bad condition of environment in terms of quantity and quality .
- 6. What is Atmosphere ? Atmosphere is the life blanket of Earth. It is therefore essential that we know more about the atmosphere and the ways in which it is Polluted.
- 7. Air Pollution Land Pollution Water Pollution Sound Pollution
- 8. Causes of Air Pollution Major sources of Air Pollution - Industries -Automobiles and Domestic fuels -High Proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide
- 9. Effects of Air Pollution • Air Pollution affects??? • Human health • Animals • Plants • The atmosphere as a whole
- 10. Yes, we can avoid pollution As Follows How to Avoid Air Pollution ? • Use natural Gases, like LPG autos • Do not Burst Crackers • Use less Amount of Fuel for Vehicles • Avoid using gas stoves and use electric stoves (bio gas)
- 11. Water, ALLAH’s Valuable Gift
- 12. Throwing trashes in water. Throwing low batteries in water, lakes, and rivers. The chemicals from factories that might flow to rivers.
- 13. Effects of Water Pollution Diseases like Cholera Malaria Typhoid (spread during the rainy season ) Aquatic life gets destroyed
- 14. Effects of water pollution High blood pressure Sleep disturbance Color blindness Aquatic animals.
- 15. How to Avoid Water Pollution ? Rivers should not be used for washing clothes or bathing animals in. Harvesting of Rainwater to meet water requirements. Dams &embankments must be created. The rivers must not be contaminated. In sacred river like Ganga the dead bodies shouldn’t thrown.
- 16. Sound pollution or environmental noise is displeasing human or machine created sound that disrupts the activity or happiness of human or animal life. A common form of noise pollution is from transportation, principally motor vehicles.
- 17. Causes of noise pollution The main sources of noise pollution are as follows:- 1. Transportation:-aircraft , trains ,cars etc... 2. Traffic jams 3. Special events:-loudspeakears
- 18. Effects of Noise Pollution Hearing Loss High Blood Pressure Stress Sleep Disturbance Colour Blindness
- 19. How to Avoid Noise Pollution ? The Government should ensure the new machines that Should be noise proof. Air ports must be away from residential area. The Sound horn symbol is to be in School Roads.
- 20. Prevention of Noise Pollution Pleasant Home We need to talk sweetly to others. Talk Less Work More. Sound affects our ears so loud noise should be avoided.
- 21. Definition of Land Pollution One fourth of area is covered by land is Called Land . Land is a earth which is occupied by people for shelter, occupation etc..,
- 22. Causes of Land Pollution We can classify major sources that lead to land following Categories Mining and quarrying Sewage waste Household Garbage Industrial Waste
- 24. Effects of Land Pollution The Land Cannot be used to construct house Farmers cannot do farming Ground water will gets Affected Salinisation
- 25. Prevention of Land Pollution More and more land should be brought under farming Trees should be planted everywhere. Waste matter should be disposed immediately Avoid drilling the Land for more underground water. Avoid using more fertilizers and Pesticides.
- 26. The Carrot Approach to Pollution Control This approach involves offering advice to companies about pollution and waste to encourage them to cut back voluntarily. People are needed to be educated about the Three Rs: Reduce: Cut back on amount used and the waste produced. Recycle: Recover waste products and make them into new material. Reuse: Use items again and again (such as polythene bags and glass bottles).
- 27. How Glass can be Reduced and Recycled
- 28. Seeking alternatives to fossil fuels Burning fossil fuels is the main cause of air pollution, both local and global. This suggests that replacing fossil fuels with clean renewable and sustainable sources of energy would do the most to reduce pollution in the world. Alternative energy sources are as follows; 1. Hydroelectric (hydel) power from fast flowing water. 2. Wind power using tall turbines driven by force of the wind. 3. Solar power using tall turbines driven by force of winds.
- 30. 4. 4. Solar power by using solar panels and PVs (photovoltaic cells)
- 31. 5. Geothermal power making use of heat from the ground, particularly in volcanic areas.
- 32. 6. Wave power using movement of the sea and breaking waves.
- 33. HEP is the only alternative which is widely being used. It accounts for 6 % of worlds energy consumption and for about 13% of energy use in Pakistan. HYDROELECTRIC POWER In Pakistan most of comes from the large northern dams. Dams are needed for 2 reasons, 1. To provide a store of water for use all year. 2. To provide the force of water needed to drive the turbines, which produce electricity in the power station. In Pakistan dams are not only build to generate electricity but there water is also used for irrigation purposes. Water passing through a power station is neither used up nor contaminated so that can still be used further south of Pakistan for irrigation and drinking.
- 34. Dams of Pakistan 1. Terbela dam 2. Mangla dam 3. Rawal dam 4. Gomal dam 5. Warsak dam
- 35. Why more alternatives are not being used? They are more expensive than fossil fuels. The sun does not shine all the time. Strong winds may not blow. Many places are not volcanic. Nuclear energy is not a completely safe option: a disaster such as at Chernobyl causes immediate as well as long lasting damage. The effects of the radioactivity in surrounding soil and water cause long- term damage.
- 36. Pollution is a life killer and It •is true that Pollution has made some disastrous effects. Pollution is becoming closer to put life on the verge of death and It has killed many lives already. So, as a human, we should stop pollution and join a program or project that involved of Pollution Prevention.