POWER SYSTEM STABILITY OF MULTI MACHINE BY USING STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES COMPENSATOR (SSSC)
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The paper discusses the modeling and simulation of voltage stability in multi-machine power systems using a Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) to enhance power stability and mitigate oscillations. It outlines the operational principles of the SSSC, a device improving the damping capabilities of power systems, and presents simulation results conducted with MATLAB to demonstrate its effectiveness in reducing disturbances and accelerating the attainment of steady state conditions. The study provides a systematic approach for the optimal tuning of SSSC controllers to enhance the overall performance and reliability of electric power systems.
![NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
ISSN: 2394-3696
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015
POWER SYSTEM STABILITY OF MULTI MACHINE BY USING
STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES COMPENSATOR (SSSC)
Shital Basavraj Gaikwad
Department of Electrical Engineering,
S.S.G.B. College of Engineering, Bhusawal, Jalgaon
Prof. G.K.Mahajan
Department of Electrical Engineering,
S.S.G.B. College of Engineering, Bhusawal,Jalgaon
Prof. A.P.Chaudhri
Department of Electrical Engineering,
S.S.G.B. College of Engineering, Bhusawal, Jalgaon
ABSTRACT
In this paper the problem of modeling and simulation of voltage stability is improved using
Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). Due to the continuous demand in electric
power system, the system is heavily loaded, this causes to voltage instability. In this work, a
static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is used to minimize the effect of this device in
controlling active and reactive powers as well as damping power system oscillations in
transient mode. The PI controller is used to achieve the zero signal error. The result is
obtained from simulation using MATLAB. In short when any disturbances occur in
transmission line, if SSSC is connected then disturbance in the system is minimized & system
will reach the steady state condition very quickly.
KEYWORDS- Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC), Voltage Stability, PI
controller (Proportional Integral).
INTRODUCTION
A network which contains electrical component to supply, generation, transmission and use
of electrical power is called as electrical power system. Now in power system all areas are
connected with each other which we called interconnected power system. Electric power
system is combination of generation, transmission and distribution. So due to use of large
system there is different types of disturbances are produced which may lead to unwanted
effects on the network, such as loss of synchronism in generators. Solving the problems of
transient stability determine the behavior of a power system for as much as more seconds
following a power disturbance. SSSC has been used at in series the transmission line for
damping and compensation for the improvement in the power transfer capability. The static
synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is a series device of the Flexible AC Transmission
system.
Systems (FACTS) family device are used to control power flow and improve transient
stability on power grids. The SSSC controls voltage at its terminals by controlling the amount](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1432112433volume2issue5may-2015-181126044332/85/POWER-SYSTEM-STABILITY-OF-MULTI-MACHINE-BY-USING-STATIC-SYNCHRONOUS-SERIES-COMPENSATOR-SSSC-1-320.jpg)
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
ISSN: 2394-3696
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015
of reactive power injected into or absorbed from the power system. Here in this paper a
concept is introduced with simultaneous operation of multi machine system with SSSC
converter. The SSSC is connected at bus-3 of the transmission line. The multi machine power
systems are simulated using MATLAB and the effect of with and without SSSC on system
and in fault condition are simulated. FACTS can improve the stability of network, such as the
transient and the small signal stability, and can reduce the flow of heavily loaded lines and
support voltages by controlling their parameters including series impedance, shunt
impedance, current, voltage and phase angle. Controlling the power flows in the network
leads to reduce the flow of heavily loaded lines, increased system load ability, less system
loss and improved security of the system.
STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES COMPENSATOR (SSSC)
The voltage-sourced convertor-based series compensator, called Static Synchronous Series
Compensator [3].The Figure l, [1] [2][4] shows a functional model of the SSSC where the dc
capacitor has been replaced by an energy storage device such as a high energy battery
installation to allow active as well as reactive power exchanges with the ac system. The
SSSC's output voltage magnitude and phase angle can be varied in a controlled manner to
influence power flows in a transmission line. The phase displacement of the inserted voltage
Vpq, with respect to the transmission line current line I, determines the exchange of real and
reactive power with the ac system.
Fig.l: Functional Model of SSSC
The main component of SSSC is a Voltage Source Converter (VSC). It is equipped with an
energy source to enhance the active and reactive power exchange with an AC system. The
series connected SSSC inject an AC voltage in phase quadrature with line current, and thus
the control of power flow through the transmission line is attained by adjusting the magnitude
and phase angle of the injected voltage.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1432112433volume2issue5may-2015-181126044332/85/POWER-SYSTEM-STABILITY-OF-MULTI-MACHINE-BY-USING-STATIC-SYNCHRONOUS-SERIES-COMPENSATOR-SSSC-2-320.jpg)
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SSSC CONFIGURATION
Figure.2 Single Line Diagram of Simple Transmission Line
The basic scheme of the SSSC is shown in Fig.2 The compensator is equipped with a source
of energy, which helps in supplying or absorbing active power to or from the transmission
line along with the control of reactive power flow [5]. The real and reactive power (P and Q)
flow at the receiving end voltage source are given by the expressions
Where V s and Vr are the magnitudes and 15s and Dr are the phase angles of the voltage
sources Vs and Vr respectively. For simplicity, the voltage magnitudes are chosen such those
Vs = Vr = V and the difference between the phase angles is:
An SSSC, limited by its voltage and current ratings, is capable of emulating a compensating
reactance Xq (both inductive and capacitive) in series with the transmission line inductive
reactance XL, Therefore, the expressions for power flow given in equation (l & 2) becomes
Where Xeff is the effective reactance of the transmission line between its two ends, including
the emulated variable reactance inserted by the injected voltage source of the Static
Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). The compensating reactance Xq is defined to be](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1432112433volume2issue5may-2015-181126044332/85/POWER-SYSTEM-STABILITY-OF-MULTI-MACHINE-BY-USING-STATIC-SYNCHRONOUS-SERIES-COMPENSATOR-SSSC-3-320.jpg)
![INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
negative when the SSSC is operated in an inductive mode and positive when the SSSC is
operated in a capacitive mode [1].
(a)When VBt = 00;
(b)When VBt lags I by 900
;
(c) When VBt leadsI by 900.
A variable synchronous voltage source VBt represents the SSSC. Fig.3 shows the phasor
diagram of the system for SSSC’s various operating conditions. Note that, the SSSC voltage
VBt, changes the magnitude of the current for a given Vt and V, and not its angle
NEW TECHNOLOGY
I am going to improve the previous technology
controller we control the parameter with respective reference values of voltage & current
Figure.4
For controlling the powers, first, sampling from the voltage and current is done and
transformed to the dq0 values. Active and reactive powers of bus
voltage and current in dq0 references and compared with the determined reference
produced error signal is given to the PI controllers. Adjusting parameters of PWM is given to
the SSSC.
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negative when the SSSC is operated in an inductive mode and positive when the SSSC is
operated in a capacitive mode [1].
Figure.3 Phasor diagram:
variable synchronous voltage source VBt represents the SSSC. Fig.3 shows the phasor
diagram of the system for SSSC’s various operating conditions. Note that, the SSSC voltage
changes the magnitude of the current for a given Vt and V, and not its angle
I am going to improve the previous technology using PI-controller with SSSC.
controller we control the parameter with respective reference values of voltage & current
Figure.4 the Control Circuit of SSSC
controlling the powers, first, sampling from the voltage and current is done and
transformed to the dq0 values. Active and reactive powers of bus-2 are calculated using their
voltage and current in dq0 references and compared with the determined reference
produced error signal is given to the PI controllers. Adjusting parameters of PWM is given to
NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
ISSN: 2394-3696
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015
negative when the SSSC is operated in an inductive mode and positive when the SSSC is
variable synchronous voltage source VBt represents the SSSC. Fig.3 shows the phasor
diagram of the system for SSSC’s various operating conditions. Note that, the SSSC voltage
changes the magnitude of the current for a given Vt and V, and not its angle [5].
controller with SSSC. By using PI-
controller we control the parameter with respective reference values of voltage & current [4].
controlling the powers, first, sampling from the voltage and current is done and
2 are calculated using their
voltage and current in dq0 references and compared with the determined reference and the
produced error signal is given to the PI controllers. Adjusting parameters of PWM is given to](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1432112433volume2issue5may-2015-181126044332/85/POWER-SYSTEM-STABILITY-OF-MULTI-MACHINE-BY-USING-STATIC-SYNCHRONOUS-SERIES-COMPENSATOR-SSSC-4-320.jpg)
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TWO MACHINE POWER SYSTEM MODELING
The dynamic performance of SSSC is presented by real time voltage and current waveforms.
Using MATLAB software the system shown in Fig.5, has been obtained [4]. In the
simulation one SSSC has been utilized to control the power flow in the transmission systems.
This system which has been made in ring mode consisting of 4 buses (Bl to B4) connected to
each other through three phase transmission lines L1, L2-1, L2-2 and L3 with the length of
280, 150, 150 and 5 km respectively [1][5].
Figure no.5 test system
CONCLUSIONS
It can be found that the SSSC is capable of controlling the flow of power at a desired point on
the transmission line. By studying it know that, the SSSC injects a fast changing voltage in
series with the line irrespective of the magnitude and phase of the line current. This paper
presents a systematic procedure for modeling, simulation and optimal tuning of SSSC
controller in a multi- machine system for enhancing power system stability. For the SSSC
controller design problem, a parameter-constrained, time-domain based, objective function, is
developed to improve the performance of power system subjected to a disturbance.
REFERENCES
[1]Multi Machine Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static Synchronous Series
Compensatorby S ArunKumar, M Senthil Kumar. IEEE conference-2012.
[2]H. Taheri, S. Shahabi, Sh. Taheri and A. Gholami (2009) "Application of Synchronous
Static Series Compensator (SSSC) on Enhancement of Voltage Stability and Power
Oscillation Damping", IEEE Transactions on Power System, pp. 533-539.
[3]Flexible AC transmission (FACTS) text book by Hingorani N.H.
[4]Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static Synchronous Series Compensator
(SSSC) by B. M. Naveen Kumar Reddy, Mr. G. V. Rajashekar, Dr. Himani Goyal](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1432112433volume2issue5may-2015-181126044332/85/POWER-SYSTEM-STABILITY-OF-MULTI-MACHINE-BY-USING-STATIC-SYNCHRONOUS-SERIES-COMPENSATOR-SSSC-5-320.jpg)
![NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT]
ISSN: 2394-3696
VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) www.ijmer.com Vol. 3,
Issue. 4, Jul - Aug. 2013 pp 2530-2536
[5]Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static Synchronous Series Compensator by T
Bhaskaraiah & G Umamaheswara ReddyInt. J. Elec & Electr .Eng & Telecoms. 2013
[6]Kalyan K. Sen, SSSC - Static Synchronous Series Compensator: Theory, Modelling and
Applications Member, IEEE, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 13, No. 1, January
1998.
[7]Improving dynamic stability of power system using SSSC by Jose p. Theratti l& P.C. Panda
IEEE 2011.
[8]Christl, N., et al., "Advanced Series Compensation with Variable Impedance," EPRI
Conference on Flexible AC Transrnission Systems (FACTS): The Future of High Voltage
Transmission, Cincinnati, OH and November 14-16, 1990.
[9]Christl, Netal,"Advanced Series Compensation (ASC) with Thyristor-Controlled
Impedance," CIGRE Paper 14/37/38-05, L992.
[10]De Souza, L. F. W., et al.,"A Gate-Controlled Series Capacitor for Distribution Lines,"
CIGRE Paper 14-201, 1998.
[11]Gribel, J., ET a1. "Brazilian North-South Interconnection-Application of Thyristor-
Controlled Series Compensation (TCSC) to Damp Inter Area Oscillation Mode," CIGRE
Paper No. 14-101, 1998.
[12]Voltage Sources," IEEE/PES Summer Meeting, Paper No. 93SM431-1PWRD, 1993.
[13]Angquist, L., et al., "synchronous Voltage Reversal (SVR) Scheme-A New Control
Method for Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitors," EPRI Conference on Flexible AC
Transmission Systems (FACTS 3): The Future of High Voltage Transmission, Baltimore, MD,
October 5-7,1.994.
[14]Agrawal, B. L., et al., "Advanced Series Compensation (ASC) Steady-State, Transient
Stability and Subsynchronous Resonance Studies," Proceedings of Flexible AC Transmission
Systems (FACTS) Conference, Boston, MA, May 1992.
[15]T Bhaskaraiah and G Umamaheswara Reddy, Power System Stability Enhancement
Using Static Synchronous Series Compensator, International Journal Electrical &
Electronics Engineering &Telecommunications. 2013.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1432112433volume2issue5may-2015-181126044332/85/POWER-SYSTEM-STABILITY-OF-MULTI-MACHINE-BY-USING-STATIC-SYNCHRONOUS-SERIES-COMPENSATOR-SSSC-6-320.jpg)
POWER SYSTEM STABILITY OF MULTI MACHINE BY USING STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES COMPENSATOR (SSSC)
- 1. NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] ISSN: 2394-3696 VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015 POWER SYSTEM STABILITY OF MULTI MACHINE BY USING STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES COMPENSATOR (SSSC) Shital Basavraj Gaikwad Department of Electrical Engineering, S.S.G.B. College of Engineering, Bhusawal, Jalgaon Prof. G.K.Mahajan Department of Electrical Engineering, S.S.G.B. College of Engineering, Bhusawal,Jalgaon Prof. A.P.Chaudhri Department of Electrical Engineering, S.S.G.B. College of Engineering, Bhusawal, Jalgaon ABSTRACT In this paper the problem of modeling and simulation of voltage stability is improved using Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). Due to the continuous demand in electric power system, the system is heavily loaded, this causes to voltage instability. In this work, a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is used to minimize the effect of this device in controlling active and reactive powers as well as damping power system oscillations in transient mode. The PI controller is used to achieve the zero signal error. The result is obtained from simulation using MATLAB. In short when any disturbances occur in transmission line, if SSSC is connected then disturbance in the system is minimized & system will reach the steady state condition very quickly. KEYWORDS- Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC), Voltage Stability, PI controller (Proportional Integral). INTRODUCTION A network which contains electrical component to supply, generation, transmission and use of electrical power is called as electrical power system. Now in power system all areas are connected with each other which we called interconnected power system. Electric power system is combination of generation, transmission and distribution. So due to use of large system there is different types of disturbances are produced which may lead to unwanted effects on the network, such as loss of synchronism in generators. Solving the problems of transient stability determine the behavior of a power system for as much as more seconds following a power disturbance. SSSC has been used at in series the transmission line for damping and compensation for the improvement in the power transfer capability. The static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) is a series device of the Flexible AC Transmission system. Systems (FACTS) family device are used to control power flow and improve transient stability on power grids. The SSSC controls voltage at its terminals by controlling the amount
- 2. NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] ISSN: 2394-3696 VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015 of reactive power injected into or absorbed from the power system. Here in this paper a concept is introduced with simultaneous operation of multi machine system with SSSC converter. The SSSC is connected at bus-3 of the transmission line. The multi machine power systems are simulated using MATLAB and the effect of with and without SSSC on system and in fault condition are simulated. FACTS can improve the stability of network, such as the transient and the small signal stability, and can reduce the flow of heavily loaded lines and support voltages by controlling their parameters including series impedance, shunt impedance, current, voltage and phase angle. Controlling the power flows in the network leads to reduce the flow of heavily loaded lines, increased system load ability, less system loss and improved security of the system. STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES COMPENSATOR (SSSC) The voltage-sourced convertor-based series compensator, called Static Synchronous Series Compensator [3].The Figure l, [1] [2][4] shows a functional model of the SSSC where the dc capacitor has been replaced by an energy storage device such as a high energy battery installation to allow active as well as reactive power exchanges with the ac system. The SSSC's output voltage magnitude and phase angle can be varied in a controlled manner to influence power flows in a transmission line. The phase displacement of the inserted voltage Vpq, with respect to the transmission line current line I, determines the exchange of real and reactive power with the ac system. Fig.l: Functional Model of SSSC The main component of SSSC is a Voltage Source Converter (VSC). It is equipped with an energy source to enhance the active and reactive power exchange with an AC system. The series connected SSSC inject an AC voltage in phase quadrature with line current, and thus the control of power flow through the transmission line is attained by adjusting the magnitude and phase angle of the injected voltage.
- 3. NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] ISSN: 2394-3696 VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015 SSSC CONFIGURATION Figure.2 Single Line Diagram of Simple Transmission Line The basic scheme of the SSSC is shown in Fig.2 The compensator is equipped with a source of energy, which helps in supplying or absorbing active power to or from the transmission line along with the control of reactive power flow [5]. The real and reactive power (P and Q) flow at the receiving end voltage source are given by the expressions Where V s and Vr are the magnitudes and 15s and Dr are the phase angles of the voltage sources Vs and Vr respectively. For simplicity, the voltage magnitudes are chosen such those Vs = Vr = V and the difference between the phase angles is: An SSSC, limited by its voltage and current ratings, is capable of emulating a compensating reactance Xq (both inductive and capacitive) in series with the transmission line inductive reactance XL, Therefore, the expressions for power flow given in equation (l & 2) becomes Where Xeff is the effective reactance of the transmission line between its two ends, including the emulated variable reactance inserted by the injected voltage source of the Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC). The compensating reactance Xq is defined to be
- 4. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] negative when the SSSC is operated in an inductive mode and positive when the SSSC is operated in a capacitive mode [1]. (a)When VBt = 00; (b)When VBt lags I by 900 ; (c) When VBt leadsI by 900. A variable synchronous voltage source VBt represents the SSSC. Fig.3 shows the phasor diagram of the system for SSSC’s various operating conditions. Note that, the SSSC voltage VBt, changes the magnitude of the current for a given Vt and V, and not its angle NEW TECHNOLOGY I am going to improve the previous technology controller we control the parameter with respective reference values of voltage & current Figure.4 For controlling the powers, first, sampling from the voltage and current is done and transformed to the dq0 values. Active and reactive powers of bus voltage and current in dq0 references and compared with the determined reference produced error signal is given to the PI controllers. Adjusting parameters of PWM is given to the SSSC. NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] ISSN: VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY negative when the SSSC is operated in an inductive mode and positive when the SSSC is operated in a capacitive mode [1]. Figure.3 Phasor diagram: variable synchronous voltage source VBt represents the SSSC. Fig.3 shows the phasor diagram of the system for SSSC’s various operating conditions. Note that, the SSSC voltage changes the magnitude of the current for a given Vt and V, and not its angle I am going to improve the previous technology using PI-controller with SSSC. controller we control the parameter with respective reference values of voltage & current Figure.4 the Control Circuit of SSSC controlling the powers, first, sampling from the voltage and current is done and transformed to the dq0 values. Active and reactive powers of bus-2 are calculated using their voltage and current in dq0 references and compared with the determined reference produced error signal is given to the PI controllers. Adjusting parameters of PWM is given to NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] ISSN: 2394-3696 VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015 negative when the SSSC is operated in an inductive mode and positive when the SSSC is variable synchronous voltage source VBt represents the SSSC. Fig.3 shows the phasor diagram of the system for SSSC’s various operating conditions. Note that, the SSSC voltage changes the magnitude of the current for a given Vt and V, and not its angle [5]. controller with SSSC. By using PI- controller we control the parameter with respective reference values of voltage & current [4]. controlling the powers, first, sampling from the voltage and current is done and 2 are calculated using their voltage and current in dq0 references and compared with the determined reference and the produced error signal is given to the PI controllers. Adjusting parameters of PWM is given to
- 5. NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] ISSN: 2394-3696 VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015 TWO MACHINE POWER SYSTEM MODELING The dynamic performance of SSSC is presented by real time voltage and current waveforms. Using MATLAB software the system shown in Fig.5, has been obtained [4]. In the simulation one SSSC has been utilized to control the power flow in the transmission systems. This system which has been made in ring mode consisting of 4 buses (Bl to B4) connected to each other through three phase transmission lines L1, L2-1, L2-2 and L3 with the length of 280, 150, 150 and 5 km respectively [1][5]. Figure no.5 test system CONCLUSIONS It can be found that the SSSC is capable of controlling the flow of power at a desired point on the transmission line. By studying it know that, the SSSC injects a fast changing voltage in series with the line irrespective of the magnitude and phase of the line current. This paper presents a systematic procedure for modeling, simulation and optimal tuning of SSSC controller in a multi- machine system for enhancing power system stability. For the SSSC controller design problem, a parameter-constrained, time-domain based, objective function, is developed to improve the performance of power system subjected to a disturbance. REFERENCES [1]Multi Machine Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static Synchronous Series Compensatorby S ArunKumar, M Senthil Kumar. IEEE conference-2012. [2]H. Taheri, S. Shahabi, Sh. Taheri and A. Gholami (2009) "Application of Synchronous Static Series Compensator (SSSC) on Enhancement of Voltage Stability and Power Oscillation Damping", IEEE Transactions on Power System, pp. 533-539. [3]Flexible AC transmission (FACTS) text book by Hingorani N.H. [4]Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) by B. M. Naveen Kumar Reddy, Mr. G. V. Rajashekar, Dr. Himani Goyal
- 6. NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] ISSN: 2394-3696 VOLUME 2, ISSUE 5, MAY-2015 International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) www.ijmer.com Vol. 3, Issue. 4, Jul - Aug. 2013 pp 2530-2536 [5]Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static Synchronous Series Compensator by T Bhaskaraiah & G Umamaheswara ReddyInt. J. Elec & Electr .Eng & Telecoms. 2013 [6]Kalyan K. Sen, SSSC - Static Synchronous Series Compensator: Theory, Modelling and Applications Member, IEEE, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 13, No. 1, January 1998. [7]Improving dynamic stability of power system using SSSC by Jose p. Theratti l& P.C. Panda IEEE 2011. [8]Christl, N., et al., "Advanced Series Compensation with Variable Impedance," EPRI Conference on Flexible AC Transrnission Systems (FACTS): The Future of High Voltage Transmission, Cincinnati, OH and November 14-16, 1990. [9]Christl, Netal,"Advanced Series Compensation (ASC) with Thyristor-Controlled Impedance," CIGRE Paper 14/37/38-05, L992. [10]De Souza, L. F. W., et al.,"A Gate-Controlled Series Capacitor for Distribution Lines," CIGRE Paper 14-201, 1998. [11]Gribel, J., ET a1. "Brazilian North-South Interconnection-Application of Thyristor- Controlled Series Compensation (TCSC) to Damp Inter Area Oscillation Mode," CIGRE Paper No. 14-101, 1998. [12]Voltage Sources," IEEE/PES Summer Meeting, Paper No. 93SM431-1PWRD, 1993. [13]Angquist, L., et al., "synchronous Voltage Reversal (SVR) Scheme-A New Control Method for Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitors," EPRI Conference on Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS 3): The Future of High Voltage Transmission, Baltimore, MD, October 5-7,1.994. [14]Agrawal, B. L., et al., "Advanced Series Compensation (ASC) Steady-State, Transient Stability and Subsynchronous Resonance Studies," Proceedings of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) Conference, Boston, MA, May 1992. [15]T Bhaskaraiah and G Umamaheswara Reddy, Power System Stability Enhancement Using Static Synchronous Series Compensator, International Journal Electrical & Electronics Engineering &Telecommunications. 2013.