![• Economic importance
Dolichos bean, [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] is an important leguminous vegetable
of India.
It is mainly grown for its tender green pods, Mature fresh green seeds are also
used as vegetable and dry seeds as pulse.
Dolichos is rich in protein, minerals, vitamins and fiber.
It is grown both as commercial crop and also in the gardens and back yards.
Dolichos bean is also known as hyacinth bean or Indians bean.
In northern Indian it is commonly called sem.
Its fresh green pods contain 86% moisture, 3.8% protein, 6.7% CHO, 0.7% fat, 0.9%
mineral matter, Vitamin A 312 IU. It is good source of Vitamin B and C also.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/popofindianbean-230430101500-05cbcd3a/85/pop-of-indian-bean-pptx-3-320.jpg)
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- 1. SRI KARAN NARENDRA COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE , JOBNER Topic:- Production Technology Of Indian Bean SRI KARAN NARENDRA AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY JOBNER Submitted To- Dr. M. R. Choudhary (Prof. Of Horticulture ) Submitted By – Rakesh Verma (M.Sc. Previous )
- 2. • INDIAN BEAN Common Name:- Hyacinth bean Botanical Name:- Lablab purpureus Chromosome no.- 2n= 20 Family:- Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Origin:- India
- 3. • Economic importance Dolichos bean, [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] is an important leguminous vegetable of India. It is mainly grown for its tender green pods, Mature fresh green seeds are also used as vegetable and dry seeds as pulse. Dolichos is rich in protein, minerals, vitamins and fiber. It is grown both as commercial crop and also in the gardens and back yards. Dolichos bean is also known as hyacinth bean or Indians bean. In northern Indian it is commonly called sem. Its fresh green pods contain 86% moisture, 3.8% protein, 6.7% CHO, 0.7% fat, 0.9% mineral matter, Vitamin A 312 IU. It is good source of Vitamin B and C also.
- 4. • Climate and soil It is relatively a warm season crop. Some strains are highly drought resistant. The best temperature for its seed germination is 18°C to 27°C. It can be grown in almost all types of soils. Sandy loam, silt loam and clay loam are best suited.
- 5. • Seed rate and sowing Best time for sowing is June-July and February-March. Seed rate for dolichos bean is 10-12 kg/ha(pole types) and bush type- 20-30 kg/hac. Seeds treat with rhizobium helps in quick nodulation on the roots, which fix atmospheric nitrogen. Seeds are sown in rows 1-1.5 m apart. It is dibbled or drilled behind the ploughed at a distance of 10-15cm. It climbs on the roof tops.
- 6. • Cultivar’s Pole type: Pusa Early Prolific, JDL series. Bush type (photo-insensitive): Arka Jay, Arka Vijay, Konkan Bhushan and RCDL-IO. Other variety:- Pusa sem-2, Pusa sem-3, Blue lake, Co-3,4,5, Deepaliwal, Dasarwal, Rajni, Hebbal Avare-1.
- 7. Cultivar Arka Amogh: Plants are medium tall, 50 % flowering in 40 days and pods are ready for harvest in 55 days. Pods are similar to Arka Jay and Konkan Bhushan. Yield: 19-20 t/ha. Arka Soumya :Plants are medium tall, 50 % flowering in 45 days and pods are ready for harvest in 55 days. Pods are slender (1.0 cm width), medium long (13-15 cm). Yield: 19 t/ha
- 8. CO-13: It is a bush type, hybrid derivative of CO-9 (bush type) x Florika field. Photo insensitive, flowers white with long green pods, yields 10t/ha. KDB 403: Pole type. Pods long, narrow, shining green. Pod length 12.9 cm, width 1.2 cm, weight 2.0 g. Yield 5-6 t/ha in 180-210 days. KDB 405: Pole type. Pods medium long, narrow, dark green band in the middle and boarders light green. Pod length 9.6 cm, width 1.3 cm, weight 1.1 g. Yield 3-4 t/ha in 180-200 days.
- 9. Cultivars JDL. 79: Pole type. Pods flat, broad, whitish green with parrot green boarder along the line of seed attachment. Pod length 11.8 cm, width 3.6 cm, weight 1.5 g. Yield 5.6 t/ha in 200 days. JDL 53: Pole type. Pods flat, small, narrow, dull whitish green with purple tinge along the boarder. Pod length 7.2 cm, width 1.8 cm, weight 3.75 g. Yield 10-12 t/ha in 200-220 days.
- 10. • Manure and fertilizer About 25t/ha of FYM should be applied to the soil at the time of land preparation. Application of 20 kg N, 60 kg P205 and 60 kg K20/ha is recommended. Half of N along with entire dose of P and K fertilizer should be applied at sowing time. The remaining half dose of N should be top dressed 30 days after sowing
- 11. • Intercultural operation Weeding- Weeds may be controlled mechanically or by using weedicides. Pre sowing application of Fluchloralin @ 2litre/ha check the weed growth for 20-25 days. Staking- Pole type Dolichos bean need support, since the plants have twinning growth habit. The plants should be trained on thin bamboo stakes for better growth and fruit set. In hills twigs and branches can also be used to give a good support. Irrigation- Light irrigation is given when required. For higher yield the crop should be irrigated regularly at 7 -10 days interval. Flowering and pod development period are the critical stages.
- 12. Diseases 1. Alternaria leaf spot:- Alternaria alternata Symptoms :-Small irregular brown lesions on leaves which expand and turn gray-brown or dark brown with concentric zones; older areas of lesions may dry out and drop from leaves causing shot hole; lesions coalesce to form large necrotic patches Management:-Plant beans in fertile soil; foliar fungicide application may be required
- 13. Diseases 2.Anthracnose:- Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Glomerella lindemuthiana) Symptoms:- Small, dark brown to black lesions on cotyledons; oval or eye-shaped lesions on stems which turn sunken and brown with purple to red margins. Management:- Plant resistant varieties; use certified disease free seed; avoid sprinkler irrigation, water plants at base; plow bean crop debris into soil.
- 14. 3.Bean rust :-Uromyces appendiculatus Symptoms:-Initially the symptoms appear as small yellow/white spots on leaves. Later the spots become enlarged and shows raised brick red rust pustules (uredinia). Management:-Grow available resistant varieties. Remove and destroy the infected crop debris. Follow crop rotation. Keep the field free from weeds. If the disease is severe, spray suitable fungicide.
- 15. • Pest 1. Aphids :- (Cowpea aphid, Pea aphid, etc.) Aphis craccivora Acyrthosiphon pisum Symptoms Small soft bodied insects on underside of leaves and/or stems of plant; usually green or yellow in color, If aphid infestation is heavy it may cause leaves to yellow and/or distorted, necrotic spots on leaves and/or stunted shoots. Aphids secrete a sticky, sugary substance called honeydew which encourages the growth of sooty mold on the plants.
- 16. • Management Insecticides are generally only required to treat aphids if the infestation is very high – plants generally tolerate low and medium level infestation. Insecticidal soaps or oils such as neem or canola oil are usually the best method of control.
- 17. 2. Armyworms:- Spodoptera exigua Spodoptera praefica Symptoms Larvae damage leaves, buds, flowers, pods and beans. Young caterpillars are cream-white in color with a black head and black hairs. Older larvae may be yellow-green to almost black in color with fine white lines along their body and black spots at the base of hairs.
- 18. • Harvesting and yield In bush type, the crop is ready for harvest two months after sowing and only 2-3 picking are obtained. In pole type, it takes 3 months for first harvest with 9-10 picking at 7 days interval. Fully grown immature pods are harvested. Harvesting starts from November –December. Pods are harvested at tender stage before it becomes fibrous. Green pod yield varies from 5 to 8 t/ha.
- 19. • Seed production It is a self pollinated crop and requires only 25m isolation distance between 2 varieties. Three rouging should be done, before flowering, at the time of flowering and at the time of maturity. Completely matured and dried pods are harvested and seeds are extracted by threshing. Seeds should be dried completely and put in cloth bags or in tin containers at cool and dry conditions.