Power & politics

M Tahir Sajjad 16-ENV-10
M Umar Ahsan 16-ENV-42
Zain-ul-Abaideen 16-ENV-48
Muhammad Arslan 16-ENV-76

POWER
Ability to make someone do what you want them to do.
Actually it is the capacity of a person, team or organization to
influence others.
Making the things happen in the way you want.
Example:
Capacity that A has to influence the behaviour of B so that B
acts in accordance with A’s wishes.

POWER and AUTHORITY
Power motive is given as a need to manipulate others
and have superiority over them.
Authority is different from power because of its
legitimacy and acceptance.
Power is the ability to maintain authority.

Faces of Power in Action
Positive Negative
 Leading
 Influencing
 Selling
 persuading
 Coercing
 Forcing
 Hurting
 crushing

Bases of power:
Referent power:
Power that arises from one’s personality or
physical or other abilities which induce
others to believe in and follow that person.

Contd.
Legitimate power:
The ability to influence fellow members of a group
which is usually dependent on your status within that
group.

Contd.
Expert power:
It refers to the ability of an individual to influence
other individuals on the basis of skills or knowledge.
People who have expert power perform critical tasks
and are indispensible.

Contd.
Coercive power:
It is the ability of the power holder to remove
something from a person or to punish them for not
conforming with a request.

Contd.
Reward power:
The power to give rises, promotion, praise interesting
projects and rewards to subordinates.
Target of this power must value these rewards.

POLITICS
 Power in action is called politics.
 Public allocation of values.
 Competition among individuals
groups or state pursuing their
interest.

Organizational politics:
Organizational politics is the process of using an
informal network to gain power and accomplish tasks
to meet a person's wants or needs.

Why do we have politics?
Different values, ideas and goals
Limited resources
Outcome is not clearly known

Influencing Factors
Individual Factors:
Inefficiency of the employee.
High need for power status security.
Self monitoring.
High risk propensity.

Organizational Factors:
Competition
Level in organization
High performance pressure
Low trust
Unclear evaluation systems.
Democratic decision making

POLITICAL TACTICS
Attacking or blaming others
Creating favorable image
Praising others
Association with influential people

Response Of Politics in Organization
Positive Aspects:
 Overcoming personnel inadequances.
 Coping with change.
 Substituting for formal authority.
Negative Aspects
 Decreased job satisfaction.
 Increased anxiety and stress.
 Increased turnover.
 Reduced performance.

Political behavior:
Any action regarding authority in general
and government in particular.

Factors influencing Political Behavior:

Political strategies:
Build relationship
Social groups
Inside the organization
Outside the organization

Conclusions:
Power and politics exists in every organization
Recognize that power and politics influence all behavior
in organizations and that it is necessary to develop the
skills to be able to understand and manage them
Introduce clear rules
Increase opportunity for dialogue

Power &amp; politics

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